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Файл:Английский язык для обучающихся по специальности «Таможенное дело». В 3 частях. Ч.1. Учебное пособие
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Who detained the traveler?
– Customs officers did.
Who did customs officers
detain?
– A traveler.
The X-ray will reveal contra-
band.
The X-ray will reveal contra-
band.
What will reveal contraband?
– The X-ray will.
What will the X-ray reveal?
– Contraband.
Task 18. Read the introduction to the text to fulfil the tasks be-
low:
Being a customs officer you will frequently deal with the public.
Generally, the “public” we serve are passengers, traders, ship and aircraft crews, shipping agents, etc. These people will classify anything
that you do or say to them as typical for the Customs Service. You
have, therefore, to meet certain standards of behavior and appearance.
As far as behavior is concerned, the code known as “Seven C’s”,
is worth bearing in mind.
a) Match left and right.
1. Command attention
a) Never be vague. The more
clearly you formulate your ques-
tions, the more precise infor-
mation you will get.
2. Courtesy
b) Remember that you are the first
line of defense against smugglers
and revenue offenders.
3. Control the situation
c) You should aim to be the per-
son in charge of any situation.
4. Clear questions
d) In difficult situations remain as
cool as possible. This often has
42
positive effect on irate traders,
angry passengers, etc.
5. Careful examination
e) Nobody knows it all: however,
the combined knowledge and ex-
perience of a group of officers
will usually provide an answer to
most problems.
6. Consult colleagues
f) You will frequently be handling
other people’s property. You are
expected to act as efficiently as
possible with due tact and respect
for their effects.
7. Clean hands
g) The use of such words as “Sir” or
“Madam” can often work wonders
b) Write at least five provisions for the code of behavior:
‒ for students;
‒ for teachers;
‒ for travelers.
Task 19. a) Study the information from the table to fulfil the task
below:
Adjective Meaning Opposite Noun
EFFECTIVE
successful, working in
the way that was
planned
Ineffective effectiveness
EFFICIENT
working well without
wasting time, money,
or energy
Inefficient efficiency
43
b) Choose the right words from the table or their derivatives to
complete the sentences.
1. Training is often less __________________ than expected.
2. This new device is very _________________ for screening.
3. You have to find an __________ way to organize your work.
4. They argued about the __________ of a controlled delivery.
5. The government is working out ______________ measures to
cure unemployment.
6. Much will depend on the __________________ of the stuff.
7. Students have to learn to communicate _______________ .
8. An _________ use of natural resources is one of the
challenges of the XXI century.
9. It would be more ____________ not to confiscate contraband
from the parcel now but follow it secretly to reveal all the people in-
volved in illegal business.
10. They managed to achieve maximum _________________
in combating plagiarism.
Task 20. a) Complete the text with different forms of the words
in bold.
Customs laboratories: a__________ introduction
At the end of July 1882, a strange __________
arrived destined for Spain’s Prime Minister. The
Spanish authorities, __________ for the Prime Minister’s life, decided to have the package examined.
They first turned to the Army laboratory, and
then to the School of Mine’s laboratory, but both
refused to open it. __________ , Gabriel de la Puerta, a __________ Spanish chemist, pharmacist, bot-
history
to pack
to fear
fortune
know
to assign
to activate
44
anist and doctor, was willing to take on sensitive
__________ . He opened the package, __________
the bomb and started __________ its contents. This
historical anecdote is just one example of the important role played by Customs laboratories.
Governments ____________ science to prevent
fraud and to improve their revenue ____________
over the centuries because.
Customs officials work was limited to visual
____________________ .
When chemical analyses were required, local
chemists or pharmacists were contracted as external
____________, but this system proved to be
____________. In the mid-19
th
century authorities
developed a new approach to merchandise examination and decided to set up state-owned laboratories:
‒ The British Laboratory of the Board of Excise
________ in 1842;
‒ The French Customs Laboratory ___________
in 1875;
‒ The Customs Laboratory of New York ______
in 1878;
‒ The Analytical Laboratory of Singapore _____
in 1885;
‒ The Government Analytical Laboratory was
established in Cape Town in1891.
