- •The verb
- •§ 1. The General Notion
- •§ 2. The Classification of Verbs
- •§ 3. The Grammatical Categories of the Verb
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Present Indefinite
- •§ 2. The Use of the Present Indefinite
- •In demonstrations, instructions, commentaries and itineraries.
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Present Continuous
- •§ 2. The Use of the Present Continuous
- •An action in progress
- •A temporary characteristic of a person
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Present Perfect
- •§ 2. The Use of the Present Perfect
- •A series of actions which have happened up to now and can be continued
- •An action completed before a definite moment in the future
- •An action which began in the past and is still in progress
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Present Perfect Continuous
- •§ 2. The Use of the Present Perfect Continuous
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Past Indefinite
- •§ 2. The Use of the Past Indefinite
- •An action performed in the past
- •A general characteristic of a person in the past
- •An action in progress at a definite moment in the past or a past state
- •A succession of past actions
- •A repeated action in the past
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Past Continuous
- •§ 2. The Use of the Past Continuous
- •An action in progress at a definite moment in the past
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Past Perfect
- •§ 2. The Use of the Past Perfect
- •An action completed before a definite moment in the past
- •An action prior to another past action
- •An action which began before a definite moment in the past, continued up to that moment and was still in progress at that moment
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Past Perfect Continuous
- •§ 2. The Use of the Past Perfect Continuous
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Indefinite
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Indefinite
- •A future action or an official arrangement
- •A prediction based on our opinion or past experience
- •A polite inquiry
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Continuous
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Continuous
- •An action in progress at a definite moment in the future
- •A fixed arrangement seen as a part of routine
- •An anticipated future action
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Perfect
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Perfect
- •An action completed before a definite moment in the future
- •An action which begins before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will still be in progress at that moment
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Perfect Continuous
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Perfect Continuous
- •An action which begins before a definite moment in the future, will continue up to that moment and will still be in progress at that moment
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Indefinite in the Past
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Indefinite in the Past
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Continuous in the Past
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Continuous in the Past
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Perfect in the Past
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Perfect in the Past
- •§ 1. The Formation of the Future Perfect Continuous in the Past
- •§ 2. The Use of the Future Perfect Continuous in the Past
- •§ 1. The General Notion
- •§ 2. The Formation of the Passive Voice
- •§ 3. The Ways of Translation of the Passive Voice into Ukrainian
- •Combinations of the verb бути with the Past Participle Passive
- •§ 4. The Use of the Passive Voice
- •Informal English
- •Formal notices and announcements
- •Press reports
- •§ 1. The General Notion
- •§ 2. The Rules of the Sequence of Tenses
- •§ 3. The Exceptions to the Rules of the Sequence of Tenses
