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Файл:Английский язык. Грамматика со звёздами = English Grammar with the Stars. Пособие для подготовки к централизованному тестированию и устному экзамену
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3.25. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use GOING TO, future in the past, the present simple, ABOUT T O
or the future perfect.
CONVERSATION A
John
What are your plans for the weekend?
Sue
Well, we’ve just changed our plans, actually (1) … (have) a barbecue on Sunday. But the weather forecast says it (2) … (be) cold
and windy, so we (3) … (stay) indoors and watch a video.
CONVERSATION B
Beth
Is it all right for you to use the boss’s office while he’s on holi-
day?
Nick
Oh, I’m sure he won’t mind when he (4) … (find out) how many
cars I’ve sold this week.
CONVERSATION C
Te rr y
Are you very busy this afternoon?
Eddy
Well, that depends on why you’re asking. I (5) … (wash) the car.
Do you have a better idea?
Te rr y
Yes. I (6) … (look round) the new sports club. Do you want to
come? You can wash the car tomorrow.
Eddy
Sure. Let’s go.
CONVERSATION D
Ben
Hurry up! We (7) … (miss) the beginning of the concert.
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Mary
Don’t be silly. We’ve got plenty of time.
Ben
But it starts at nine. I want to arrive before the hall (8) … (get)
full otherwise other people (9) … (take) all the good seats by the
time we’re there.
CONVERSATION E
Laura
Do you have a moment to discuss this letter?
Bill
Well, I (10) … (have) something to eat, and then I (11) … (write)
a report. Is it urgent?
Laura
Well, we (12) … (talk) about it yesterday, but you were too busy
then. I must reply to it today and I need your opinion.
Bill
OK. I (13) … (finish) my lunch by twenty past one. Can you
come back then?
CONVERSATION F
Chris
What’s eating you, Chloe? Has anything happened?
Chloe
By next Friday I (14) … (work) in this office for three years. Nobody has ever thanked me for anything I’ve done, so I (15) …
(start) looking for another job!
Chris
Please, don’t. You are exaggerating again.
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VERBS IN THE PASSIVE VOICE
3.26. Decide which choice below (A – D) completes the biographical story best.
SELENA GOMEZ:
A TEEN STAR WHO SENDS A GOOD MESSAGE
Selena Marie Gomez was (1) … on July 22, 1992 in Texas. Her
parents divorced when she was five years old, and she was (2) … by her
mother who worked as an actress.
Her high school diploma was (3) … through
home schooling. Small wonder she had little
time to attend school, as her acting career was
(4) … at an early age. At 15, Gomez was (5) …
in the Disney Channel series Wizards of Waverly
Place as one of the three main characters, Alex
Russo. The show premiered to an audience of
about six million people and became a hit. The
next year, Selena Gomes appeared in Another
Cinderella Story. After the movie’s success, she
was (6) … fifth on the Forbes Eight Hot Kid Stars
to Watch list. Selena is (7) … in the media as a multitalented teen.
Another demonstration to that is her career as a singer. Three songs
for Another Cinderella were (8) … by her. Just before her sixteenth birthday, a recording deal with Hollywood Records was (9)… . This music
label is (10) … by Disney, by the way. A teen pop group – Selena & the
Scene – was (11) … in 2009. The band’s third album When the Sun Goes
Down was (12) … in June, 2011.No doubt, Selena Gomes is (13) … in
quite a number of activities. She was (14) … in the campaign that encouraged teenagers to learn more about presidential candidates. Gomez
is a spokesperson for State Farm Insurance, so she is (15) … in their TV
commercials. The commercials are (16) … on the Disney Channel, to
raise awareness of being a safe driver.
In 2008, Gomez was (17) … UNICEF’s spokesperson for the campaign, which encouraged children to raise money on Halloween to help
children around the world. She said she was excited to encourage other
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kids to make a difference in the world. The next year, 17-year-old Gomez was (18) … the youngest UNICEF ambassador ever. In her first
official field mission, Gomez traveled for a week to Ghana. Recently,
her own fashion line was (19) …. The collection consists of bohemian
dresses, floral tops, jeans, skirts, jackets, scarves and hats. All clothes are
(20) … from recycled or eco-friendly materials. “With my line, I really
want to send a good message”, Selena says.
