- •VI. Etymological Survey of the English Word-Stock
- •§ 2. Semantic Characteristics and Collocability
- •4.Summary and Conclusions
- •§ 5. Causes and Ways of Borrowing
- •6. Criteria of Borrowings
- •§ 12. Influence of Borrowings
- •13 Summary and Conclusion
- •VII. Various aspects of vocabulary units and replenishment of modern english word-stock
- •Interdependence of various aspects
- •Replenishment of modern english vocabulary
- •§ 7. Structural and Semantic Peculiarities of New Vocabulary Units
- •Ways and means of enriching the vocabulary
- •§ 8. Productive Word-Formation
- •§ 9 Various Ways of Word-Creation
- •§10 Borrowing
- •§ 13. Intrinsic Heterogeneity of Modern English
- •§ 14 Number of Vocabulary Items in Actual Use and Number of Vocabulary Units in Modern English
- •§ 15. Summary and Conclusions
- •VIII. Variants and Dialects of the English Language
- •§ 1. General Characteristics of the English Language in Different Parts of the English-Speaking World
- •§ 3. Some Points of History of the Territorial Variants and Lexical Interchange Between Them
- •Local varieties in the british isles and in the usa
- •§ 4. Local Dialects in the British Isles
- •§ 5. The Relationship between the English National Language and British Local Dialects
- •6 Local Dialects in the usa
- •IX Fundamentals of English Lexicography
- •§1 Encyclopaedic and Linguistic Dictionaries
- •§2 Classification of linguistic Dictionaries
- •3. Explanatory Dictionaries
- •§ 4. Translation Dictionaries
- •§ 5. Specialized Dictionaries
- •§6. The selection of Lexical Units for Inclusion.
- •§ 7. Arrangement of Entries
- •§ 11. Choke of Adequate Equivalents.
- •§ 12. Setting of the Entry
- •§ 13. Structure of the Dictionary
- •§ 14. Main Characteristic Features
- •§ 15. Classification of Learners Dictionaries.
- •§ 16.Selection of Entry Words.
- •§ 17. Presentations of Meanings.
- •§ 18. Setting of the Entry
- •§ 19. Summary and Conclusions
- •X. Methods and Procedures of Lexicological Analysis
- •§ 1. Contrastive Analysis
- •§ 2. Statistical Analysis
- •§ 3.Immediate Constituents Analysis
- •§ 4.Distributional Analysis and Co-occurrence
- •§ 5. Transformafional Analysis
- •§ 6. Componenfal Analysis
- •§ 7. Method of Semantic Differential
- •§ 8. Summary and Conclusions
- •I. Introduction
- •II. Semasiology Word-Meaning
- •Types of Meaning
- •Word-Meaning and Meaning in Morphemes
- •Word-Meaning and Motivation
- •Change of Meaning
- •Meaning and Polysemy
- •Polysemy and Homonymy
- •Word-Meaning in Syntagmatics and Paradigmatics
- •Meaning Relations in Paradigmatics and Semantic Classification of Words
- •III. Word-groups and phraseological units Some Basic Features of Word-Croups
- •Meaning of Word-Groups
- •Interdependence of Structure and Meaning in Word-Groups
- •IV. Word-structure
- •V. Word-formation
- •Various Ways of Forming Words
- •Affixation
- •Conversion
- •Word-Composition
- •Etymological survey of the english word-stock
- •Words of Native Origin
- •Borrowings
- •VII. Various aspects of vocabulary units and replenishment of modern english word-stock
- •Interdependence of Various Aspects of the Word
- •VIII. Variants and dialects of the english language
- •Learner's Dictionaries and Some Problems of Their Compilation
- •X. Methods and procedures of lexicological analysis
IV. Word-structure
§ 1. Segmentation of Words into Morphemes ........... 89
§ 2. Principles of Morphemic Analysis. Types of Word Segmentability…. 89
§ 3. Classification of Morphemes .................. 92
§ 4. Procedure of Morphemic Analysis .............. 94
§ 5. Morphemic Types of Words ................ 95
§ 6. Derivative Structure . . .................. 95
§ 7. Derivative Relations . . .................. 96
§ 8. Derivational Bases . . ................. 97
§ 9. Derivational Affixes . . .................. 100
§ 10. Semi-Affixes ... ............ ....... 102
§ 11. Derivational Patterns .................... 103
§ 12. Derivational Types of Words . ............... 104
§ 13. Historical Changeability of Word-Structure .......... 105
§ 14. Summary and Conclusions .................. 106
V. Word-formation
Various Ways of Forming Words
§1. Various Types ad Ways of Forming Words .......... 108
§2. Word-Formation, Definition. Basic Peculiarities ....... 109
§3. Word-Formation as the Subject of Study ........... 111
§4. Productivity of Word-Formation Means ........... 112
§5. Summary and Conclusions . ..:.......-.... 114
Affixation
§ 6. Definition. Degree of Derivation. Prefixal and Suffixal Derivatives 114
§ 7. Prefixation. Some Debatable Problems ........... 115
§ 8. Classification of Prefixes . . ................. 117
9. Suffixation. Peculiarities of Some Suffixes .......... 119
10. Main Principles of Classification .............. 120
11. Polysemy and Homonymy ................. 121
12. Synonymy ... .................. ... 122
13. Productivity ......................... 123
14. Origin of derivational affixes ................. 125
15. Summary and Conclusions . . ................ 126
Conversion
§ 16. Definition ... ...................... .127
§ 17. Synchronic Approach . . .................. 130
§ 18. Typical Semantic Relations . . ............... 131
§ 19. Basic Criteria of Semantic Derivation ............ 133
§ 20. Diachronic Approach of Conversion. Origin .......... 136
§ 21. Productivity. Traditional and Occasional Conversion. ...... 138
§ 22. Conversion and Sound-(Stress-) Interchange .......... 139
§23. Summary and Conclusions ................. 140
Word-Composition
§ 24. Compounding ... .................... 140
§ 25. Structure .......................... 141
§ 26. Meaning ............. .............. 143
§ 27. Structural Meaning of the Pattern . .............. 144
§ 28. The Meaning of Compounds. Motivation ........... 145
§ 29. Classification ... ..................... 146
§ 30. Relations between the ICs of Compounds ........... 146
§ 31. Different Parts of Speech ................. 147
§ 32. Means of Composition . . ............... .. 148
§ 33. Types of Bases . . ..................... 149
§ 34. Correlation between Compounds and Free Phrases ....... 151
§ 35. Correlation Types of Compounds .............. 154
§ 36. Sources of Compounds . . ................. 158
§ 37. Summary and Conclusions ................. 158