- •Tenses in the active voice
- •The indefinite form
- •The Present Indefinite Tense
- •The Past Indefinite Tense
- •The Future Indefinite Tense
- •The continuous form
- •The Present Continuous Tense
- •Past Continuous Tense
- •The Future Continuous Tense
- •The perfect form
- •The Present Perfect Tense
- •The Past Perfect Tense
- •The Future Perfect Tense
- •The Present Perfect Continuous Tense
- •The Past Perfect Continuous Tense
- •Sequence of tenses
- •Indirect speech
- •The passive voice
- •Action verbs and state verbs
- •Present continuous and present simple
- •Appendix 3 Adverbials of time with the present perfect and past simple
- •Overview: the future
- •Overview: uses of tenses and aspects
- •Exercises
- •Verb forms in the indicative mood forms of the indefinite aspect
- •2. Refer the action to the past adding an appropriate time indicator and making other necessary changes. Explain the spelling and pronunciation of the verb endings.
- •3. Insert "shall", "will" and "ll". Give variants wherever possible and account for your suggestions.
- •4. Determine the meaning of the verb forms in terms.
- •6. Now that you know the daily actions of Mr. And Mrs. .Priestley, refute or bear out the following statements.
- •8. Explain the difference in meaning between the sentences in each set and translate them into Russian. By what means are future events expressed?
- •9. Give answers to the following questions using adverbial clauses of time.
- •11. Explain the meaning of the following English proverbs and think of Russian equivalents. Account for the use of the tense in the proverb.
- •12. Complete the following sentences adding a principal or a subordinate clause and account for the use of tenses in the clauses.
- •13. Join the simple sentences into complex sentences using a suitable conjunction from the list.
- •14. Translate the following sentences into English paying special attention to the form of the verb expressing a future action.
- •15. Translate the following sentences into English. Define the type of the subordinate clause and account for the choice of the tense expressing a future action.
- •Indefinite and continuous forms
- •17. Use a continuous form in the required tense choosing a suitable verb from the list. Explain the spelling of the participle.
- •18. Make appropriate questions for these answers. Ask them and give shorter answers: they will sound more natural.
- •19. Determine the meaning of the continuous forms. Do the sentences in this exercise cover alt the meanings of the continuous forms or can you add some more?
- •20. Use the verb in brackets in the present indefinite or the present continuous and comment on the difference in the meaning of the forms, if any.
- •21. Use the verb in brackets in the past indefinite or the past continuous and comment on the difference in the meaning of the form, if any.
- •22. Replace the time indicators by those given in brackets, change the form of the verb accordingly and make other necessary changes.
- •23. Make up sentences out of the parts in columns without changing the form of the verb.
- •24. Explain the difference in meaning (if any) between the continuous and indefinite forms in the following sets of sentences. Translate the sentences choosing a suitable aspect in Russian.
- •25. Answer the following questions using the continuous forms. The phrases in brackets may serve as cues in the suggested situations.
- •26. Make up a situation based on the following sentences, using indefinite and continuous forms. Use the phrases suggested in brackets.
- •27. Make up dialogues based on the following situations, using indefinite and continuous forms. Use the phrases suggested in brackets.
- •28. Translate the following sentences into English using indefinite and continuous forms in the present tense.
- •29. Translate the following sentences into English using indefinite and continuous forms in the required tenses.
- •Indefinite, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous forms
- •30. Choose a suitable verb from those given in brackets and fill in the blanks with the correct form.
- •31. Determine the meaning of the perfect forms.
- •32. Use a perfect form in the required tense choosing a suitable verb from the list.
- •34. Determine the meaning of the past indefinite, present perfect and past perfect in the following sentences. Account for the choice of the forms.
- •35. Use the verb in brackets in the past indefinite, present perfect or past perfect. Account for the choice of the form.
- •36. Paraphrase the following statements using the present perfect or the past indefinite with time indicators introduced by "for", "since", "it is ... Since".
- •37. Complete the following sentences adding a principal or a subordinate clause with a suitable form of the verb.
- •38. Translate the following sentences into English paying special attention to the use of the present perfect, past perfect and past indefinite.
- •39. Explain the difference between the meaning of the italicized forms in the following sets of sentences and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •40. Respond to the following statements or questions using the perfect forms in the suitable tense and aspect; add a time indicator if necessary.
- •41. Complete the following sentences according to the examples using indefinite, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous forms.
- •42. Translate the following sets of sentences into English and account for your choice of perfect and perfect continuous forms.
