1. Give English equivalents from the text to the following Russian terms and word combinations:

биометрия (технология идентификации личности); стилистический маркер (указатель); расследование, (научное) исследование; уголовное право; вариативность языковых средств; гражданское право; лингвистическая стилистика; распознавание; установление авторства; литературный; письма, угрожающего характера; сканирование сетчатки глаза; привычные языковые предпочтения.

2. Match the English words from the text with their Russian equivalents:

1. authorshipattributiona) компьютерная безопасность, компьютерная защита

2. intelligenceb) системы обнаружения вторжений

3. computersecurityc) стилистический анализ

4. cryptographicsignatured) лингвистические характеристики

5. intrusiondetectionsysteme) разведка, разведывательная служба

6. stylisticanalysisf) идиолект

7. idiolectg) атрибуция, установление авторства

8. linguistic characteristicsh) установление подлинности цифровой подписи

3. Match the words with their definitions:

1) computer security 2) stylistic analysis 3) biometrics 4) literary 5) style-marker 6) cryptographic signature 7) linguistic stylistics 8) intrusion detection system 9) idiolect 10) authorship attribution

a) a computational method for verifying identity b) pertaining to or of the nature of books and writings, especially those classed as literature c) the particular variety of a language used by an individual speaker or writer, which may be marked by peculiarities of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation d) the science of inferring characteristics of the author from the characteristics of documents written by that author e) the scientific analysis of individual style-markers as observed and described in the idiolect of a single writer, as well as class style-markers as identified in the language or dialect of groups of writers f) the measurement of physical characteristics, such as fingerprints, DNA, or retinal patterns, for use in verifying the identity of individuals g) a device (or application) that monitors network and/or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations h) a feature or a feature set that distinguishes the writing style of a particular author or class of authors i) a branch of computer technology known as information security as applied to computers and networks j) an approach to authorship identification which is based on the principle that it is possible to identify, describe and measure a writer's individual style or idiolect

4. Fill in the gaps:

a) authorship identification b) linguistic characteristics c) idiolect d) investigations e) style-markers f) linguistic variation g) authorship attribution

1. The linguist approaches the problem of questioned authorship from the theoretical position that every native speaker has their own distinct and individual version of the language they speak and write, their own __________________.

2. A good understanding of ________________ is very important to the theory and practice of stylistics and authorship identification.

3. In adjudication of authorship, forensic linguists compare specific ________________ with a known group of writings from the suspect.

4. An important role in criminal ______________ is played by forensic linguistics/stylistics.

5. Linguists study the _________________ of documents given some prior stylistic characteristics of the author’s writing extracted from a corpus of known works, e.g., authentication of disputed documents or literary works.

6. In individual style, all __________________ come together to form a stylistic profile.

7. Forensic linguistics, or forensic stylistics discipline subjects written or spoken materials (or both) to scientific analysis for ________________, or determination of speaker.