Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 1 курс. Учебное пособие

Module 1. Relationships. Fitting in

In addition to the above, authoritarian parenting doesn’t appear to instill lasting lessons; as soon as the parent leaves, the child will often act out. They’ll also often seek guidance from someone other than their parent.

Authoritative

This is generally regarded to be the best parenting style as it provides a balance between structure and independence, allowing a child to grow within reasonable boundaries and explore their abilities. Parents using this style will set strict standard which they expect their children to abide but also support them by providing an emotionally caring environment that fosters trust. This style can be described as “tough but fair” or “firm but nurturing.” A child has room to make mistakes and the freedom to make them without judgement within a structure that provides guidance.

Baumrind described authoritative parents like this: They are assertive, but not intrusive and restrictive. Their disciplinary methods are supportive, rather than punitive. They want their children to be assertive as well as socially responsible and self-regulated as well as cooperative.

This style can help children:

Gain self-assurance Handle responsibility

Figure out how to overcome difficulties Become confident in their own judgement

Permissive

The extreme opposite of the authoritarian parenting style, permissive parents let their children do what they want and don’t implement rules or structure that might make disappoint or upset the child. Descriptions of this style often have the parent trying to act moreasapeerorfriendtotheirchild,givingintotheirwantsalmost immediately.Thiscanbetheresultofthatparentgrowingupwithan authoritarianparentingstyleintheirownhouseholdandnotwanting to put their child through it. Being responsive to your child’s needs is great,butthe lackofstructure andlimitscanhave negativeaffects long-term. “You end up with either a child who’s entitled or incredibly anxious because there’s no one running the ship,” Schafer said.

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 1 курс

Other negative consequences of overly permissive parenting can include:

Developing poor emotional control

Being overly rebellious and defiant when the child doesn’t get their way

Giving up when faced with challenges

Engaging in harmful antisocial behavior, like drug and alcohol abuse

Neglectful

Parents who are neglectful, as the category would imply, do not interact much with their children at all. The children are given no rules, structure, or affection and are left largely to fend for themselves. This parenting style, especially when taken to the extreme, can put children in danger and lead to them being removed from the home. This style can also be called “uninvolved parenting.”

Neglectful parents don’t converse or interact with their children much, don’t attend their children’s activities or events and don’t strive for any kind of emotional connection. Even if not physically damaging, the psychological aftermath of this parenting style is serious and can lead to children:

Becoming depressed

Struggling to form close relationships Having failed relationships

Lashing out through delinquent or hostile behavior Cutting themselves off from others

“Neglectful parents . . . raise kids who have attachment difficulties because the bond between child and parent is so fleeting,” said Fran Walfish, a child, parenting and relationship psychotherapist.

Материалывзятыссайтаhttps://jessup.edu/blog/academic-suc- cess/the-psychology-behind-different-types-of-parenting-styles/

Questions:

1.What do researchers mean when they talk about “parenting style”?

2.How do you call parents:

— who offer their children little emotional support and fail to enforce standards of conduct;

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Module 1. Relationships. Fitting in

—who are responsive and warm but also reluctant to enforce

rules;

—who expect their orders to be obeyed without question and who rely on punishment to control their kids;

—whoencouragekidstoberesponsible,tothinkforthemselves, and to consider the reasons for rules.

3. Do you think parents follow a specific style? What makes them do this?

4. Is it possible for a parent to combine more than one style, or not to follow any particular style?

5. What if two parents disagree, and adopt different parenting styles?

6. Can parenting style predetermine kid’s life to some extend?

Task 12

Skim through the text again and highlight the main ideas of the text. Express at least 3 ideas in the form of statements.

For example: “Parenting style influences the children’s future life”.

Discuss your statements with your partner and choose 3 main ideas expressed in the text with which you personally agree.

Task 13

Parenting is the process of raising children and providing them with protection and care so that they can develop normally. Researchersdistinguishdifferenttypesofparentingrangingfromovercontrolling to undemanding. Watch the video about parenting styles and be ready to discuss pros and cons of authoritative, permissive, authoritarian, neglectful, and over-involved parenting styles.

https://www.youtube.com/embed/fyO8pvpnTdE?feature=oembed

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 1 курс

Task 14

Listen to the recording and answer the questions.

