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Файл:Let’s learn English. Методическое пособие по английскому языку для студентов неязыковых направлений педагогических вузов
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IX. Complete the sentences:
1. The English courses have the most …, … and highly … teachers.
2. The foreign language courses have got the latest … … , such as
language … and … centres.
3. You get the … in English families and hotels.
4. We offer: … English for adults, secretarial courses, … holidays
courses for adults, … English courses for children.
5. You get a lively and … atmosphere for learning English.
X. Answer the following questions:
1. How many languages are there in the world?
2. What is the most important thing to learn in English?
3. Do you think it is possible to learn a foreign language perfectly?
4. Do you agree with the statement that English is everywhere?
5. How long does it take to get a good working knowledge of a
language?
6. How important is it to speak correctly?
7. Do you think that musical people are good at learning pronunci-
ation?
8. What is the best way to learn pronunciation (grammar, vocabu-
lary)?
9. What is the most dif cult (the easiest, the most interesting, the
most boring) aspect of English for you? Why do you think so?
10. Can you think of anything in English that is not important to
learn?
11. Why do some people think that English is dangerous for their
native language?
12. What words which are borrowed from English can we nd in
Russian?
13. From what form do children start learning English?
14. Where can you study English besides schools?
15. Why are linguistic courses good for mastering uent English?
16. Do you prefer British English, American English, or another
kind of English? Why?
XI. Read the dialogue between the participants of the conference “En-
glish is around us” in parts and prepare your own dialogue on the topic:
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Mr. Black: You insist on the idea to use English everywhere if possible: even to substitute some Russian words with English ones.
Mrs. Mock: Yes, you are right. English has become the most used
language in the world. I’d like to point out that nowadays every educated person speaks English uently. All respected companies employ
people only with the English language knowledge.
Mr. Black: We’ve got a bit of problem here, you see. English is not
our native language and we mustn’t drop down our own words. There
are a lot of labels, advertisements, announcements which are given to
us, the Russians, in English. What is the idea of it? I’m sorry to disagree
with you but it’s ridiculous.
Mrs. Mock: Ridiculous? Not in the least. English is an international
language. It is soft and beautiful. Besides this language helps us to be in
the centre of the world’s activity …
Mr. Black: Look, I’m sorry to interrupt you, but English popularity
is dangerous for the purity of the Russian language. I’m sure we even
must eliminate English as the of cial language and save our native one.
Mrs. Mock: I have to say it, but we look at this problem from different points of view. We don’t share our thoughts on the question. That’s
why our further conversation is out of the sense, isn’t it?
Mr. Black: Oh, all right. Let’s go to our colleagues and join them.
1. Write a business letter (not less than 15 sentences) on one of the
following topics (See Appendix 2):
2. The role of English in the modern world. Why learn English?
3. The problem of the English words borrowed into Russian. Is it
good or bad?
4. The problem of teaching English at schools. What school age is
the most appropriate for starting English?
5. My experience in learning English.
6. How are you going to use English in your future work?
THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
Russian educational system is one of the most developed and advanced educational systems in the world. Higher education is under
the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation,
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which is responsible for the accreditation and licensing of higher educational establishments. It also is responsible for developing and
maintaining State Educational Standards. Only accredited higher education establishments have the right to issue state diplomas and degrees.
Russian diplomas and degrees are covered by international agreements
on mutual recognition and validation of educational documents.
There are the following types of higher education establishments in
the Russian Federation.
University is a higher education institution with activities aimed at
developing education, science and culture by performing fundamental
scienti c research and training at the levels of higher, post-higher and
further education within a wide range of Natural Sciences, Humanities
and other directions of science, technology and culture.
Academy is a higher education institution aimed at developing education, science and culture by performing fundamental scienti c research and training at the levels of higher, post-higher and further education, mainly in one speci c area of science, technology and culture.
Institute is an independent higher education institution or a part
(structural unit) of the University, and Academy that applies vocational
educational curricula in speci c areas of science, technology, culture
and is involved in scienti c research.
