- •Кафедра иностранных языков английский язык
- •Lesson 1 tenses. Active voice
- •2. Make sentences in the Active Voice using these expressions.
- •3. Open the brackets.
- •Make sentences with these verbs and adverbials.
- •5. Translate the text. A trip to london
- •6. Answer the questions
- •7. Look at this grammatical pattern and translate the expressions
- •Lesson 2 passive voice
- •1. Examine carefully the way the sentences are transformed into the passive voice.
- •2. Now transform the following sentences into the passive voice.
- •3. Make sentences in the Passive Voice using these expressions.
- •4. Translate the text. Economic activity
- •6. Answer the questions.
- •7. Examine carefully the following sentences.
- •Lesson 3 modal verbs
- •1. Study carefully the following.
- •4. Translate the following sentences.
- •5. Translate the text production
- •6. Answer the questions
- •7. Transform these sentences into the passive voice.
- •Lesson 4 complex sentences
- •1. Translate the following.
- •2. Translate the text. Economics
- •3. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Translate the following sentences containing the conjunction whether.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •6. Translate the following.
- •7. Be careful in distinguishing these different words.
- •8. Translate the following
- •Abridged clauses with participles
- •9. Study carefully the following.
- •10. Translate the following.
- •Lesson 5 sequence of tenses
- •1. Examine carefully the following.
- •2. Translate the following.
- •Translate the text. Economic theories
- •Answer the questions.
- •Translate the following.
- •Lesson 6 conditional sentenses
- •1. Study carefully the following.
- •2. Translate the following.
- •4. Translate the text. People in employment
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •Translate the following.
- •Lesson 7 participles 1 and 2 as attributes
- •1. Using this pattern translate the following.
- •2. Study carefully this pattern and translate the following.
- •3. Transform the following sentences into those containing Participles 1 and 2.
- •4. Translate the text. Types of business organization
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •Translate the following.
- •Lesson 8
- •Infinitives
- •1. Translate the following
- •2. Translate the following.
- •3. Translate the following
- •4. Translate the following.
- •5. Translate the following.
- •6. Study carefully this pattern and translate the following.
- •7. Study carefully this pattern and translate the following.
- •8. Translate the text. Money
- •9. Answer the questions.
- •Lesson 9 participle 1
- •Examine carefully the following.
- •2. Translate the following.
- •3. Study carefully the following.
- •Independent clause with participle 1
- •4. Translate the following sentences.
- •5. Translate the text. Growth of the organization
- •Answer the questions.
- •Lesson 10
- •1. Elementary gerund
- •2. Gerund clause
- •3. Abridged gerund clause
- •4. Translate the text. Banking transactions
- •5. Answer the questions.
- •Additional exercises
- •1. Subject with the Infinitive.
- •2. Object with the infinitive
- •4. Infinitives as clauses of purpose.
- •5. Infinitives as attributes.
- •6. All infinitive constructions.
- •7. Participle 1 as attribute.
- •8. Participle 1 as adverbial.
- •9. Participle 1 in an independent clause.
- •10. All constructions with participle 1.
- •11. Elementary gerund.
- •12. Gerund clause.
2. Gerund clause
Если слева от герундия имеется имя существительное (стоящее в притяжательном падеже, если оно указывает на лицо, т.е. человека) или притяжательное местоимение, то герундий образует герундиальный оборот, который переводится придаточным предложением с союзом то, что или выражением тот факт, что.
Образец
I know nothing of John’s being ill.
John’s being ill prompted us to change our plans.
We managed to finish our work in spite of John’s being ill.
We changed our plans because of John’s being ill.
Я ничего не знаю о том, что Джон болен.
То, что Джон болен, заставило нас изменить наши планы.
Мы смогли закончить нашу работу несмотря на то, что Джон болен.
Мы изменили наши планы из-за того, что Джон болен.
Следующий образец позволит Вам понять различия в переводе всех четырех форм герундия.
His teaching English at our school is news for me.
My good English is the result of his having taught English at our school.
His being taught English is news for us.
He speaks poor English in spite of his having been taught English for two years.
Тот факт, что он преподает английский в нашей школе, хорошая новость для меня.
Мой хороший английский — это результат того, что он преподавал английский в нашей школе.
То, что ему преподают английский язык, — новость для нас.
Он плохо говорит по-английски несмотря на то, что ему преподавали английский в течение двух лет.
Translate the following sentences.
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There’s talk of our manager’s trying to invite him to our company.
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In this economic system no one can be better off without someone else being worse off.
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They are against this measure being carried out.
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What is the point in the students’ taking this course?
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There’s chance of your money having been stolen.
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The French are very sensitive about Hollywood’s overwhelming their cinemas.
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The book tells us of there being several interpretations of the Great Depression.
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This could lead to our damaging the image of our company.
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How successful we will be will depends on our being able to use the new equipment efficiently.
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Our management did not object to our attending this year footwear show.
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In this situation, the possibility of our obtaining money on credit is great.
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There is no excuse for our producing so much waste.
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I still doubt of the price for this equipment being low enough for us.
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There’s nothing surprising in John’s having been chosen to do this work.
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Scientists have identified a gene responsible for babies being born with this disability.
3. Abridged gerund clause
Если левое от герундия существительное (в герундиальном обороте) идентично существительному, стоящему в позиции подлежащего, то это предгерундиальное имя опускается.
Образец
On being asked he told the truth.
Because of being ill he cannot attend the lecture.
In addition to being a politician he is also a world-class economist.
Besides being given additional benefits they got an annual bonus.
После того как его спросили, он сказал правду.
Из-за того, что он болен, он не может посетить эту лекцию.
Кроме того, что он является политиком, он еще и экономист мирового класса.
Помимо того, что им дали дополнительные привилегии, они получили годовую премию.
Translate the following sentences.
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Despite being John’s favourite he was fired.
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The measure came close to being approved.
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The Government admits of being aware of the facts.
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Prior to being tested the applicants were coached for two weeks.
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They complained of being excluded from sharing the gains.
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In spite of being the soul of the company he was forced to leave.
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They rely on being big rather than on being right.
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After being let out of jail he managed to be hired for a good job.
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We’ll benefit from being able to produce more.
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This let him accuse me of not being up to date.
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Due to its being very costly this equipment cannot be installed here.
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This raw material cannot be used in our production line without being properly tested.
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After being properly tested and sorted the raw materials were brought in.