Иностранный язык (английский). Учебное пособие-1

generous, hard-working, haughty, humble, impulsive, irresponsible, jealous, just, mean, naive, obedient, obstinate, optimistic, patient, pessimistic, possessive, pretentious, proud, reserved, rude, ruthless, self-confident, selfish, sensitive, sociable, tactless, tolerant, vain, witty

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Exercise 6. Match the adjectives describing someone’s character or personality with the words of people.

1.sociable; 2.conceited; 3. generous; 4. mean; 5. rebellious; 6. confident

7.superstitious; 8. unselfish; 9. vain; 10. sympathetic; 11. lazy; 12. independent.

a)Please, you have the last piece of cake.

b)I’m a wonderful musician. I’ve got such a good ear.

c)Don’t you think I look beautiful this morning?

d)I’m too tired to get up. Can you answer the phone?

e)I never give anyone money in the street.

f)I’m sure I’ll pass my examination

g)I love being with people.

h)I won’t do my homework!

i)Don’t help me. I want to do it.

j)Don’t look at that black cat. It’s unlucky.

k)Here are the keys of my car. Use it whenever you want.

l)Oh, dear. That must hurt a lot.

Exercise 7. Match these words with the descriptions given. Use each word once only.

bad-tempered, determined, lazy, reliable, cheerful, frank, mean, selfish, considerate, honest, punctual, sympathetic.

1.You always arrive on time.

2.You are always happy.

3.You do what you say you will do.

4.You say exactly what you think.

5.You don’t think about the needs of others.

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6.You have a strong wish to get what you want.

7.You are unkind, or not willing to spend money.

8.You easily become angry with others.

9.You think about the needs of others.

10.You tell the truth and obey the law.

11.You understand the feelings of others.

12.You try to avoid work if you can.

Exercise 8. Complete each sentence with a word from the list. Use each word once only.

ambitious, greedy, polite, sociable, brave, imaginative, proud, stubborn, grateful, kind, snobbish, tolerant.

a)I think I’ll stay here on my own, I’m not feeling very _____________

today.

b)Diana wants to get to the top in the company. She is very

_____________.

c)It’s not _________________________ to stare at people and say nothing!

d)I think you have to be very ________________________ to write a

novel.

e)Thank you for helping me. It was very _______________________

of you.

f)Peter refuses to change his mind, although he is wrong. He’s so

_______.

g)It was very ___________________ of Sheila to put out the fire on her

own.

h)Our neighbours look down on us. They are a bit

____________________.

i)Don’t eat all the cakes! You really are becoming

____________________!

j)If you lend me the money I’ll be very

_____________________________.

k)I am very __________________________________ of my new motorbike.

l)My parents don’t mind my crazy hair style. They are very

_____________.

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Exercise 9. Use the word in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line.

Speaking

Exercise 10. Make the description of your appearance and character in detail. Don’t forget about the additional vocabulary. You can use the text given below as an example. Extra personality features are welcomed in the description.

I am tall (not very tall, short, of middle height). I am thin (not very thin, rather plump). My face is round (square, oval). I have a fair (dark) complexion. My forehead is narrow (broad) and low (high). I have a straight (upturned, crooked, aquiline) nose and a protruding (round) chin. My eyebrows are bushy (penciled), my eyelashes are thick (thin) and long (short). I have large (small) blue (hazel, black, grey) eyes. My hair is black (fair, dark, blond, chestnut), straight (curly) and long (short, not very long).

I am (kind, open-minded, reliable). I am not (haughty, jealous, patient).

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Exercise 11. Describe your friend’s appearance and character, using the active vocabulary. Present the personality of your friend in class.

Reading

Text № 2. You and your friends

Friends are important in your life because you spend a lot of time with them. You learn from them, and they learn from you. It is natural to listen to and learn from other people in your age group. Friends can have a positive influence on each other. Maybe one of your friends teaches you how to play the guitar or helps you to enter the university. You might admire a friend who is good at sports and try to be more like him or her. Maybe you tell other people about your new favourite book and now everyone's reading it. These are examples of how friends positively influence each other every day.

The pressure to imitate your friends' behaviour and earn their approval may be quite strong. Sometimes friends influence each other in negative ways. Everyone knows what negative peer pressure is. It can often be impossible to resist.

In fact, experiments have shown that most people will answer a question incorrectly, even though they know the correct answer, if everyone else is answering incorrectly. Now you know why your parents advise you to choose your friends wisely; because your friends influence your life and the decisions you make.

No friends are perfect, and some may pick up bad habits that, through peer pressure, spread throughout your social group. You may even find that you are the only one in your social group not taking part in a negative behaviour.

Exercise 1. Read and translate the text. Pay attention to the words in bold.

Exercise 2. Answer the questions to the text:

1.Why are friends important in your life?

2.What are the examples of positive influence?

3.Is it difficult to resist peer pressure?

4.How would most people reply, if they know the correct answer, even if they know the right answer?

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5. According to the text, is it possible to be the only one in your social group not taking part in certain behaviour?

Vocabulary practice

Exercise 3. Translate into English.

Друзья очень важны в нашей жизни. От них мы получаем психологическую поддержку и советы. Мы учимся у них, они учатся у нас. Очень важно, чтобы друзья оказывали на нас положительное влияние. Нам не нужно стараться постоянно завоевывать одобрение друзей. Друзей нужно выбирать с умом (мудро), потому что друзья влияют на нашу жизнь и решения, которые мы принимаем.

Additional exercises

Friends and friendship

Exercise 1. Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C, D) which best completes each sentence.