Academic year starts on the rst of September and ends at the end
of the third term. A term is a study period of 14 – 15 weeks during
which a course is taught. Each term ends with one assessment week
during which students take course tests, present assignment work and
defend course projects. An examination session is one or two week
period set aside each semester for examinations and completion of nal
assessments.
The present system of evaluation of students in Russia has four
grades:
“2” – “unsatisfactory (bad)”;
“3” – “satisfactory”;
“4” – “good”;
“5” – “excellent”.
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There are three levels of higher education:
1. Incomplete higher education lasts within 2 years.
2. Basic higher education (a Bachelor degree) lasts within 4 years.
This is equivalent to the B.Sc. degree in the US or Western Europe.
3. Postgraduate higher education. After graduating from the
Bachelor degree programme students are admitted to enter the Specialist Diploma (1 year) and Master’s degree (2 years) programmes.
Academic degrees: the Candidate Degree (the rst level, equivalent to Ph.D.) and the Doctor Degree (the second, highest level, equiv-
alent to German Habilitand).
Bologna process is the creation of the European Higher Education
Area. The main objectives of the Bologna declaration are to increase
the mobility and employability of European higher education graduates thus ensuring competitiveness of European higher education on the
world scale. The Russian Federation joined Bologna process in 2003.
Basic characteristics of Bologna process:
– 3 cycled system of higher education (Bachelor’s Degree, Master’s
Degree, Doctor’s Degree);
– usage of a credit system (ECTS);
– mobility of students and staff around the European Higher Education Area;
– the joint European Diploma Supplement;
– Quality control of higher education;
– creation of the European Higher Education Area.
THE MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY
There are three types of higher educational institutions: universities, polytechnical institutes and specialized institutes. At all the institutes there are full-time, part-time and external students. Part-time
or evening and correspondence or extra-mural departments are set
up for those who want to combine work and learning. Correspondence
training demands great effort from the external students. Part-time students attend classes in the evening.
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The universities train research workers in the Humanities and in the
Sciences. Teachers are also trained in the universities. The universities
offer a four- or ve-year course of study and have many faculties.
The Moscow State University (MSU), known as the Lomonosov
University, was founded in 1755. The old building of the University
stands in the centre of the city not far from the Kremlin in Mokhovaya
Street. Many famous people studied and graduated from the University. The MSU is considered to be a real Palace of Science in Sparrow
Hills. The different faculties of the University operate in its numerous
buildings. They are the Humanities – philology, history, economics,
philosophy, law and journalism and the natural sciences faculties – of
biology, chemistry, physics etc.
There is a great number of rooms of different kinds, thousands of
laboratories equipped with modern apparatus of advanced design. An
observatory for astronomers is housed in one of the buildings. They
have set up a botanical garden and different experimental plots, a dendrarium and a nursary for the biologists where they carry out various
experiments on changing the nature of plants. The University library
has a special conveyer system so that the students can get a book in
some minutes.
The University’s main building is a 32-storeyed building of 780
feet high. It has some wings of 18 and 12 storeys. The 12-storeyed
wings (and some other buildings) are used as the hostels for students,
post-graduates and some of the teachers. In front of the building there
is an enormous square with shrubs, ower beds, a fountain and a statue
of M. Lomonosov whom the University is named after. The University
provides the best conditions for scienti c research. Research work carried out in its laboratories and its experimental stations helps to solve
the problems on the national economy. The MSU plays an important
part in developing Russian science and culture.
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THE MOSCOW TEACHERS’ TRAINING STATE
UNIVERSITY
The Moscow Teachers’ Training State University is one of the most
popular educational establishments in Russia. Every year a lot of ap-
plicants come to this University seeking for admission. Early in September those who were lucky to pass entrance exams and to be en-
rolled in the rst year get together to be initiated into students. These
are the words addressed to them on this occasion:
“Dear friends. We are happy to have you here at our University.