AB C D
1 born borne birthed borned
2 risen raised brought grown
3 got procured earned achieved
4 begun commenced activated originated
5 chosen acted selected cast
6 ranked graded classed ranged
7 referred painted reported described
8 produced written recorded registered
9 written signed autographed recorded
10 owned possessed belonged kept
11 combined arranged formed composed
12 announced released published broadcast
13 employed enlisted engaged included
14 embraced included incorporated involved
15 promoted featured filmed advertised
16 shot broadcast launched publicized
17 called fitted named labeled
18 made forced done selected
19 sold launched founded begun
20 done built constructed made
3.27. Read the text and complete the text with one suitable
word. In some cases, there is more than one correct answer.
INTENTIONS
Ever since I first heard that I (1) … had my paper accepted at the
conference, I’ve been worrying about everything that I need to (2) …
done. First of all, I had to work out what to wear when I give my talk. In
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the end, I’ve just decided to (3) … my best suit cleaned rather than have
all the hassle of finding a new one or (4) … one made. Next, my hair (5)
… cutting. I’m thinking of (6) … it drastically restyled for a smarter, more
professional look. I’ll get Tony (7) … give me a few ideas on what will
look best. As I (8) … my laptop stolen when my car (9) … broken into,
I’ve borrowed one and I’ll get one of the IT guys at the university (10)
… transfer my presentation onto it. I’ll (11) … a taxi to pick me up from
home, so I won’t (12) … taking to the airport, but thanks for asking!
3.28. Read the text below and think of the word which best fi ts
each space. Use only one word in each space.
PHONES WILL DO ANYTHING
In spite of all the amazing advances which have (1) … made in telephone technology, there are two main problems. The first one is typing,
and the second one is language. Mobile telephones (2) … now equipped
with a choice of languages and the future will bring us phones that respond to voice commands. Already, up to 10 simple commands are recognized (3) … some phones, and designers are looking for ways for this
to (4) … increased to 100. In three or four years, we will be using phones
that can understand any language commands, and voice patterns (5) …
be kept on the phone, so our callers (6) … be identified.
One company has a dream of finding a way to instantly translate from
one language to another while a phone call is being (7) … Your phone
will have a language button, and when it (8) … pressed, the speaker’s
voice will immediately be (9) … into the listener’s language of choice.
However, speech is so complex that it is believed that it will be at least 20
years before we’ll be speaking to anyone in the world without a language
problem. The possible effect of this kind of technology is that we may
feel less enthusiastic about learning a foreign language when we can (10)
… translations done by a computer!
3.29. Complete this text by putting in the correct passive forms
in brackets.
RUGBY UNION
Rugby is a team game that (1) … (play) in Britain since the middle of
the XIX century. According to legend, it (2) … (invent) at Rugby School
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in England in 1823 by a boy who (3) … (call) William Webb Ellis. A game
of football (4) … (play) at the school when Webb Ellis suddenly picked
up the ball and ran with it.
This story might (5)… (make up) but it (6) … (tell) whenever the
history of the game (7)… (explain). Towards the end of the 19th century,
official rules for the game (8) … (write) and it began (9) … (play) in more
and more countries, such as France, Australia, New Zealand and South
Africa. International matches and tours (10) … (organize) since the beginning of the XX century and since 1987 a World Cup tournament (11)
… (hold). At present, more and more countries (12) … (add) to the list of
those that take part in the tournament. Television audiences for international matches are high and it is hoped that the game (13) … (watch) by
even more people in the future. Until 1995, Rugby Union was an amateur game but the top players said that they were in favor of (14) … (pay)
to play and that the sport should (15) … (turn into) a professional one.
