Чучкина Инноватион течнологиес 2011

5.Cosmic rays bombarding the upper atmosphere reach the surface of the earth.

6.The rules concerned must be obeyed.

3.Word-building. Pay attention to the prefixes. Guess the meaning of the words.

1.para + N/adj. = paralinguistic, paranormal, paralegal, paramilitary, the Paralympics

2.intra + N/ adj = intranet, intrastate, intramural

3.de+ N/V = demodulator, decompensator, decomposition, decrease (v), decelerate

4.a- (not, without): he is completely apolitical; she is simply amoral.

5.hyper- (extremely, too): hypercritical; hypersensitive person; hyperactive children.

6.neo- (new, revived): neo-classical style; neopolitical views.

7.fore- (before, in front of): He had some foreknowledge; foreground, Who can foretell what the future holds for us?

4. Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases.

5.Words to learn. Pay attention to the active words of Reading 5A.

1.i.e. = id est = that is = то есть

www indicates that this is a World Wide Web document i.e. a webpage.

2. e.g. = for example = например

Special websites (e.g. Alta-Vista) provide a facility known as a search engine that can be used to search for other websites.

3. etc. = et cetera = and so on = и так далее

Your network speeds and quality are not affected by weather conditions, thickness of walls etc.

6. Practise the pronunciation of the following words from Reading 5A.

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Available [ə'veiləbl], email ['imeil], user ['ju:zə], relay [ri'lei], chat [t∫æt], transfer ['trænsfə:] n., transfer [træns'fə:] v., protocol ['proutəkol,refer [ri'fə:], allow [ə'lau], other ['Λðə], although [o: l'ðou], permit [pə'mit], asynchronous [ə'siŋkrənəs], participant [pa:'tisipənt], synchronous ['siŋkrənəs], message ['mesid3], bulletin ['bulitin], board [bo:d], audio ['o:diəu], video ['vidiəu], gesture ['d3est∫ə], strategy ['strætid3i], abbreviation [əbrivi'ei∫n], paralinguistic [,pærə'liŋ'gwistik], access ['ækses], delay [di'lei], junk mail ['d3Λŋkmeil], address [ə'dres], router ['ru:tə], advertising ['ædvə: 'taiziŋ], innovative [i'novətiv].

III.Reading 5A

1.Before reading the text

speak on any advantages of the Internet mentioned below in the text.

Upon reading the text check your answer.

The Internet

The Internet (commonly called the Net) is the connection of networks across the world. Different services are made available on the Internet including: email (electronic mail), Usenet (user network), IRC (Internet relay chat), FTP (File transfer protocol), Telnet (telephone network), WWW (the World Wide Web, commonly referred to as the Web).

Basics

Networked computers allow users to communicate with each other. At present most of this communication is written although video and audio conferencing permit speech. Most computer-mediated communication (CMC) is asynchronous, the participants being not on line at the same time and there being delays between messages. Examples of asynchronous communication include: mobile phone text messages, chat rooms, email, bulletin boards and newsgroups/ discussion lists. Synchronous CMC depends on participants being on line at the same time. There may be few seconds’ delay – like a satellite phone call – but the communication is closer to face-to-face interaction, examples of them being Internet Relay Chart, audio and video conferencing.

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With the exception of videoconferencing (a form of communication over a network that uses video cameras so that the people taking part can see and hear each other), there is no opportunity for paralinguistic features such as gesture. To compensate, users have developed a number of strategies which account for the linguistic features of text-based CMC including: abbreviations and acronyms, symbols and exclamation marks, etc. to express emotional meaning e.g. Yeeee!! (symbols indicating emotions called emoticons).

Most users connect to the Internet, using a modem (modulator/demodulator) – an electronic device that converts signals to enable a computer to be connected to an ordinary telephone line), through a server and router owned by an ISP (Internet Service Provider). Often they have to pay the ISP a fee to make a connection but some ISPs provide a free connection, usually depending on advertising on the webpages to pay for the service.

To attract users to connect through their system, ISPs offer various options including an unlimited number of e-mail addresses with filtering of email to remove junk email (unwanted email normally advertising or to sell something). Web-based email allows users to access their email from any computer with Internet access.

(Compiled from Professional English in Use ICT. Cambridge, 2009.)

2. Find equivalents for the following phrases from Reading 5A.

Интернетовские посиделки, протокол передачи файла, вычислительные машины сети, обычно называемый, общение через компьютер, взаимодействие лицом к лицу, неязыковые средства, включенные в речевое общение, за исключением, поставщик услуг Интернет, принимающие участие в, бесплатное соединение, рекламные объявления, приходящие по почте, спам.

IV. Class Exercises

1.Match the abbreviations with definitions in the right column.

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2. Fill in the blanks with the proper words.

1.Networked computers allow users ______ with each other.

2.Most ______ connect to the Internet using an electronic device that converts signals.

3.The _______ is the connection of networks across the world.

4.Web-based email allows users to access their email from any computer with ______ _______.

5.The users developed a number of ______ which ___________ the linguistic features of text-based CMC.

6.The Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous. The Internet is the collection of interconnected computer networks ____

copper wires, wireless connections etc., while the Web being a collection of____documents and other resources.