- •§ 1. The General Notion
- •§ 2. Tense, Time, Pronoun and Place Changes
- •§ 3. Indirect Statements
- •§ 4. Indirect Questions
- •§ 5. Indirect Orders and Requests
- •§ 6. Indirect Offers, Suggestions and Advice
- •§ 7. Indirect Exclamations
- •§ 8. Greetings and Leave-taking
- •§ 9. Modal Verbs
- •§ 10. The Subjunctive Mood in Indirect Speech
- •Exercises the verb
- •The present indefinite
- •The present continuous
- •The present perfect
- •The present perfect continuous
- •The past indefinite
- •The past continuous
- •The past perfect
- •The past perfect continuous
- •The future tenses
- •The passive voice
- •The sequence of tenses direct and indirect speech
- •Revision exercises
- •The table of irregular verbs
- •Bibliography
The table of irregular verbs
|
INFINITIVE |
PAST INDEFINITE |
PARTICIPLE II |
TRANSLATION |
1 |
abide |
abode/abided |
abode/abided |
перебувати; триматися |
2 |
arise |
arose |
arisen |
підійматися; виникати |
3 |
awake |
awoke |
awoken |
будити; прокинутися |
4 |
be |
was/were |
been |
бути |
5 |
bear |
bore |
born/borne |
народжувати |
6 |
beat |
beat |
beaten |
бити |
7 |
become |
became |
become |
ставати |
8 |
befall |
befell |
befallen |
траплятися |
9 |
beget |
begot |
begotten |
породжувати |
10 |
begin |
began |
begun |
починати |
11 |
bend |
bent |
bent |
(зі)гнути |
12 |
beseech |
besought/beseeched |
besought/beseeched |
благати |
13 |
bet |
bet |
bet |
битися об заклад |
14 |
bid |
bid/bade |
bid/bidden |
наказувати; пропонувати ціну |
15 |
bind |
bound |
bound |
зв’язувати |
16 |
bite |
bit |
bit/bitten |
кусати |
17 |
bleed |
bled |
bled |
кровоточити |
18 |
blow |
blew |
blown |
дмухати, дути |
19 |
break |
broke |
broken |
(з)ламати |
20 |
breed |
bred |
bred |
розводити, виводити |
21 |
bring |
brought |
brought |
приносити |
22 |
broadcast |
broadcast |
broadcast |
транслювати; поширювати |
23 |
build |
built |
built |
будувати |
24 |
burn |
burnt/burned |
burnt/burned |
палити, горіти |
25 |
burst |
burst |
burst |
спалахувати, вибухати |
26 |
buy |
bought |
bought |
купувати |
27 |
cast |
cast |
cast |
кидати; лити метал |
28 |
catch |
caught |
caught |
ловити |
29 |
choose |
chose |
chosen |
обирати |
30 |
come |
came |
come |
приходити |
31 |
cost |
cost |
cost |
коштувати |
32 |
creep |
crept |
crept |
повзти |
33 |
cut |
cut |
cut |
різати |
34 |
dig |
dug |
dug |
копати |
35 |
dive |
dived/dove |
dived |
пірнати; занурюватися |
36 |
do |
did |
done |
робити |
37 |
draw |
drew |
drawn |
волочити; малювати |
38 |
dream |
dreamt/dreamed |
dreamt/dreamed |
мріяти; бачити уві сні |
39 |
drink |
drank |
drunk |
пити |
40 |
drive |
drove |
driven |
гнати; їхати |
41 |
dwell |
dwelt/dwelled |
dwelt/dwelled |
мешкати |
42 |
eat |
ate |
eaten |
їсти |
43 |
fall |
fell |
fallen |
падати |
44 |
feed |
fed |
fed |
годувати |
45 |
feel |
felt |
felt |
відчувати |
46 |
fight |
fought |
fought |
битися, боротися |
47 |
find |
found |
found |
знаходити |
48 |
flee |
fled |
fled |
рятуватися |
49 |
fly |
flew |
flown |
літати |
50 |
forbid |
forbade |
forbidden |
забороняти |
51 |
forecast |
forecast/forecasted |
forecast/forecasted |
прогнозувати, передбачати |
52 |
foresee |
foresaw |
foreseen |
передбачати |
53 |
foretell |
foretold |
foretold |
пророкувати |
54 |
forget |
forgot |
forgotten |
забувати |
55 |
forgive |
forgave |
forgiven |
вибачати |
56 |
freeze |
froze |
frozen |
заморожувати |
57 |
get |
got |
got/gotten |
отримувати |
58 |
give |
gave |
given |
давати |
59 |
go |
went |
gone |
йти |
60 |
grind |
ground |
ground |
молоти |
61 |
grow |
grew |
grown |
зростати |
62 |
hang |
hung/hanged |
hung/hanged |
висіти, повісити |
63 |
have |
had |
had |
мати |
64 |
hear |
heard |
heard |
слухати |
65 |
hide |
hid |
hidden |
заховати(ся) |
66 |
hit |
hit |
hit |
вдарити, влучити |
67 |
hold |
held |
held |
тримати |
68 |
hurt |
hurt |
hurt |
завдавати болю |
69 |
keep |
kept |
kept |
зберігати |
70 |
kneel |
knelt/kneeled |
knelt/kneeled |
ставати навколішки |
71 |
knit |
knit/knitted |
knit/knitted |
в’язати |
72 |