Although the academic, scientific, __________
and socio-political context differed from country
to country, __________ of customs laboratories was
a great step forward in improving the __________
to analyze
to employ
to collect
to examine
to consult
effect
to create
to found
to establish
to set up
economy
to create
efficient
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of Customs service everywhere. These laboratories
were a new scientific platform to provide general
technical support for law enforcement activities.
b) Surf the Internet and find out some information about the
first Customs laboratory in Russia.
Task 21. Make a written translation of the text and think about
the title for it.
The custom of Customs comes from England and dates back to
Anglo-Saxon times. Shortly after the Norman Conquest, when the
French began filling England with their wine, kings decided they were
entitled to 5% of whatever wine came in. King Ethelred set up a col-
lection post for ships sailing the Thames past King’s castle. Import du-
ties became a fact of life.
So, a national Customs Service was established in 1203 and
a duty of 1/5 was charged on all imports and exports. All the delivered
goods had to be landed at approved ports, inspected and measured,
so that the correct amount of duty could be fixed and collected.
Luxuries like silk were taxed, but so were everyday necessities
such as soap and tea. The rates of duty were determined by the King.
Since more articles had become liable to duty, the first known Book
of Rates was produced in England in 1507.
The US Customs Service, based on the British model, was
formed in 1789, and put under the auspices of the newly created
Treasury. The first duty ever collected in the New World ($774.710)
was paid on a cargo brought over from Italy.
46
IV. Speaking and Mastering Professional
and Communication Skills
Task 22. Scan the texts and discuss the questions below (see
Conversational formulas in Appendix 2).
The paper. The earliest recorded forms of paper were in use in
Egypt in around 3 500 BC, made from papyrus plant. True paper is be-
lieved to have originated in China in approximately the 2
nd
century AD.
Paper-based declarations and documents such as permits, li-
censes, guarantees etc. have always been essential part in everyday
work of customs. But nowadays we are moving towards paperless
checking of information and electronic clearance.
The lock. The earliest mechanical locks were used as early as
4,000 years ago in Egypt, and from a sturdy padlock to high-tech bio-
metric locks, this device has since been synonymous with reliability
and trust.
The airplane. It was the Wright brothers who successfully built
the first airplane and, on December 17, 1903, made the first con-
trolled, powered, and sustained heavier-than-air flight. Their achieve-
ment has lead to unbelievable changes in our civilization. This revolu-
tionary means of transport has had a major influence in developing
international trade.
1. Could you imagine the world and your life without pa-
per/paper documents/planes/ locks? Can these things disappear in the
future?
2. Which do you think was the best and the worst inven-
tion/discovery in history? Why?
3. Surf the Internet and find out some information about the
history of things that are common now but didn’t exist in the past.
47
Task 23. Speak about the history of the Russian Customs using
the information below and some of the verbs from the box:
to set up to found to adopt to come into force to approve
to form to sign to celebrate to publish to establish
to create to become to appear to exist
1137 ‒ the First Customs House in Novgorod
1653 ‒ the First Trade Statute
1667 ‒ the First Customs Code
1928 ‒ the Customs Code of the USSR
1953 ‒ the First International Customs Day ‒ January 26
1991 ‒ the Decree “On the State Customs Committee of the
Russian Federation”
1985 ‒ October 25 ‒ Russian Customs Officer’s Day
1993 ‒ the Decree of the President setting up the Russian Cus-
toms Academy
2010 ‒ The Customs Union of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan
Task 24. Write down five words that best describe the history of
the Russian Customs. Compare your list with your partner’s words.
Participate in the group discussion of the words.
Task 25. Surf the internet to find some information and make a
report/presentation on why M. Lomonosov, D.Mendeleev,
Y.Derzhavin, S.Vitte deserve to be mentioned in the book about the
history of Russian Customs
Task 26. Comment on the following. Compare your ideas with
the partner. Do you agree with his/her opinion? (See Conversational
formulas in Appendix 2)
48
‒ Almost everything that is great has been done by youth. (Ben-
jamin Disraeli)
‒ Money buys everything except love, personality, freedom, im-
mortality, silence, peace. (Carl Sandburg)
‒ No winter lasts forever; no spring skips its turn. (Hal Borland)
‒ Never believe in mirrors or newspapers. (John Osborne)
‒ A business that makes nothing but money is a poor kind
of business. (Henry Ford)
‒ He that cannot obey, cannot command. (Benjamin Franklin)
‒ I am a part of all that I have met. (Cornelius Tacitus)
‒ There is so much good in the worst of us, and so much bad
in the best of us. (Anonymous)
‒ Style is knowing who you are, what you are, and not giving
a damn. (Gore Vidal)
Task 27. Group work. Making a film.