You have entered it, so rst of all accept my congratulations. I believe
you would like to learn something about the University you are going
to study at. Let me rst tell you a few words about its history. The
Moscow Teachers’ Training State University is one of the oldest higher educational institutions of our country. Its history dates back from
November 1, 1872 when the Moscow Higher Women’s Courses were
organized and it was the beginning of higher education for women.
Many well-known progressive scientists lectured there. They were
Sternberg, Schmidt, Timiryazev, Reformatsky, Fortunatov, Vernadsky,
Sechenov and others. The courses gave our country 20,000 talented
women-teachers. After the Revolution (October, 16 1918) the Courses
were transformed into the Second Moscow State University and later
(in 1921) a new faculty appeared – the Pedagogical faculty.
In April 1930 the pedagogical faculty was reorganized into the Moscow State Teachers’ Training Institute which became the greatest sci-
enti c centre of methodical and pedagogical activities in the Soviet
Union. You know that our University was named after V.I. Lenin not
only because the great leader made a speech in its main building but
also for the merits in preparing teachers. For the great contribution to
the eld of education the Institute was awarded two orders.
On the rst of August in 1990 the Moscow State Pedagogical Institute became the Moscow Teachers’ Training State University, and in
February of 2015 it was decided that our University was going to be
united with the Moscow Sholokhov State Humanitarian University.
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Now a few words about the course of training, faculties and other
things the rst-year students are usually interested in. There are 8 departments (institutions) and 4 faculties in our University which train
more than 14000 students of day and evening departments in many
different specialities. Our Institute trains teachers for primary and sec-
ondary schools in different subjects: physics, mathematics, history, the
Russian language and literature, geography, biology, drawing, music
and so on. It also trains teachers for nursery and boarding schools and
special schools for handicapped children.
The curriculum consists of the subjects the students specialize in,
social subjects and physical training. Professional training includes
educational subjects – psychology, history of education and pedagogics. All the students study foreign languages. Students are to attend
different lectures and seminars. Student’s practical work is given much
attention to at our Institute and students give lessons at primary and
secondary schools and work in different children and youth centres.
There is also a students’ research society at the University stimulating
their creative thinking and scienti c work.
The University course lasts four or ve years. An academic year is
divided into three terms each ending in an examination session. Those
who pass the exams successfully get a scholarship. On graduating the
students receive diplomas which give them the right to teach at school.
Well, I suppose, this is brie y what you should know about the Institute
now. I hope you’ll enjoy studying here and let me wish you success in
all your activities”.
Vocabulary exercises:
I. Read the new words and combinations:
To last, founded, to train, worked, carried, graduated, asked, misses,
external, student, a department, correspondence, to develop, to equip,
research, to solve, storey, nursery, to demand.
II. Translate into Russian:
Higher educational institutions, a lot of applicants, to seek for admission, to date back from, to lecture, to appear, a scienti c centre of
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methodical and pedagogical activities, to make a speech, to commemorate the event, to have the merits in preparing teachers, to estimate the
merits, in the eld of education, the rst-year students, to be interested
in smth., to attend lectures and seminars, to give much attention to smb.
(smth.), a students’ research society, to get a scholarship, to give the
right to teach, on graduating, in brief, to share a room, to have little
time left, plenty of time, as for me, to look up the timetable, to fail in
English, to idle away the time, to have a credit-test in a subject.
III. Give the English equivalents to:
МПГУ, учебное заведение, абитуриент, поступать в институт,
студент дневного отделения, готовить учителей для начальных и
средних школ, специализироваться по предмету, естественнонаучные дисциплины, гуманитарные дисциплины, иностранный язык,
студент вечернего отделения, длиться, защищать дипломную работу, оканчивать институт, получать высшее образование, программа
обучения, включать, известный ученый, посещать лекции, получать стипендию, сдавать экзамен по истории, пропускать лекции,
сдавать зачет по английскому языку, на занятиях, проваливаться
на вступительных экзаменах, быть студентом 2 курса, награждать.
