Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English for Chemical Engineers (Английский язык для инженеров-химиков). Учебное пособие
.pdf
Unit 12
A
1. to make a presentation
2. to deliver a presentation
3. to get across to smb.
4. written report
5. multi-media tool
6. to be on smb.'s side
7. to catch smb.'s attention
8. bow tie
9. feed back
10. great success
11. inside out
12. speech pattern
13. memory
14. on the shoulders
15. key points
16. standing ovation
B
a) быть на чье-либо стороне
b) завладеть чьим-либо
вниманием
c) выступать с докладом
d) галстук-бабочка
e) ключевые моменты
f) обратная связь
g) большой успех
h) проводить презентацию
i) память
j) мультимедийное средство
k) манера говорения
l) письменный доклад
m) на плечах
n) изнутри
o) бурная овация
PRESENTATION SKILLS
1. Read and translate the international words
Presentation, positive, effective, front, multi-media, decade, humor,
anonymous, microphone, rapport, total, shock, reaction, natural, interesting,
speaker, ovation.
2. Read and translate the verbs
To explore, to deliver, to take into consideration, to ensure, to remember, to
trust, to create, to take out, to catch attention, to inject, to leave out, to
speak, to follow, to leave, to invite, to make sure, to ruin, to carry around
on.
3. Match the English word combinations in column A to their Russian
equivalents in column B
91
4. Read and translate
Making presentations is not an easy task. Here we will explore some
important points to take into consideration before delivering a presentation.
They may well ensure that your presentation will be remembered positively
by your audience and your message will have gotten across to them
effectively.
Step1. The presentation that you are going to make may be on a
subject that you know inside out. Never trust your memory. Create a
written report to be distributed to the attendees. From this report take out
the key points of your presentation and have them in front of you at all
times. The greatest aid that you can have in making a successful
presentation is a multi-media tool. Microsoft's Power Point has been
helping people to make riveting presentations for the last decade.
Step 2. Remember, in most cases, your audience will be on your side.
Look people in the eyes, catch their attention early on in the presentation.
Inject a suitable level of humor. Dress moderately but don't be too
anonymous. Leave out the rotating bow tie! Moderate your speech patterns
to emphasize your points. Speak clearly but not too loudly. Remember you
have a microphone, and it is there to help you be heard.
Step 3: Try and get some feed back from your audience. Let's say that
things are going well for you. You feel that the audience is following your
presentation with great rapport. Is that because they are totally silent?
Maybe they are asleep. Maybe they are in shock. Maybe they have left the
building. Try and get some form of feed back. Invite a question at some
point, and try to get a reaction.
Step 4: Know when you have said enough. If you have prepared your
presentation properly, it will have a beginning, middle and an end. Make
the ending interesting, cover your main points, and leave your audience
wanting just a little bit more. Many a good presentation has been ruined by
the speaker going on too long and over emphasizing points. If you find
yourself getting a standing ovation, or even being carried around on the
shoulders of members of the audience, then you will know that your
presentation has been a great success. And that all the preparation was
worth it.
http://www.wikihow.com/Deliver-Effective-Presentations
92
5. Decide whether the statements below are true or false according to
the information in exercise 4
1. When you start your presentation, the audience will immediately form
an impression of you.
2. It is not necessary to speak clearly and loudly to catch audience
attention.
3. The presentation isn’t based on the speaker’s appearance and manners.
4. Eye contact is not the best way to communicate information.
5. You don’t need any plan for your presentation. It shouldn’t be clearly
structured.
6. You should be prepared for the questions concerning the problem of
your presentation.
7. Make sure that you explain clearly and the audience understands you.
6. Read the text
Сократ когда-то пошутил: «Структура публичной речи проста:
сначала скажи, что ты собираешься сказать, затем скажи это, затем
поясни, что ты сейчас сказал». В структуре любой презентации или
устного доклада присутствуют три основные части:
1. Вступление (введение в тему, основная цель).