Despite various problems, this seems (16) … (do) successfully and the
sport is growing in popularity, with spectator numbers rising in Britain
and elsewhere. In Rugby Union, there are 15 players in each team and
different skills (17) … (require) in each position. People of all shapes and
sizes (18) … (attract) to the game because some positions (19) … (suit) to
very big people while others can (20) … (fill) by smaller people.
3.30. Complete the text with a passive or active form of the verb
in brackets, in a suitable tense according to the context.
LOCAL CHEESES
Traditional cheeses (1) … (produce) in many regions of the UK and
(2) … (name) after the area in which they (3) … (first develop) Cheddar,
a hard cheese with a strong, nutty taste, is the most popular and (4) …
(now make) all over the world. A “true” Cheddar must come from the
counties of Somerset, Dorset or Devon in southwest England or specifically from the Somerset village from which it (5) … (take) its name.
Wensleydale (6) … (come) from the Yorkshire Dales in northern
England. Originally made horn sheep’s milk, it (7) … (base) on a recipe
introduced by the Cistercian monks in the XI century and has a mild
refreshing flavor.
Traditional Lancashire, from northwest England, has a light, salty
flavor. During the Industrial Revolution Lancashire cheese (8) … (be-
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come) the staple food of the mill workers. Caerphilly, a crumbly cheese,
first (9) … (produce) in the Welsh town of that name in about 1831. The
cheese (10) … (soak) overnight in salt water to seal in the moisture. It was
popular with the local coalminers.
Blue Stilton, made only in the counties of Leicestershire, Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire, is known as the king of British cheeses.
3.31. Complete the text with a suitable passive form of the verb
in brackets.
BLOCKED DRAINS SHUT GALLERY LINK
A multi-million pound underground tunnel connecting two of Edinburgh’s art galleries (1) … (close) for two weeks so that blocked drains
can be fixed. The repair work (2) … (estimate) to cost around $100,000
but it is unclear who will foot the bill. Major losses (3) … (expect) at the
museum and at the gallery restaurant, which (4) … (house) in the link
and (5) … (force) to shut whilst the work (6) … (carry out). The head of
buildings said it was likely that the fault had occurred while the tunnel
(7) … (construct).
“It probably happened while it (8) … (build) because we have had
blockage problems since it opened. We (9) … (tell) it will cost around
$100,000 – who will pay for it will be the issue”, he said.
A spokeswoman for the National Galleries said: “Everything (10) …
(do) to ensure minimal disruption to visitors. Many of the educational
workshops and events (11) … (accommodate) elsewhere in the galleries. The National Gallery of Scotland and the Royal Scottish Academy Building (12) … (not affect) by the work, and will open as normal
throughout”.
The work to the faulty drainage system at the Weston Link, which
(13) … (complete) only in summer, will take eight weeks from mid-February until the start of March. Luckily none of the collections (14) …
(damaged) and are waiting for their temporary relocation. The visitors
(15) … (ask) to be patient and understanding.
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3.32. Complete the text with a suitable passive form of the verb
in brackets.
WANGARI MAATHAI
Wangari Maathai (1) … (award) the Nobel Peace Prize in 2004. She
(2) … (praise) by the Nobel committee as “a source of inspiration for
everyone in Africa fighting for sustainable development, democracy
and peace”. When she started her Green Belt movement in 1977, Kenya was suffering from deforestation and desertification. Thousands of
trees (3) … (cut down) and many families (4) … (leave) in poverty as a
result. Since then, her successful campaign to mobilize women to plant
some 30 million trees (5) … (copy) by other countries. During that time
the movement (6) … (transform) into a campaign on education, nutrition and other issues. Her campaign has not always been popular. Mrs
Maathai (7) … (arrest) several times for campaigning against deforestation in Africa, and once she (8) … (beat) unconscious by heavy handed
police. But in elections in 2002, she (9) … (elect) as an MP as part of an
opposition coalition which swept to power, and she (10) … (appoint) as a
deputy environment minister in 2003.