1.How did your relationship with your siblings shape you as a person?

2.Do you believe that siblings are often overlooked in comparison to other family relationships?

3.Have you ever felt the need to compete with your siblings for attention or approval?

4.How do you think favoritism among parents affects sibling relationships?

5.In what ways do you think sibling relationships differ from other family relationships?

https://www.ted.com/talks/jeffrey_kluger_the_sibling_bond?re- ferrer=playlist-what_does_family_mean&autoplay=true

Task 15

a) Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps with a word or a short phrase that you hear in the recording.:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aFBIPO-P7LM

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Module 1. Relationships. Fitting in

1.I open my new book, “The _______ Effect”, on a Saturday morning, not long before this picture was taken, when the three older brothers decided that it might be a very good idea to lock the younger brother in a fuse cabinet in our playroom.

2.And he would react to being disturbed on a Saturday morning by stalking into the playroom and administer in a very freewheeling form of a _______ punishment, lashing out at whoever was within his arms’reach.

3.Wefeltmuchstrongerthatwaythanweevercouldas_______.

4.It’s not parents’fault that they harbor feelings of _______.

5.The most common favorite for a mother is the _______ son.

6.There is a certain _______ narcissism at work.

7.All of this explains why firstborns are likelier to be _______, they are likelier to be _______, they are likelier to be _______, and they are likelier to earn more than other kids are.

8.But the upside for _______ borns is that they also tend to develop denser and richer relationships outside the home.

9.Dad has a relationship with childAand B. There’s the ______

relationship, and there is the relationship between the kids themselves.

10.Buthavingsiblingsandnotmakingthemostofthose______

is, I believe, folly of the first order. If relationships are ______ and are ______ , fix them.

b) Listen to the recording and choose the correct answer:

1. Which of the following best explains the primary challenge faced by Elliot Roosevelt, the younger brother of President Theodore Roosevelt?

A. Elliot struggled with addiction and mental health issues throughout his life.

B. Elliot felt immense pressure to live up to the success and legacy of his famous brother.

C. Elliot was bitter about the preferential treatment his brother received from their parents.

D. Elliot’s untimely death at the age of 34 was the root cause of his difficulties.

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 1 курс

2. What can be inferred about the author’s relationship with his younger brother, Bruce, based on the anecdote about the fuse cabinet incident?

A. The author and his siblings were genuinely concerned for Bruce’s safety and devised the hiding spot as a protective measure.

B. Theauthorandhissiblingsplayedacruelprankontheyounger Bruce, using deception to confine him in a dangerous location.

C. The author and his siblings had a playful and mischievous dynamic, but their father’s volatile temper made these games risky.

D. The author now regrets the decision to lock Bruce in the fuse cabinet, recognizing the potential danger of their actions.

3. How do the author’s personal experiences with his siblings shape his perspective on the significance of sibling relationships?

A. The author views sibling relationships as a source of lifelong support and unconditional love, despite the challenges.

B. The author believes that sibling relationships can be primarily defined by competition, jealousy, and a desire to distance oneself.

C. The author recognizes the profound impact that sibling relationships can have on an individual’s identity and personal development.

D. The author considers sibling relationships to be a secondary influence compared to the impact of parental relationships.

4. What is the primary strategy employed by black eagles when raising their chicks?

A. They allow all their chicks to hatch and then let the stronger ones fight and kill the weaker ones.

B. They distribute their resources equally among all their chicks. C. They carefully select the healthiest chick and focus their at-

tention on raising it.

D. They discard the smaller chicks immediately after they hatch.

5. According to the passage, how do human siblings typically attempt to stand out within their families?

A. They strive to emulate one another’s accomplishments. B. They cultivate distinct talents and identities to garner unique

parental attention.

C. They openly compete with one another for their parents’ affection.

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D. They adopt a collaborative approach to jointly impress their parents.

Task 16

a) Listen to the recording and fill in the gaps with a word or a short phrase that you hear in the recording.:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpCyiyNqzlE

Shannon discovers she is adopted and decides to find her

_______________.

Families can be made up of _______________. The primary role of a family is to _______________.

