- •Practice: Task 9
- •Task 10
- •Laboratory work 2
- •Practice: Task 17
- •Task 18
- •Task 19
- •Conversion Task 20
- •Task 21
- •Task 22
- •Task 23
- •Task 24
- •Task 25
- •Task 26
- •Task 27
- •Task 28
- •Task 29
- •Task 30
- •Task 31
- •Laboratory work 3
- •Practice: Task 33
- •Task 34
- •Task 35
- •Task 36
- •Task 37
- •Task 38
- •Practice: shortening Task 39
- •Task 40
- •Task 41
- •Task 42
- •Task 43
- •Task 44
- •Word-formation Task 45
- •Task 46
- •Task 47
- •Laboratory work 5
- •Practice: Task 75
- •Task 76
- •Task 77
- •Task 78
- •Task 79
- •Task 80
- •Task 81
- •Task 82
- •Task 83
- •Task 84
- •Task 85
- •Task 86
- •Task 87
- •Task 88
- •Task 89
- •Practice: Task 92
- •5. Tiresome because it seems to be interminable or to be marked by unremitting sameness
- •Task 93
- •Task 94
- •Task 96
- •Task 97
- •Task 98
- •Task 99
- •Task 100
- •Antonymy Task 103
- •Task104
- •Task 105
- •Task 106
- •Task 107
- •Task 109
- •Task 110
- •Task 111
- •Task 112
- •Task 134
Task 109
Give derivational antonyms to the following:
1. underestimate, v 8. overcharge, v
2. powerful, adj 9. bilateral, adj
3. uniform, adj 10. postdate, v
4. forethought, n 11. needless, adj
5. godly, adj 12. employee, n
6. wrap, v 13. profitable, adj
7. benevolent, adj 14. convergence, n
Task 110
Which is weaker and less sufficient - the syntactic negation with the help of the negative particle not or lexical antonymy?
I am sorry to inform you that we are not at all satisfied with your sister. We are very much dissatisfied with her (Ch. Dickens).
Task 111
Establish the types of these antonyms:
a) antonyms indicating place;
b) antonyms indicating time;
c) antonyms indicating direction;
d) antonyms indicating shape;
e) antonyms indicating quantity;
f) antonyms indicating quality.
1. undergarment - overgarment
2. pre-war - post-war
3. narrow - wide
4. monomorphic - polymorphic
5. chivalrous - cowardly
6. smooth - uneven
7. inwards - outwards
8. glorify - defame
9. local - national
10. shortage – abundance
Task 112
In these "familiar quotations": 1) find the antonyms; 2) identify their types:
a) contrary;
b) contradictory;
c) conversive;
d) vectorial.
1. To find the fault is easy; to do better may be difficult (Plutarch).
2. Rivalry is the life of trade, and the death of the trader (E. Hubbard).
3. Some people say that a wife can ruin her husband if she doesn't give him stability in the home (Eleonor Roosevelt).
4. Our greatest glory consists not in never falling, but in rising every time we fall (O. Goldsmith).
5. It takes less time to do thing right than it does to explain why you did it wrong (H.W. Longfellow).
6. No question is so difficult to answer as that to which the answer is obvious (G.B. Shaw).
7. To be seventy years young is sometimes far more cheerful and hopeful than to be forty years old (O.W. Holmes).
8. I divide all readers into two classes: those who read to remember and those who read to forget (E. Phelps).
9. A small leak will sink a great ship (B. Franklin).
10. I guess the only way to stop divorce is to stop marriage (W. Rogers).
11. If parents could only realize how they bore their children! (G.B. Shaw).
12. Purity is the feminine, truth the masculine of honor (A.W. Hare).
13. Better make a weak man your enemy than your friend (J. Billings).
14. Be slow of tongue and quick of eye (S.M. Servantes).
15. The absent are never without fault. Nor the present without excuse (B. Franklin).
16. Be nice to people on your way up because you’ll meet them on your way down (W. Mizner).
17. ...some say that by the nature of the world there is an opposition between good and evil and that each is metaphysically necessary to the other (W.S. Maugham).
18. In all things it is better to hope than to despair (J.W. Goethe).
19. As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a master. This expresses my idea of democracy (A. Lincoln).
20. Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet (J.J. Rousseau).
21. It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer (W. Blackstone).
22. An angry man opens his mouth and shuts up his eyes (M.P. Cato).
23. Any subject can be made interesting, and therefore any subject can be made boring (H. Belloc).
24. Neither a borrower nor a lender be... (W. Shakespeare).
25. There are some defeats more triumphant than victories (M.E. Montaigne).
Task 113
To each of the following gradable antonyms add the rest of the scale.
1. cold-hot
2. big - small
3. love - hate
4. beautiful - ugly
Task 114
Which of the members in these antonymic pairs are unmarked? Why?
1. old - young
2. heavy- light
3. narrow - wide
Laboratory work 7
“LEXICAL PECULIARITIES OF AMERICAN ENGLISH”
Discussion:
1. Historical Americanisms.
2. Americanisms proper.
3. Americanisms us. Briticisms (of type apartment – flat, subway - underground).
4. Borrowings.
5. Peculiarities of word – formation in American English:
a) affixation;
b) shortening;
c) postpositivation.
6. American idioms.
7. Other peculiarities.
Practice:
Practicum – Tasks 133-134, pp.424-429.
Literature:
1. Arnold I.V. The English Word. – М.: Высш. шк., 1986. – Р.265-270.
2. Ginzburg R.S., Khidekel S.S. Knyazeva G.Y., Sankin A.A. A Course in Modern English Lexicology. – M.: Higher School Publishing House, 1966. – P.14-17.
3. Антрушина Г.Б., Афанасьева О.В., Морозова Н.Н. Лексикология английского языка. – М.: Дрофа, 1999. – С. 259-266.
Practice:
Task 133
Fill the gap with a suitable equivalent from British English or American English.
British English American English British English American English
Shop …… ……. Sidewalk
……… truck cinema …….
……… cookie underground …….
……… schedule car …….
chemist's …….. ……… first floor
tap ……. ……… garbage
luggage …….. …….. elementary school
queue ……… marrow ……….
……… car (of train) ……… flashlight
stone (of fruit) …..