Summary

This chapter deals with a number of troubleshooting procedures, tips, and utilities for several different Linux applications, networking, and user problems. For the exam, keep the following points in mind:

User problems

•Examine account information, including expiration dates and locked status

•Make sure that usernames and passwords are entered properly, especially if the password is case-sensitive

•Printing: lpr to send print job, lpq to check printer status

•Mail: Check that the address is correct, right servers and mail ports are configured

Application Problems

•Check application logs for detailed error messages

•Stop, start, and restart services with the scripts in /etc/rc.d/init.d

•Telnet to application ports for testing (pop3-110, imap-143, smtp-25, ftp-21)

Networking Utilities

•ping: Test network connectivity

•traceroute: Trace communications and see routers between local and remote host

•netstat: Used to show routing tables, port status, interface card statistics

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STUDY GUIDE

The Study Guide section provides you with the opportunity to test your knowledge about the Linux+ exam objectives that are covered in this chapter. The Assessment Questions provide practice for the real exam, and the Scenarios provide practice with real situations. If you get any questions wrong, use the answers to determine the part of the chapter that you should review before continuing.

Assessment Questions

1.During the tape backups from the last two evenings, several media write errors have occurred. Different tapes were used for each night’s backup. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The wrong type of tape is being used

B.Tape drive heads need cleaning

C.There is a backup configuration error

D.Tape retention is not set properly

2.A user is trying to login to the network from their Linux machine. After several attempts at logging in, a message displays that the account has been locked. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The machine is experiencing network problems

B.The username was entered incorrectly

C.The account is expired

D.The user entered the wrong password too many times

3.A user is having problems accessing a file in a directory reserved for accounting users. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The user is not part of the accounting department

B.The user does not have permissions for that directory

C.The filename does not exist

D.The user is not logged in to the system

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4.What command can an administrator use to see the status of a print queue?

A.lpq

B.lpr

C.lp

D.pq -l

5.A Linux administrator is trying to troubleshoot a networking problem with a company’s WAN. All offices except one can be contacted. What is the best command to use to find out where the problem occurred along the network connection?

A.netstat -r

B.route

C.traceroute

D.lp

6.During a software package installation, an error occurs warning that a certain library is missing, and the installation aborts. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The package does not contain the programming library

B.The software package is corrupted

C.The software package is dependent on another program

D.The program is not compatible with that version of Linux

7.A contract user has just had their contract renewed. The following week, the user logs in to the system and finds that her account is locked. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The username has changed

B.The password is incorrect

C.The password has been changed

D.The user’s account had expired

8.An application process has just failed on a Linux system. What should you examine first to find out the root of the problem?

A.Application logs

B.Process statistics

C.Cron log

D.Application configuration file

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9.A user has sent a print job to the printer, but it has not printed. The administrator checks the print queue, and finds that this job and previous jobs are still in the queue. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The user did not use the lpr program

B.The print queue is full

C.The printer is turned off

D.The user is using the wrong printer driver

10.A user is trying to check his mail by using the pop3 protocol and port 143. The mail program can’t connect to the mail server to retrieve mail. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The mail server is down

B.The pop3 protocol uses port 110

C.The mail server smtp process is not running

D.You have a network problem

11.A Linux administrator is trying to connect to a remote server by using telnet, but the connection won’t work. The remote server is on the network because the administrator can ping it. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The administrator should be using ftp

B.The administrator should be using traceroute to trace the connection

C.You can’t telnet to a remote server

D.The telnet service has been disabled

12.A user has decided to come into work overnight to get some work done. Unfortunately, she isn’t able to login, even though she is using her proper name and password. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.Time restrictions exist on the user’s account

B.The account has expired

C.The server is not available overnight for backup purposes

D.The password is incorrect

13.A Linux administrator can’t connect to a remote server. What command can he use to test if the remote server is on the network?

A.telnet

B.netstat

C.ping

D.route

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14.What command can you use to send a file to a printer?

A.lpq

B.lpr

C.lprm

D.print

15.A user in the engineering department wants to be able to use her department’s shared directory to share files with her co-workers. What should the administrator do to give her access?

A.Mail the user the shared directory password

B.Add the user to the engineering group

C.Delete the current account, and make a new account with access

D.Temporarily give them root access

16.A user is trying to login to the system. After he enters his username, the machine hangs and won’t prompt for a password. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.There is a networking problem and the machine can’t contact the server

B.The username is invalid

C.The account is expired

D.The account is locked

17.A user has sent an e-mail, but within minutes the e-mail is returned stating that the address could not be found. What is the most likely cause of the error?

A.The user was not using imap

B.The user was using the wrong mail port

C.The mail server is down

D.The e-mail address is incorrect

18.A user’s print job has been successfully queued, and according to the queue status is printing, but nothing is coming out of the printer. What is the most likely cause of the problem?

A.The request was sent to a different printer

B.The printer server is not running

C.The printer is out of paper

D.The printer specified was invalid