Different family structures include _______________. Blended families are formed when _______________. Children may be raised by _______________.

Families can be diverse in terms of _______________.

b) Watch the video and define which statements are true and which are false:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hpCyiyNqzlE

1.The primary role of a family is to compete with each other.

2.Nuclear families consist of one parent and their children.

3.Single-parent families consist of one parent and their children.

4.Families, no matter the structure, are all the same.

5.Young people never create chosen families.

Task 17

Read the text and answer the questions.

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 1 курс

AGE GAPAND GENERATIONSYAND Z

Millennials have undergone a notable transformation in recent years and have transitioned into their “adulting” era, shedding previous unfavorable stereotypes and taking on roles as managers, parents, and homeowners.

As they approach their 40s, it’s important to delve into the characteristics that define this generation in order to better understand them and effectively engage with them.

Millennials, born between the early 1980s and the mid-1990s, are currently aged between 27—40. Here are some key characteristics that define them:

1.Influenceintheworkplace:Thereisasignificantpresenceof millennials in the workplace, with 79 % employed full-time, marking a 32 % increase since 2015. Furthermore, over 1 in 4 millennials hold management roles.

2.Confidence with technology: Millennials are comfortable

and confident in their use of technology, which significantly influences how they engage with the world around them.

3. Caution about personal data: They are mindful and cautious about the security and privacy of their personal data, making data protection a significant concern for this generation.

4. Quiet optimism about the environment: Millennials often carry a sense of optimism about the environment and are motivated to make a positive impact in this area.

5.Avid savers:This generation is keen on financial planning and saving for the future, displaying a proactive approach toward financial management.

6.Lovefortravel:Millennialshaveastronginclinationtowards exploring new destinations and experiencing diverse cultures through travel.

7.Nostalgia: They have a sense of nostalgia for the past and

often appreciate experiences and products that invoke a feeling of nostalgia.

8. Competitive spirit: Millennials possess a competitive nature, driving them to strive for success in personal and professional endeavors.

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9. Obsession with podcasts: This generation has shown a keen interest in podcasts, using them as a source of entertainment and valuable information.

As millennials navigate major life events such as parenthood and homeownership, brands can seize the opportunity to align with their new priorities and explore innovative channels to reach them effectively.

The emerging Generation Z exhibits distinct characteristics that are essential for employers and leaders to understand in order to effectively engage with them:

1. Digital Integration: Gen Z seamlessly incorporates technology into all aspects of their lives, having grown up using it from a very young age.

2. Global Awareness: This generation is the first to truly experience a globalized world, as they are exposed to global music, movies, celebrities, and cultural trends through technology and globalization.

3. Social Connectivity: Gen Z is heavily influenced and shaped by their extensive network of peers, facilitated by constant connectivity through social media platforms. However, this can also expose them to negative impacts such as cyberbullying.

4.Mobile Lifestyle: Gen Z is not only mobile in terms of their technology usage, but also in terms of frequently changing homes, jobs, and careers. They are expected to have numerous jobs across different career fields.

5.Visual Orientation: This generation is inclined to consume information through visual mediums, such as watching videos

rather than reading articles.

In addition, Generation Alpha, born since 2010, represents the children of Millennials.They are characterized as “digital natives”, being the most technologically literate and materially endowed generation,expectedtofullyexperiencethe21st andeven22nd centuries.

Questions:

1.DoyoubelieveyouareatruerepresentativeofGenZ?Doyou see traits of Gen Z in yourself? What are they?

2.What are the differences between generationsYand Z?

3.What is a generation gap? Why does it exist?

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Практический курс первого иностранного языка. 1 курс

4. Have you ever faced challenges concerning age gap? What were they? How can you avoid it?

Task 18

Translate the words. Put them in your dictionary.

destinations and experiencing diverse cultures through travel Incorporates technology into all aspects of their lives

Influence in the workplace

Is inclined to consume information through visual mediums

Millennials

Mindful and cautious about the security and privacy of their personal data

Nostalgia for the past

Personalandprofessionalendeavors Proactive approach toward financial management

Seize the opportunity

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