- •Введение
- •Topic 1. An introduction to economics
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read the international words and guess their meanings:
- •III. Are the following statements true or false?
- •IV. Fill in the gaps using the words given: Scarcity, income, interact, society, trends, management, economics, economy
- •V. Translate into English
- •VI. Answer the questions
- •Topic 2. The basic economic problem
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read the words and guess their meanings:
- •III. Are the following statements true or false?
- •IV. Complete these sentences with the words in appropriate form and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. Answer some questions:
- •Topic 3. Factors of production
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
- •II. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •III. Make sentences by adding a suitable beginning to the following:
- •IV. Agree or disagree with the following statements:
- •V. Fill in the gaps using the words given
- •VI. Translate into English
- •VII. Answer some questions:
- •Starting a business
- •Types of business
- •Sole Trader
- •Partnership
- •Private Limited Company
- •Public Limited Company
- •The sole proprietor
- •Partnerships
- •Corporations
- •Companies and Organizations Background information about the organization.
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •III. Complete the sentences using the proper forms of the verbs in the brackets:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •V. Answer the questions:
- •Topic 5. Company structure
- •Study carefully the meaning of the following phrases and word combinations
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •III. Complete these sentences using the words from the list below and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •V. Answer some questions on the Text:
- •Topic 6. Accounting
- •Read and memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
- •III. Read and translate the definitions of the basic accounting terms:
- •IV. Agree or disagree with the statements:
- •V. Fill in the gaps using the words given:
- •VI. Complete as in the text:
- •VII. Translate from Russian into English:
- •VIII. Answer some questions:
- •Topic 7. Financial statements
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
- •III. Read and translate the definitions of the basic financial terms: assets and liabilities
- •V. Fill in the gaps using the words given:
- •VI. Are the following statements true or false?
- •VII. Complete the sentences referring to the information from the text.
- •VIII. Translate from Russian into English:
- •IX. Answer some questions:
- •Topic 8. Money and its functions
- •Vocabulary
- •Different kinds of money
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read the words and guess their meanings:
- •IV. Complete these sentences using the words from the list below and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •V. Are the following statements true or false?
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VII. Answer some questions:
- •Topic 9. Banks and banking
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read and translate the definitions of the basic banking services terms: Banking services
- •III. Complete these sentences with appropriate words оr word combinations and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •IV. Complete the following sentences in any way you like.
- •V. Translate into English:
- •VI. Summarize the contents of the Text using these questions as an outline.
- •Topic 10. Banking system
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read and translate the definitions of the basic banking terms:
- •III. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence:
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •V. Answer some questions:
- •Topic 11.
- •International banking and international economic institutions world bank
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read the words and guess their meanings:
- •III. Are the following statements true or false?
- •IV. Fill in the gaps using the words given
- •V. Translate into English
- •International monetary fund
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read the words and guess their meanings:
- •III. Which of the following is true?
- •IV. Translate into English:
- •V. Answer some questions on the Text:
- •Topic 12. Monetary policy
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Suggest the Russian equivalents:
- •II. Find in the text English equivalents for the following:
- •III. Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text:
- •V. Translate into English using all the active possible
- •VI. Answer the questions:
- •Topic 13.
- •Import and export
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Read the words and guess their meanings:
- •III. Are the following statements true or false?
- •IV. Fill in the gaps using the words given
- •V. Read and translate into Russian:
- •Incoterms 2000
- •Incoterms (The most common ones are shown with *.)
- •VI. Translate into English:
- •VII. Answer the questions:
- •Topic 14.
- •Insurance
- •Memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give English equivalents to the following:
- •II. Substitute the proper English words from the list below for the Russian words in brackets.
- •III. Are the following statements true or false?
- •IV. The following sentences relate to various aspects of insurance. Choose the word which best fits each space.
- •V. Translate into English
- •VI. Answer some questions on the Text:
- •Topic 15.