2. Основная часть (развитие темы).
3. Заключение (финал, резюме, выводы и рекомендации).
Во время выступления следует сосредоточиться на двух
моментах: ЧТО вы говорите и КАК вы говорите. Проводя
презентацию, вы стремитесь не только передать информацию
слушателям, но и убедить их принять ваше предложение, продукт,
услугу, новый проект, особый метод работы. Для этого выступление
должно быть не только содержательным, но и увлекательным.
Презентация не лекция! Она занимает от 3 до 15 минут.
Подготовка – включает в себя анализ аудитории и четкую постановку
цели. Необходимо продумать порядок изложения презентации и найти
возможные средства визуальной поддержки. Это будет
способствовать лучшему восприятию предлагаемой информации
аудиторией.
Правило повторения три раза: то, что аудитория должна, по
вашему мнению, запомнить – повторяется три раза в структуре
любого выступления. Но помните: эти повторения не должны быть
заезженной пластинкой.
http://www.personal-trening.com/node/1642
93
7. Read and translate
All types of presentations consist of three basic parts: the introduction,
the body, and the conclusion. In general, the introduction should be about
10-15% of your speaking time, the body around 75%, and the conclusion
only 10%. The old adage is that in the introduction you tell them what you
will tell them; in the body you tell them; and in the conclusion you tell
them what you told them. Let’s look at each part more in depth.
The introduction is the most important part of your presentation as it
sets the tone for the entire presentation. Its primary purpose is to capture
the attention of the audience, usually within the first 15 seconds. The best
introductions are those that are creative and original, so use your
imagination! In this part you need to introduce yourself, usually just with
your name, your organization. Finally, you need to state what your
presentation will be about including the major points you will cover. In
some cases you might want to include why you selected this topic or what
you hope the audience will learn.
The body is the main part of your presentation. This is where you
explain your topic and where all your information is presented. The
organization of the body is critical because the audience needs to be able to
follow what you are saying. A demonstration is the easiest to organize
because you can simply go through the steps in order. The audience must
know what is being done, how it’s being done, and why it’s being done.
Illustrated talks or speeches are usually organized by arranging major
points and discussing them. You should limit these major points to three to
five. Arrange your points in a logical order and then give information to
support each point.
No matter how you organize the body of your presentation, you must have
clear transitions from point to point or step to step. There are many ways
you can help the audience identify these transitions. Count on your fingers,
step 1, step 2, etc. Use transition words such as then, next, finally, or one
reason, another reason, or first, second, third. Pauses are a good way to
emphasize transitions. Movement can also indicate a transition. Try
changing your position in front of the audience or switching posters.
Your conclusion should be short and concise. It should summarize or
highlight the main points you made or emphasize what the audience should
have learned. After your conclusion, you need to state your sources of
information. These could include books, magazine articles, or interviews
with people.
94
Last, you need to ask for questions. Be sure that you repeat each
question before you give an answer. Not only does this ensure everyone
hears the question, but it gives you the chance to make sure you understood
the question.