- •43. Use the appropriate form of the verb with each of the time indicators.
- •45. Translate the following dialogues into English. Explain the meaning of perfect and perfect continuous forms you used.
- •The passive voice
- •I. Determine to what object of the active constructions the subjects of the following passive sentences correspond. Analyse the forms of the verbs. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •II. Change the following sentences into the passive voice using the italicized words as the grammatical subject. Use a by-phrase where indicated.
- •III. Change the following sentences into the passive voice wherever permissible.
- •IV. Answer the following questions in accordance with the example.
- •Sequence of tenses and reported speech
- •II. Change the following direct questions into indirect according to the examples. Answer the questions and report the answers. Mind the pronouns and the word order.
- •III. Change the following statements into questions, answer the questions and report the questions and answers in indirect speech.
- •IV. Ask one another questions about your daily activities using the cues below. Answer the questions and report the questions and answers in indirect speech.
- •V. Turn the following questions and statements into indirect speech. Mind the choice of the auxiliary verb with different pronouns.
- •VI. Translate the following sentences into English observing the sequence of tenses and the rules of presenting reported speech.
- •Tests test 1
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопросы к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте текст в ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 10
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 11
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопросы к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 12
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 13
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 14
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 15
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •Test 16
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 17
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 18
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ:
- •Test 19
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный вариант.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •Test 20
- •I. Прочитайте текст и ответьте на вопросы.
- •II. Поставьте вопрос к подчеркнутому члену предложения.
- •III. Раскройте скобки, употребив правильную глагольную форму.
- •IV. Выберите правильный ответ.
- •V. Переведите на английский язык.
- •VI. Выберите правильный ответ.
25. Answer the following questions using the continuous forms. The phrases in brackets may serve as cues in the suggested situations.
a) At school. What were the pupils doing when the teacher entered the classroom? (to check up one's homework, to do one's written exercises hurriedly, to play and talk, to watch a TV teaching film, to do an exercise in grammar, to open (close) the windows, to look through some books and magazines, to stand at the desks, to sit at one's desk, to make a terrible noise, to clean the blackboard, to write something on the blackboard, etc.).
The bell is ringing. What are the teacher and the pupils doing? (As far as I can see now the teacher is..., the pupils are...) (to enter the classroom, to sit down at one's desks, to write today's date at the top of the blackboard, to get the textbooks and exercise-books out of the bags, to put the desks in order, to switch on one's tape recorders, to hang up a map of England, to open one's books, to hand out the books for a reading lesson, etc.).
b) At the reading-room. What were the students doing in the reading-room (library) when Anne entered? (to sit at the tables reading, to look through journals and newspapers, to look for books on the shelves, to write something out, to read for one's examinations, to talk with the librarian, to return books to the librarian, to talk in a low voice, etc.).
c) At the doctor's. George entered the doctor's reception room without knocking. What was the doctor doing when George came in? (to examine a patient, to examine the patient's lungs and heart, to prescribe a medicine for a patient, to give medicine to a patient, to ask the patient various questions, to discuss a case with a group of students, to tell the patient to undress and lie down on the couch, to feel the patient's pulse, to take the patient's temperature, to ask the patient how he was feeling, to write down something, to read the morning paper, etc.).
d) At the cafeteria. Anne and John go to a cafeteria to have lunch. What are they doing there? I see that... (to look at a menu card, to take something for lunch (e. g. boiled meat and potatoes, smashed potatoes, tomato juice, vegetable dish, fish and chips, fried eggs, roast chicken), to carry the tray with the dishes, to pay the cashier, to have some dessert, to enjoy one's lunch, to hurry to their office as the break for lunch is over, etc.).
26. Make up a situation based on the following sentences, using indefinite and continuous forms. Use the phrases suggested in brackets.
1. We are having visitors tonight (to do the room, to lay the table, to sit down to table, to serve the visitors first, to have an interesting talk, to have a dance). 2. John is leaving for his vacation tomorrow (to pack one's things, to telephone one's friends, not to be late for the train, not to forget one's sports clothes, etc.). 3. I'm not working very hard at the moment (to have spare time, to take regular walks, to work at one's course paper, to feel weak after the flu, to read detective stories, etc.). 4. Mary is being kind, isn't she? (to behave differently, to be known as a cruel person, to be a surprise, to expect such attitude of someone, to be in an especially good humour, etc.) 5. Why don't you accept the offer? I think you are being rather foolish (to think something over, to argue with someone, to have difficulty with your studies, to accept a proposal, etc.).