3.33. Complete the text with one word in each gap.
AFTER A BURGLARY
A few weeks ago, while we were out at the cinema, we (1) … our
house broken into. We’d been meaning to (2) … locks fitted on the windows, but we hadn’t (3) …the work (4)…, and so the burglars found it
easy to get in. Luckily we (5) … have many things taken. When the police
arrived, they (6) … us to go through the house and check what was missing. We were actually (7) … a new kitchen fitted at that time, and some
power tools had been stolen. One of the burglars was seen acting suspiciously near another house a few days later, and (8) … himself arrested.
When he (9) … his fingerprints taken at the police station, the police
were able to prove he was the one who had burgled us. Since then we (10)
… had new locks fitted and a new alarm installed.
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3.34. Choose one passive verb phrase for each space in these
sentences.
A REPORT ON THE USE OF DNA TESTING
IS ALSO CALLED HAS ALSO BEEN USED CAN BE USED
IS BELIEVED HAVE BEEN SHOWN MAY HAVE BEEN CONVICTED
WAS RELEASED HAD BEEN SENTENCED HAS ALSO BEEN PROVED
WOULD HAVE NEVER BEEN SOLVED
DNA is the chemical in the cells of plants and animals which carries inherited characteristics, or genetic information. DNA testing (1)
… to identify each person as a unique individual on the basis of that genetic information. It (2) … “genetic fingerprinting”. The results of DNA
testing are now being accepted as evidence in cases where it (3) … that
the wrong person (4) … of a crime. In recent years, more than seventy
people (5) … to be innocent through DNA testing. Many of those people
(6) … to life in prison. In one case, a man (7) … after nineteen years in
prison. DNA testing (8) … in some murder cases that (9) … without
it. This method of DNA testing (10)… useful when a child’s biological
father must be identified.
3.35. Complete the task of editing. Correct the mistakes in this
text.
A CHRISTMAS TO REMEMBER
The Christmas I remember best from my childhood was happened
when I was about five, just after my younger sister born. Lots of people
were come to our house with presents for us. I gave the job of taking the
gifts and saying “Thank you”. As each guest was arrived, I handed boxes
or bags which filled with things that wrapped in Christmas paper. I told
which ones were for me and which ones had to be place in a pile for my
new sister. So many presents brought for us. I will never forget the experience of given so much. It really was a very special Christmas.
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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
3.36. Read this email. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the
verbs in the box. You need to make some of the verbs negative.
PARTY PLANS
BE BE BEHAVE BRING CAN
CHANGE FINISH HAVE LEARN KNOW
Hi, Joe, I’m having a birthday party on Saturday in my uncle’s flat. I
wish I (1) … a bigger flat but I haven’t. Anyway, my uncle has offered me
his flat so long as there (2) … no more than thirty people and provided
that the party (3) …by midnight. So please come and bring a friend, but
I’d rather you (4) … Matthew with you because he always causes trouble.
I wish he (5) … to behave better. I had to work hard to persuade my uncle
and unless everyone (6) … well, he won’t let me do it again. I’ll send you
a map in case you (7) … the street where my uncle lives. If you (8) …
find it, just ring me on my mobile. So I’ll see you on Saturday unless my
uncle (9) … his mind! By the way, has Sally changed her phone number?
I can’t get hold of her. I wish I (10) … rude to her last week, as she’s not
speaking to me now. Bye for now.
3.37. Read the text below and write the word which best fi ts
each space. Use only one word in each space.
ALTERNATIVE FUELS
Can you imagine what the world (1) … be like if there (2) … no electricity? In fact, most of what we take for granted (3) … not exist. There
would be no computers, TV, cinemas or stereos for our entertainment,
and we (4) … not be able to cook and eat in the same way (5) … cookers and fridges. If Thomas Edison (6) … not invented the electric light
bulb, we would now still (7) … using candles to see at night. The problem
with this energy source (8) … that it uses fossil fuels – we burn coal and
oil to generate electricity. Our everyday lives (9) … a huge amount of
power, and industry even more. The damage to the environment (10)
… increase if we continue to burn coal for energy, which (11) … cause
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