http://oregon.4h.oregonstate.edu/sites/default/files/Parts_of_a_Presentation.pdf
8. Place the following expressions in the appropriate column in the
table below
1. If you have any questions, I’ll be happy to answer them.
2. Let’s summarize the main points again.
3. I’d like to report on my study into oil production.
4. In conclusion, I’d like to thank the audience.
5. I’d like to turn to something completely different.
6. Could you come back to point 2 again?
7. I’m sorry but I don’t have that information to hand.
8. The presentation is not going to take long.
9. I’m glad you asked this question.
10. If you don’t mind we’ll leave questions to the end.
11. Dear ladies and gentlemen, let me introduce myself.
12. I think I’m not the right person to answer your question.
13. If you look at the diagram you can see interesting things.
14. We will come back to this point later.
15. Let’s move on to the next point of my presentation.
16. There is a couple of points I’d like to add.
17. Could you speak up, please?
18. I will quickly recap the main points of my presentation.
19. I don’t share your opinion on this question.
20. Feel free to ask any questions.
21. I’d like to tell you about our new distillation column.
22. I can’t but agree with you.
23. Let’s turn now to our plans for next year.
24. Unfortunately, I’m already short of time.
25. I’m going to talk to you about the results of our survey.
26. The goal is to show you how to put theory into practice.
27. Let’s take a look at what we have achieved so far.
28. If I could summarize a few points from John’s report.
29. I’d like to turn your attention to this question.
95
Parts of presentation
Introducing
yourself
Preparing the
audience
Delivering the
message
Winding-up
(Conclusion)
9. Complete the statements in column A with the appropriate ends in
A
B
1.
I don’t see…
a.
I can’t answer that…
2.
Can I get back to you…?
b.
to comment on that…
3.
I’m not in a position…
c.
about that?
4.
I’m afraid…
d.
a very different issue.
5.
I’m sorry…
e.
the connection.
6.
I think that is…
f.
catch that.
7.
I’m sorry, but I didn’t…
g.
I don’t follow you.
8.
I see things…
h.
rather differently.
9.
I’d like to move on…
i.
to my previous point.
10.
Going back…
j.
for a moment.
11.
I’d like to digress here…
k.
to the next point.
12.
So, just to give you…
l.
questions, we can stop there.
13.
This brings me…
m.
when I have finished.
14.
I would like to give you…
n.
the main points.
15.
Perhaps we can talk about it…
o.
to the end of the presentation.
16.
Can you give us…?
p.
to make it quite clear.
17.
If there are no more…
q.
a brief overview of the subject.
18.
Let me rephrase that…
r.
an example to illustrate that?
column B.
96
10. Read and translate
1. Давайте подведем итоги доклада.
2. В заключение хочу сказать спасибо всем участникам.
3. Презентация не займет много времени.
4. Не могли бы вы повторить пункт 2 еще раз?
5. К сожалению, я не располагаю данной информацией.
6. Уважаемые дамы и господа, позвольте представиться.
7. Я бы хотел еще раз подвести итог презентации.
8. Я бы хотел добавить еще несколько моментов.
9. К сожалению, я не могу ответить на Ваш вопрос.
10. Я не разделяю вашу точку зрения по данному вопросу.
11. Не могу не согласиться с Вами.
12. Далее я хотел бы перейти к планам на следующий год.
13. Я представлю Вам результаты нашего исследования.
14. К сожалению, у нас осталось совсем мало времени.
15. Я бы хотел обратить Ваше внимание на этот вопрос.
11. Create a presentation following the requirements
Презентация должна быть выполнена в программе PowerPoint.
Презентационная работа должна содержать описание
технологического процесса химического производства
соответствующего вашему направлению подготовки. При описании
технологических схем, оборудования и процессов необходимо
показать хороший уровень владения английским языком, основываясь
на лексике уроков данного учебного пособия.
Первый слайд презентации должен содержать название, авторов,
должность, место работы или учебы автора.
Второй слайд должен содержать краткую информацию о месте
вашей работы или учебы.
Третий слайд презентации должен содержать основные пункты
(план) всего доклада.
Последующие слайды могут содержать рисунки, фотографии,
текстовую информацию.
Заключительный слайд должен содержать выводы по
проделанной работе.