a) Read the introduction to find out more facts about the history
of customs and smuggling:
There are a lot of fiction books which touch upon the history
of customs and smuggling. Smugglers often became romantic figures,
more respected than the representatives of the law who were trying
to catch them. Wreckers, on the other hand, were frightening figures
who, as their name suggests, caused ships to be destroyed on the rocky
coast. They shone lights out to sea from the rocks, which ships be-
lieved were the lights of the port. When the ships broke up, the wreck-
ers stole the goods that floated to shore. But they didn’t just steal; the
wreckers always made sure that no one stayed alive to report what
happened.
49
b) You have already read the story of Captain Legatt and Officer
Hacon. Now read the extracts from “Jamaica Inn” by Daphne du Mau-
rier.
The central character of this story that takes place at the begin-
ning of the nineteenth century is Mary Yellan, an inexperienced girl
who has lived in the same place for twenty-three years. She is alone
after her mother’s death, and appears a weak, defenseless figure…
Mary is invited by her Aunt Patience to go and live with her and
her husband, Joss Merlyn. Joss is the landlord of Jamaica Inn, a mysterious place standing alone in the wild countryside of Bodmin Moor.
“… ‒ Why is my uncle the landlord of Jamaica Inn?
‒ Well, …it’s a very important place here, on the road. This is
the main road from the south. The coaches pass here twice a week.
There are always travelers on the road. We do good trade here.”
Mary soon discovers that few guests come to stay at the inn, and
respectable people avoid the place completely.
“… It was a dark place, with long passages and unexpected
rooms. There was a separate entrance to the bar at the side of the
house, and though the room was empty now, there was something
heavy in the air…a taste of old tobacco, the smell of drink, warm unclean people crowded on the dark wooden seats. … in the opposite direction from the kitchen was another room, the door of which was
locked. … The house and other buildings formed three sides of the little yard. Beyond this lay the road, a thin white track that stretched
to the horizon, surrounded on each side by the moors, brown and wet
from heavy rains…”
Joss Merlyn is an evil character who tries from the start to rule
Mary’s life as he does her aunt’s.
“… ‒ There will be nights sometimes when you hear wheels on
the road, he said, “ and those wheels will not pass on, but they‘ll stop
50
outside Jamaica Inn. And you’ll hear footsteps in the yard, and voices
beneath your window. When that happens, you’ll stay in bed, Mary
Yellan, and cover your head with the bed clothes. Do you understand?
“ ‒ Yes, uncle.”
“‒ Very well. Now go, and if you ever ask me a question I’ll
break every bone in your body.”
“… She slept. Then, without warning, she was suddenly awake,
sitting up in bed. She listened, hearing nothing at first except the beat-
ing of her own heart, but in a few minutes there came another sound,
from beneath her room this time – the sound of heavy objects being
dragged along the stone floor… Packages and boxes were brought by
the wagons and unloaded in Jamaica Inn. They were now being stored
in the locked room...”
“… the wagons came again. This time they arrived empty, and
were loaded with the last of goods which had been left at the inn the
time before. Mary guessed that this was their way of working. The inn
was used as a store for a few weeks at a time and then, when the op-
portunity came, the wagons set out once more, and the goods were
carried to the river bank and transported to different places from
here…”
“… This was smuggling on a grand scale. … The men working
for Joss Merlyn must be carefully picked, in spite of their wild appear-
ance, and the whole business carefully controlled, or they could never
have escaped the law for so long...”
But Mary refuses to be frightened quite so easily, and is deter-
mined to uncover the secrets of the place.
“… If it were not for Aunt Patience, she would walk out of the
inn now, find her way to the nearest town and give information about
the gang. They would soon be in prison and there would be an end to
the trade…”
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