1.I'd rather not make the journey alone. I need a traveling __________ . A. comrade

B. companion C. mate

D. friend

2.I've known George for ages. We are really good old friends who spend a lot of time together. He is my _________ .

A. mate

B. associate C. companion

D. fair-weather friend

3.I just meet him occasionally when his firm and my firm work together. He is just a business _______ .

A. comrade В. pal

C. associate D. mate

4.He seems a good friend when things are going well, but when I am in trouble he is nowhere to be seen. I'm afraid he's a ________ .

A. bosom pal

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B.as thick as thieves

C.comrade

D.fair-weather friend

5.He is the person to whom I tell my most personal thoughts, problems, fears. He is my _______ .

A. bosom pal B. associate С. pal

D. comrade

6.She didn't know her homework so she asked her class ________ .

A.pal

B.associate

C.mate

D.companion

7.People can envy your _________ with John. You spend a lot of time together.

A. attitude

B. companionship C. behaviour

D. reaction

8.She has a great ability to settle all frictions in an ________ way.

A.friendly

B.amicable

C.unfriendly

D.familiar

9.I can only admire the friendship of Tom and Jane. They are

_________ .

A. as thick as thieves B. fair-weather friends C. alone wolves

D. like cheese and chalk

10.I think ______ is a great thing. At any time you have someone to support you at work or at home.

A. membership B. hardship

C. acquaintanceship D. fellowship

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Exercise 2. Which person would you ……? Explain your choice.

a)go to with personal problems?

b)go on holiday with?

c)not trust?

d)invite to your party?

e)invite to your wedding?

f)talk business with?

g)perform various activities together?

Exercise 3. Read the text. Fill in each gap with one word from the list. One word is odd.

Friendship

harmony, various, same, true, ease, small, closer, success, single, decisions, important.

People usually gather together to study, play and perform 1 ______

activities. Working in a group is very 2 _____ . You learn to take 3 ____

together, to work together for one 4_____ purpose and to rejoice together after having achieved success. Thus, you learn to live in 5 _______ with others.

Within a group, you'll discover that some have the 6 ______ ideas as you have and are therefore 7 _______ to you. You find yourself at 8 ______

with them and really feel a 9 ______ bond of friendship with them. In the end, even if you know many people, you have only a 10 ____ circle of true friends.

Reading

Text № 3. We are friends

Exercise 1. Read the text and answer the question.

What are the ingredients that bring you close to another person?

What are the qualities fundamental to friendship?

– Common interests.

If a person has very similar interests to yours, you have the desire to know him or her more. Therefore, talking about your common interests brings both of you closer to each other.

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– Willingness.

If other people's problems don't interest you, you can have trouble finding true friendship. A true friend is always ready to listen and understand other people's problems. True friends help each other even if it involves sacrifice.

– Liberated feeling.

A true friend is not jealous if you meet other people. He or she is not envious of your success. He or she helps you to make decisions. True friendship never bonds or imprisons anyone. In other words, it's feeling of mutual affection without selfishness.

– Understanding.

If you do something wrong, a true friend forgives you and tries to help you not to do it again.

– Trust.

A friend believes in his or her friends. A friend's promise has the same value as that of an oath.

It's not always true friendship

Friendship is not friendship if it is not based on equality and freedom. Often, in a group, everybody looks up to the «chief», does like the chief and obeys him or her without hesitation. In this case, this doesn't help «friendship» to grow nor allows one to use one's own head.

Exercise 2. Restore the questions and answer them:

1)What / to make / people / closer to each other?

2)True friends / to be ready / to sacrifice?

3)Friendship / to imprison / anyone?

4)Selfishness / to be / peculiar to friendship?

5)Friendship / to base / on equality and freedom?

Additional vocabulary practice

Exercise 3. Read the following life situations. Finish them in a suitable way (with 2-3 sentences in each case).

1.A man is mean to his friends. One day he throws a party and invites his friends. But no one comes. His father says: ………………

2.A man sends his mother a birthday card. It arrives four days late. She calls him to thank him. He says: “Did it really arrive four days late? That’s terrible. I’m sorry.” His mother says: ……………………..

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3. A man blew all his money in the casino and he’s talking with a friend about it. “I don’t know how to tell my wife that I lost so much money”. His friend says: “.................. . You should tell her. She will find out eventually.”

4.A woman is traveling to the Maldives. She puts all her bikinis in her bag. The airline loses her bag. The woman has to buy a new bikini. Her friend says: ..............

5.Two women are discussing their friend. One woman says: “He

6.A woman started her own business without first getting done the market research. The business didn’t go well and the woman had to go into debt to cover expenses. Her friend made a comment on this situation: ...........................

7.Two boxers walk out into the ring. One of them yells and waves at the crowd and the other is very quiet. Everyone knows that he will tear his rival apart. The announcer makes a comment: “ He looks like …………. .”

8.Two women are talking in a bar. One of them tells what happened to her last night. “I was in a club with a man who was a total jerk. He was very creepy and when he went to the bathroom I left. When I got into a cab, the taxi-driver looked very scary. He asked me weird questions. I was worried

he would rob me.” Her friend says: “I guess you went .............................. .” “No, he dropped me off near my house and I ran away”.

9. Samantha wanted to try new make-up for her date. She is doubtful because she can get a bad allergic reaction on her skin. Samantha asks her

Speaking

Exercise 4. Highlight the meaning of the proverbs and use them in proper contexts.

1.A honey tongue, a heart of gall.

2.Neither fish nor flesh.

3.A little body often harbours a great soul.

4.Handsome is as handsome does.

5.Appearances are deceitful.

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