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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5512_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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- •Foreword
- •Preface to the Fourth Edition
- •Preface to the Third Edition
- •Contributors
- •Commonly Used Abbreviations in Medical Laboratories
- •Contents
- •19. Introduction to Diagnostic Microbiology
- •Role of Microbiology Laboratory
- •Laboratory Culture
- •20. Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria
- •Specific Bacteria
- •Review Questions
- •22. Laboratory Diagnosis of Parasitic Infections
- •Review Questions
- •Morphology and Life Cycles of Human Parasites
- •23. Introduction to Immunology and Principles of Serodiagnosis
- •Review Questions
- •Additional Serodiagnosis Kits
- •Infectious Mononucleosis and Monospot Test
- •Review Questions
- •25. Urine Analysis
- •Review Questions
- •26. Laboratory Examination of Miscellaneous Body Fluids
- •Gastric Juice
- •Review Questions
- •27. Semen Analysis
- •Review Questions
- •28. Stool Examination
- •Review Questions
- •Molecular Pathology
- •Index

e Anais
Js21
Procedure
Examination of Urine Sediment
sediment.
wet mount
Clinical Signcance
Increased leukocytes renal infection.
renal
disorders
(S. hematobium),
Procedure

a22 I
(a)
FIGURE 25.8

8. Search the whole area of the coverslip with the low-power objective. Adjust the light
so that it is subdued and the sediment can be more clearly seen. Adjust the ne focus
continuously up and down to see elements at various levels in the urine. This gives a
general impression of the sediment.
9. Switch to the high-dry objective to identify all the constituents. Sometimes amazing
structures are seen as artefacts or contaminants under the microscope. They have no
clinical signicance.
10. Count the various formed elements of clinical signicance seen in about 10 elds and re
port the average number in each low-power eld (recommended) or high-power eld.
The most important structures include casts, pus cells, erythrocytes and epithelial cells.
Note any other element present. Identify the formed element by referring to the gures
provided below (Figures 25.9 and 25.10).
Js23
\
I
(c)
(g)
,{.-�
.
I�
FIGURE 25.9
Quality Control
Attempts are made to make results of urinalysis standardized. The following steps are
recommended in obtaining reproducible results:
• Use 10 mL of well-mixed urine specimen for preparing the sediment.

�
0 .
FIGURE 25.10

e Anais
HP,
Trichomonas),
Dipstick chemistry
+
+
+
+
+
Physical
Microscopic
-
-
Identcation of Microscopic Elements in Urine Sediment
Trichomonas vaginalis
Cellular Elements
Red blood cells
haematuria)

a26 I
haemoglobinuria.
Medical Laborato Technology: Volume 2
White blood cells
pyuria),
Epithelial cells
casts.
proteinuria.
granular casts
(erythrocyte cast), (leukocyte casts) (epithelial
casts).

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Js21
Cstals

828 I
Medical Laborato Technology: Volume 2
Uric acid
Uric
acid crystals
Amorphous urates
Phosphate crystals
con-lids. Amorphous phosphates
Calcium phosphate
Calcium carbonate
Ammonium biurate crystals

Js29
Other Substances in Urine Sediment
Rid Chemical Tes
Multitest Reagent Strips (Figure 25.11)
Procedure
□
@
FIGURE 25.11
Reagent Strip Readers

a30 I
Medical Laborato Technology: Volume 2
Precautions of Handling Test Strips
If
Specimen for Reagent Strip Test
If
If
Note
Quality Control and Reference Values
List of Commonly Requested Tests
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