97
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_elements
Chemical element
Definition
H
Hydrogen
composed of the Greek elements hydro- and gen meaning 'water-forming'
He
Helium
the Greek helios, 'sun'
Li
Lithium
the Greek lithos, 'stone'
Be
Beryllium
beryl, a mineral
B
Boron
borax, a mineral
C
Carbon
the Latin carbo, 'charcoal'
N
Nitrogen
the Greek nitron and '-gen' meaning 'niter-forming'
O
Oxygen
from the Greek oxy-, both 'sharp' and 'acid', and gen, meaning 'acid-forming'
F
Fluorine
the Latin fluere, 'to flow'
Ne
Neon
the Greek neos, meaning 'new'
Na
Sodium
the English word soda (natrium in Latin)
[3]
Mg
Magnesium
Magnesia, a district of Eastern Thessaly in Greece
Al
Aluminium
from alumina, a compound (originally aluminum)
Si
Silicon
from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium)
P
Phosphorus
the Greek phoosphoros, 'carrying light'
S
Sulfur
Latin sulphur, 'sulfur'
Cl
Chlorine
the Greek chloros, 'greenish yellow'
Ar
Argon
the Greek argos, 'idle'
K
Potassium
New Latin potassa, 'potash' (kalium in Latin)
[3]
Ca
Calcium
the Latin calx, 'lime'
Sc
Scandium
Scandia, the Latin name for Scandinavia
Ti
Titanium
Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek
mythology
Appendix
98
99
V
Vanadium
Vanadis, an old Norse name for the Scandinavian
goddess Freyja
Cr
Chromium
the Greek chroma, 'color'
Mn
Manganese
corrupted from magnesia negra, see Magnesium
Fe
Iron
English word (ferrum in Latin)
Co
Cobalt
the German word Kobold, 'goblin'
Ni
Nickel
from Swedish kopparnickel, containing
the German word Nickel, 'goblin'
Cu
Copper
English word (Latin cuprum)
Zn
Zinc
the German Zink
Ga
Gallium
Gallia, the Latin name for France
Ge
Germanium
Germania, the Latin name for Germany
As
Arsenic
English word (Latin arsenicum)
Se
Selenium
the Greek selene, 'moon'
Br
Bromine
the Greek bromos, 'stench'
Kr
Krypton
the Greek kryptos, 'hidden'
Rb
Rubidium
the Latin rubidus, 'deep red'
Sr
Strontium
Strontian, a small town in Scotland
Y
Yttrium
Ytterby, Sweden
Zr
Zirconium
German Zirkoon, 'jargoon'
Nb
Niobium
Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus from Greek
mythology
Mo
Molybdenum
the Greek molybdos meaning 'lead'
Tc
Technetium
the Greek tekhnètos meaning 'artificial'
Ru
Ruthenium
Ruthenia, the New Latin name for Russia
Rh
Rhodium
the Greek rhodos, meaning 'rose coloured'
Pd
Palladium
the then recently discovered asteroid Pallas,
considered a planet at the time
100
Ag
Silver
English word (argentum in Latin)
[3]
Cd
Cadmium
the New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos
In
Indium
indigo
Sn
Tin
English word (stannum in Latin)
Sb
Antimony
composed from the Greek anti, 'against', and monos,
'alone' (stibium in Latin)
Te
Tellurium
Latin tellus, 'earth'
I
Iodine
French iode (after the Greek ioeides, 'violet')
Xe
Xenon
the Greek xenos, 'strange'
Cs
Caesium
the Latin caesius, 'sky blue'
Ba
Barium
the Greek barys, 'heavy'
La
Lanthanum
the Greek lanthanein, 'to lie hidden'
Ce
Cerium
the then recently discovered asteroid Ceres,
considered a planet at the time
Pr
Praseodymium
the Greek praseios didymos meaning 'green twin'
Nd
Neodymium
the Greek neos didymos meaning 'new twin'
Pm
Promethium
Prometheus of Greek mythology who stole fire from
the Gods and gave it to humans
Sm
Samarium
Samarskite, the name of the mineral from which it
was first isolated
Eu
Europium
Europe
Gd
Gadolinium
Johan Gadolin, chemist, physicist and mineralogist
Tb
Terbium
Ytterby, Sweden
Dy
Dysprosium
the Greek dysprositos, 'hard to get'
Ho
Holmium
Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm
Er
Erbium
Ytterby, Sweden
Tm
Thulium
Thule, the ancient name for Scandinavia
Yb
Ytterbium
Ytterby, Sweden
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]