3. Translate the following article from English into Russian.

Internet is traditionally written with a capital first letter, as it is a proper noun, for example, The Internet Society. Historically, Internet and internet have had different meanings, with internet meaning “an interconnected set of distinct networks”, and “Internet” referring to the worldwide, publicly available IP internet. Under this distinction, the Internet is the familiar network through which websites exist, however, an internet can exist between any two remote locations. Any group of distinct networks connected together is an internet; each of these networks may or may not be part of the Internet. The distinction was evident in many books and articles from the 1980s and early 1990s. Instead, the term intranet is generally used for private networks, whether they are connected to the Internet or not (see also the extranet). Some people use the lower-case term as a medium (like radio or newspaper, e.g. I’ve found it on the internet), and the first letter being capitalized as the global network.

4. Useful language

Speaking about advantages and disasvantages. Speaking about advantages:

First / Firstly… Secondly, … Thirdly, … . On the one hand …

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Speaking about disadvantages:

On the other hand …, there are also some disadvantages… . For instance/ for example

Conclusion:

In conclusion/To sum up, I think …

V.Text 5B

1.This part of the text is an interview, you can listen to it and learn lots of useful business vocabulary and expressions. ("Cool English" N

19 CD Track 6)

SKYPE

Hi and welcome to Business Chat. Today we’re talking to business analyst Georgiana Ballyman about an innovative type of comput- er-based phone service called Skype.

So, Georgiana, firstly, what exactly is skype?

Well, Skype is a popular internet phone service. Basically, Skype’s software lets computer users talk to each other for free, and also to make cut-price calls to mobiles and landlines. Skype uses a technology called Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP). This allows computer users to talk to each other via a headset, or a microphone and speakers. Some systems even allow users to plug their traditional phones into desktop box that allows them to make VoIP calls.

And what exactly is this innovation all about?

Well, Skype exactly is adding video to its software, which will allow you to see the person you’re talking to.

So, how popular is Skype at the moment?

Well, according to their records, Skype has 53 million registered users and says more than two million people are using its software at any given moment. Just last year, Skype was bought by online auction giant eBay in a $2.6bn deal.

What about any other innovations?

Well, as well as adding video calling, the new version is designed to work with Microsoft Outlook. So there’s a toolbar you can use to find

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and deal contacts. The company has also struck a deal with the software company Six Apart that allows you to embed Skype links in blogs.

So, are Skype alone in the market with this new software?

No, Skype’s upgrade to video calling competes with well established instant messaging services that also offer video phone calling features, including Microsoft’s MSN and America Online’s AIM service. And just recently, Sony announced a Skype-like free phone service with an emphasis on video conferencing. So, there’s a lot of competition out there.

OK, thank you very much, Georgina. That was really interesting.

No problem (The interview has ended.)

Hey, I’m just about to use Skype to call my partner. Would you like to see how it works?

Yeah, that would be really interesting.

OK, here we go. I’m just dealing… and look, there you can see him on the screen. So, what do you think of that then?

Yeah, all right. Bit on the fat side though, isn’t he?

I wasn’t referring to my partner. I meant, what do you think of the new system?

Oh, yeah, very nice.

2. Match the interpretations in the right column with the words in the

left

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Каким станет интернет в будущем

Как будет выглядеть интернет через 5 лет? По мнению сэра Тима Бернеса-Ли (Sir Tim Berners-Lee), человека, которого считают изобретателем Всемирной паутины (world wide web), он будет сильно отличаться от современного пространства. Бернесу-Ли видится Интернет, где вся информация, приложения и данные неразрывно связаны ссылками и переплетены между собой – все будет работать сообща со всем остальным и на практике позволит нам жить, почти не вылезая из Интернета. Специалисты по ИТ называют это “семантической сетью”. Семантическая сеть будет уделять гдавное внимание смыслу информации на странице.

VII. Brain Benders

Fix it

By making one line with your pen, turn this into a correct equation. (A line through the equal sign creates an inequality, but the answer I have in mind is neater).

I. 5 + 5 + 5 = 550

Unit 6

I. Grammar Review: The Gerund

Герундий. Функции герундия в предложении. Способы его перевода на русский язык.

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4.Experimenting is widely used in different branches of science.

5.They continued testing until the sample was destroyed.

6.Our carrying out this test successfully was not unexpected.

7.The atomic ice-breaker may sail for a year without refueling.

2.Translate the sentences into English using the Gerund with prepositions “in” and ”on”.

1.Потеряв отрицательный заряд, атомы становятся положительно заряженными ионами.

2.Соединяя конденсаторы параллельно ( in parallel), мы увеличиваем емкость.

3.При испытании смеси экспериментатор заметил несколько кристаллов.

4.Изучив теорию, он смог решить данную проблему.

5.Увеличивая диаметр проволоки, мы уменьшаем сопротивле-

ние.

6.Получив новые данные, исследователи применили их в своей работе.

3.Word-building. Translate the words into Russian paying attention to different prefixes.

1.uni-, mono- (one): uniform, monocle, monorail, monologue

2.duo -. bi – (two): bicycle, biology, binoculars, bilingual

3.tri- (three): tricycle, tripod, trio, triode

4.quad-, quart- (four): quadrangle, quadrupole, quadruplet

5.pent-, quin- (five): quintet, pentode

6.sexsept- (seven): sextet or septet, septuagenarian, septagonal number

7.oct- (eight): octopus, octahedral, octahedron

8.dec- (ten): decade, decalateral, decagon, decahedral

9.cent- (hundred): century, centenary, percent, percentage

4. Explain the meanings of the following words.

5. Words to learn. Pay attention to the active vocabulary of Reading 6A.

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