know |
knew |
known |
знати |
73 |
lay |
laid |
laid |
класти |
74 |
lead |
led |
led |
вести |
75 |
lean |
leant/leaned |
leant/leaned |
спиратися |
76 |
leap |
leapt/leaped |
leapt/leaped |
стрибати |
77 |
learn |
learnt/learned |
learnt/learned |
вчити, вивчати |
78 |
leave |
left |
left |
залишати |
79 |
lend |
lent |
lent |
позичати, давати в борг |
80 |
let |
let |
let |
дозволяти |
81 |
lie |
lay |
lain |
лежати |
82 |
light |
lit/lighted |
lit/lighted |
освітлювати; підпалювати |
83 |
lose |
lost |
lost |
втрачати, (за)губити |
84 |
make |
made |
made |
робити |
85 |
mean |
meant |
meant |
мати на увазі; означати |
86 |
meet |
met |
met |
зустрічати |
87 |
mislead |
misled |
misled |
вводити в оману |
88 |
mistake |
mistook |
mistaken |
помилятися |
89 |
mow |
mowed |
mown/mowed |
косити, стригти (газон) |
90 |
pay |
paid |
paid |
платити |
91 |
put |
put |
put |
класти |
92 |
quit |
quit/quitted |
quit/quitted |
припиняти; звільнятися |
93 |
read |
read |
read |
читати |
94 |
retell |
retold |
retold |
переказувати |
95 |
ride |
rode |
ridden |
їздити верхи |
96 |
ring |
rang |
rung |
дзвонити |
97 |
rise |
rose |
risen |
підійматися |
98 |
run |
ran |
run |
бігти |
99 |
saw |
sawed |
sawn/sawed |
пиляти |
100 |
say |
said |
said |
говорити, казати |
101 |
see |
saw |
seen |
бачити |
102 |
seek |
sought |
sought |
шукати |
103 |
sell |
sold |
sold |
продавати |
104 |
send |
sent |
sent |
надсилати |
105 |
set |
set |
set |
встановлювати |
106 |
sew |
sewed |
sewn/sewed |
шити |
107 |
shake |
shook |
shaken |
трясти |
108 |
shine |
shone |
shone |
сяяти; світити |
109 |
shoot |
shot |
shot |
стріляти |
110 |
show |
showed |
shown |
показувати |
111 |
shut |
shut |
shut |
зачиняти |
112 |
sing |
sang |
sung |
співати |
113 |
sink |
sank |
sunk |
тонути; опускатися |
114 |
sit |
sat |
sat |
сидіти |
115 |
slay |
slew |
slain |
убивати |
116 |
sleep |
slept |
slept |
спати |
117 |
slide |
slid |
slid |
ковзати |
118 |
smell |
smelt/smelled |
smelt/smelled |
нюхати; мати запах |
119 |
sow |
sowed |
sown/sowed |
сіяти |
120 |
speak |
spoke |
spoken |
говорити |
121 |
speed |
sped/speeded |
sped/speeded |
прискорювати |
122 |
spell |
spelt/spelled |
spelt/spelled |
писати/вимовляти по літерах |
123 |
spend |
spent |
spent |
витрачати; проводити |
124 |
spill |
spilt/spilled |
spilt/spilled |
розливати |
125 |
spin |
span/spun |
spun |
прясти |
126 |
spit |
spat/spit |
spat/spit |
плювати |
127 |
split |
split |
split |
розщепляти |
128 |
spoil |
spoilt/spoiled |
spoilt/spoiled |
псувати |
129 |
spread |
spread |
spread |
поширюватися |
130 |
spring |
sprang |
sprung |
підхоплюватися; скакати |
131 |
stand |
stood |
stood |
стояти |
132 |
steal |
stole |
stolen |
красти |
133 |
stick |
stuck |
stuck |
колоти; клеїти |
134 |
stink |
stank/stunk |
stunk |
тхнути, смердіти |
135 |
stride |
strode |
stridden |
крокувати |
136 |
strike |
struck |
struck |
бити; страйкувати |
137 |
string |
strung |
strung |
нанизувати; натягувати |
138 |
strive |
strove |
striven |
намагатися |
139 |
swear |
swore |
sworn |
клясти(ся); присягатися |
140 |
sweep |
swept |
swept |
мести |
141 |
swell |
swelled |
swollen |
пухнути, здуватися |
142 |
swim |
swam |
swum |
плавати |
143 |
swing |
swung |
swung |
гойдати(ся), хитати(ся) |
144 |
take |
took |
taken |
брати |
145 |
teach |
taught |
taught |
навчати |
146 |
tear |
tore |
torn |
рвати |
147 |
tell |
told |
told |
розповідати |
148 |
think |
thought |
thought |
думати |
149 |
thrive |
throve/thrived |
thriven/thrived |
процвітати |
150 |
throw |
threw |
thrown |
кидати |
151 |
tread |
trod |
trodden |
ступати |
152 |
understand |
understood |
understood |
розуміти |
153 |
wake |
woke |
woken |
будити; прокидатися |
154 |
wear |
wore |
worn |
носити (одяг) |
155 |
weave |
wove |
woven |
ткати |
156 |
weep |
wept |
wept |
плакати |
157 |
wet |
wet/wetted |
wet/wetted |
зволожувати |
158 |
win |
won |
won |
вигравати, перемагати |
159 |
wring |
wrung |
wrung |
викручувати; стискати |
160 |
write |
wrote |
written |
писати |