- •International investing
- •Investors
- •Memorize the following words and word combinations:
- •Comprehension check
- •The risks of international investing
- •Comprehension check
- •I. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
- •II. Complete sentences according to the information in the text.
- •III. Which explanation of economic terms is correct?
- •IV. Read and translate the definitions of the basic investment and securities terms:
- •V. Give Russian equivalents to the following:
- •VI. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence:
- •Interest
- •VII. Translate into English:
- •6.030509 «Учет и аудит», 6.030504 «Экономика предприятия»
- •98309 Г. Керчь, Орджоникидзе, 82.
Comprehension check
I. Give English equivalents to the following:
Bести дело; партнер с ограниченной юридической ответственностью; ча-стная собственность; получать льготы по налогообложению; быть юридически ответственным; недвижимость; выпускать акции; привлекать финансовые ре-сурсы; привлекать большой капитал; акционер, держатель акций; повторно ин-вестировать; предлагать высокие оклады; оплата расходов; сертификат акций; держатели акций; акционерный (долевой) способ формирования денежного фонда; образование денежного фонда с помощью займа; ценность (стоимость) акции; фиксированный процент (доля); единоличное владение; товарищество; собственник, владелец; юридически; хозяйственная единица; прибыль; убытки; обязательства; ответственность; акционерный капитал.
II. Complete the sentences using the words given:
Possessions, adjustment, proprietor, failure, headings, enterprise, efficiency, ownership, conditions, flexible, failure, liability, debts, decisions, responsible.
The different types of business organization may be classified under five … .
This is the simplest and the oldest form of business … .
A single person is solely…for the success or … of the business.
His … is unlimited.
… and control are vested in one person.
This type of organization is extremely … and capable of quick … to change in market … .
The owner is personally liable for the … incurred by his firm.
All his … are at risk.
A single person provides the capital, takes the …, and assumes the risks.
III. Complete the sentences using the proper forms of the verbs in the brackets:
1. The different types of business organization ___ (to find) in the UK may ___ (to classify) under five headings.
2. He ___ (to have) the sole rights to such profits as may ___ (to accrue) or, alternatively, ___ (to bear) the sole responsibility for such losses.
3. The one-person business ___ (to be) still far more numerous than any other type of business organization.
4. Ownership and control ___ (to vest) in one person who ___ (to enjoy) all the fruits of success.
5. He ___ (to have) no need ___ (to consult) colleagues when changes of policy ___ (to require).
6. We should ___ (to expect) this type of organization ___ (to be) extremely flexible.
7. All his personal possession may ___ (to meet) creditors demand.
8. Finance ___ (to restrict) to the amounts which the entrepreneur is able ___ (to provide) from his own resources and whatever sums he can … (to borrow) on his own security.
IV. Translate into English:
Индивидуальный предприниматель определяет место своей деятельности и вкладывает в дело свой личный капитал.
При создании товарищества необходимо составить письменное соглашение о разделе капитала и дивидендов между участниками (Agreement of Capital and Dividends Share) и устав (Statute), где оговорены все положения об управлении товариществом.
Для товарищества предусмотрен ограниченный срок деятельности и неограниченная ответственность, по крайней мере, одного из партнеров.
Каждый из основных партнеров может действовать от имени товарищества.
Основные партнеры товарищества имеют неограниченную личную ответственность.
Создание корпорации – это наиболее сложный и дорогостоящий путь организации бизнеса.
Корпорации выпускают акции, которые определяют форму раздела собственности.
Собственниками корпорации часто являются не те люди, которые ею руководят (собственниками корпорации являются акционеры, а менеджеры – не обязательно).
Собственность корпорации юридически четко определена в отношении каждого собственника, что обусловливает определенную защиту взносов каждого акционера, или держателя акций.
10. Держатели акций имеют право посещать собрание акционеров и принимать решения по основным решениям, таким, например, как замена членов совета директоров, а иногда и президента.