IV. Translate into Russian:
1. All people in our country have equal rights to enter higher educa-
tional establishments.
2. My dream is to work with small pre-school children, that’s why I
have graduated from the Teachers’ Training Institute and now I would
like to work in a nursery school.
3. The curriculum in this secondary school includes lessons of English 5 times a week because this is a specialized school with intensive
teaching of English.
4. I think it’s (high) time to go to the Institute, we have little time left.
5. What classes do we have today? – According to the time-table we
are going to have a lecture in history of education, a seminar in linguistics and a credit-test in English.
V. Choose the right word:
1. Each faculty has a … society where students can work on some
themes they … … .
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2. Many young people in our country after nishing school continue
their … in different … … .
3. … of this faculty is very interesting. It … … different subjects
such as psychology, linguistics, history of education and others.
4. What is your future …? What … do you study?
5. The Moscow State University is … … M. Lomonosov, who is the
founder of it.
6. If you want to study well, don’t … classes. Those who … all lec-
tures and seminars don’t … at the exams.
7. Do you get …? Unfortunately not, I couldn’t … my exam in lit-
erature.
8. This student must … … … his pronunciation, his sounds are not
good.
9. When will you … … the Institute? Next year in spring I am going
… my nal … . Now I am in my 4th year.
10. My daughter will take only one … … because she has been
awarded a golden medal at school.
VI. Find the synonyms in parts A and B:
A) to train, to give attention to smb., a profession, a curriculum, to
name, a faculty, to teach, to last, scienti c;
B) a course of study, to continue, to prepare, a speciality, to call, to
educate, to pay attention to smb., a department, research.
VII. Translate the following sentences into English paying attention
to the new words and expressions:
1. Каждый год большое количество абитуриентов поступает в
Московский педагогический государственный университет – одно
из известных учебных заведений в России.
2. В настоящее время в МПГУ 8 институтов и 4 факультета, которые готовят студентов дневного и вечернего отделений по различным специальностям и направлениям: преподаватели физики,
математики, химии, биологии, истории, русского языка и литературы, иностранных языков, географии, рисования, пения.
3. Университет готовит учителей для начальных и средних
школ, для дошкольных учреждений и школ-интернатов.
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4. Программа обучения состоит из специальных предметов, об-
щественных дисциплин и общеобразовательных предметов.
5. Большое внимание в институте уделяется практической работе студентов в детских оздоровительных центрах (загородных
лагерях отдыха).
6. Курс обучения длится в основном 5 лет. Чтобы получить степень магистра, необходимо закончить двухлетний курс обучения
после получения степени бакалавра, которая предполагает 4 года
учебы в данном вузе.
7. Учебный год делится на 3 триместра, а в конце каждого триместра студенты сдают зачеты и экзамены по различным предметам.
8. Те, кто сдает зачеты и экзамены успешно, получают академическую стипендию.
VIII. What is the English for:
1. На нашем факультете есть студенческое научно-исследовательское общество, в котором занимается много студентов дневного отделения.
2. Какие предметы вы изучаете? – Мы занимаемся специальными предметами, общественными дисциплинами, иностранным
языком и физкультурой. – А чем вы особенно интересуетесь? –
Мне нравятся занятия по педагогике.
3. По какому предмету вы специализируетесь?
4. Моя будущая специальность – преподаватель русского языка
и литературы. Сейчас я учусь на первом курсе.
5. Уделяйте больше внимания методике преподавания, не пропускайте практические занятия, которые студенты дают в школах.
6. Музей изобразительных искусств в Москве носит имя А.С.
Пушкина.
7. В июле абитуриенты подают документы в различные высшие
учебные заведения страны, чтобы быть зачисленными на первый
курс выбранного направления или специальности.
8. Этот человек – выпускник педагогического института. Он
окончил институт в прошлом году и теперь работает в школе-интернате.
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