Grammar exercises

Grammar Revision:

• Conditionals

• Word-building

Exercise 1. Write sentences using the zero conditional based on the cues below.

1. drive a car/pollute the air

2. exercise regularly/keep fit

3. drink plenty of water/help the body properly function

4. eat too much salt/risk high blood pressure

5. boil cherries/colour changes to pink

6. sit in front of the computer screen for long periods/eyes get sore

7. take a year off / go travelling for a few months

Exercise 2. Claire is finishing school and planning her future. Write sentences about her, using the first conditional.

1. go abroad to study  meet a lot of interesting people

2. do well in her final exams  get a place at University

3. get a job  earn some money

4. go to university  have better career prospects in the future

5. go abroad  learn some new languages

Exercise 3. Write the verbs in the correct tense.

1. If you (cut down on) sweets, you'll lose weight.

1. If you (pour) water on a fire, the fire goes out

2. If you add sugar to your coffee, you (make) it sweet.

3. If Clare is late, we (not/wait) for her.

4. If she (not/do) her homework, the teacher will be angry.

5. If he touches the oven, he (burn) himself.

6. If you heat metal, it (become) liquid.

7. If I (have) some free time, I'll drop by.

8. If he gets the job, he (be) very happy.

9. If I (see) Paul, I'll give him the book.

Exercise 4. Fill in: if, when, unless.

1. ____ you finish your homework, you can't go to the party.

2. ____ you don't run, you will miss the bus.

3. ____ you are ready to leave, call me.

4. ____ it stops raining, we won't go for a walk.

5. ____ you eat your dinner, you can have some cake,

6. ____ he comes soon, we will have to leave without him.

7. ____ you finish the report, give it to the manager.

8. ____ you like this soup, you can have some more.

9. ____ you leave the house, lock the door.

10 .____ we save some money, we can't go on holiday this year.

Exercise 5. Put the verbs in the correct form, Past Simple or would.

1. If I (live) in the country, I (have) a dog.

2.. If I (have) a lot of money, I (not, work ).

3.. I (go) to the party if I (not be) so busy.

4.. What ___you ___ (do) if someone (give ) you a million dollars?

5.. If I (be) you, I (look) for another job.

Exercise 6. Rewrite the following sentences using the Second Conditional.

Example: I’m not rich. I don’t live in a big house.

1. He eats a lot of sweets. He’s fat.

2. She smokes forty cigarettes a day. She coughs a lot.

3. He does not understand Portuguese. He won’t work in Brazil.

4. They don’t have a garden. They don’t grow vegetables.

5. I don’t have a boat. I won’t sail around the world.

Exercise 7. Put the verbs in brackets in the correct tense to form either a First or a Second Conditional Clause.

1. If it (rain) this weekend, we (not be able) to play tennis.

2. Give me Peter's letter. If I (see) him, I (give) it to him.

3. I have to work about 80 hours a week, so I'm very busy. But if I (have)

any spare time, I (take up) a sport like golf.

4. If I (be) taller, I (can) be a policeman, but I'm too short. 5 . Please start your meal. If you (not have) your soup now, it (go) cold.

6 .What noisy neighbours you've got! If my neighbours (be) as bad as

yours, I (go) crazy.

7. If you (have) any problems, let me know and I (come) and help you

straight away.

8. You're a brilliant cook! If I (can) cook as well as you, I (open) a

restaurant.

9. If there (be) some nice fish in the supermarket, you (buy) some for

supper?

10. 'We have mice in the kitchen.' – 'If you (have) a cat, the mice soon

(disappear).'

Exercise 8. Complete the sentences by writing the verbs in the correct form, using the Third Conditional.

1. If I (look out) of the window, I (see) the robbers.

2. If I (see) the robbers, I (phone) the police.

3. If I (phone) the police, they (catch) the robbers.

4. If they (catch) the robbers, I (get) a reward.

5. I (not go) to the jazz concert, if I (not meet) Tony.

6. If I (not meet) Tony, he (not introduce) me to his friend, Ben.

7. If Ben (not ask) me out, we (not get engaged).

8. If we (not get engaged), we (not have) a big party.

Exercise 9. Finish each of these sentences so that it means the same as the sentence printed before it. Use the Third Conditional in each case. Make any changes that are necessary.

Example: Sanford didn’t shoot the lion because it ran to the cover.

If the lion hadn’t run to the cover Sanford would have shot it.

1. They didn’t go out because it rained.

If it ___.

2. He only passed because he saw the questions before the exams.

If he ___.

3. He became very fat because he didn’t do any exercise.

If he____.

4. He failed his driving test because he didn’t stop at a red light.

He would ___.

5. He left home late and missed the train.

He wouldn’t ___.

6. They won the match because they scored in the last minute.

They would ___.

7. I had to go to summer school because I failed my exams.

I wouldn’t ___.

8. I didn’t go to the concert because I didn’t know about it.

If I ___.

Exercise 10. Complete the sentences, using the information in brackets and the correct conditionals.

1. If you have an early night (you / feel better in the morning).

2. If you didn't go out so much, (you / save more money).

3. If you hadn't told her, (she / not find out).

4. If you invite them, (they / come).

5. If you had asked me for the address, (I / give it to you).

6. If you wore your new suit, (you / look very smart).

7. If I had stayed to the end of the party, (I / meet them)

8. If he had left home, (they / be very upset).

9. If I bring my camera, (I / take your photograph).

Exercise 11. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1. It rained all day. If the weather (not be) so bad we (go out). 2. We expect Mary to be here soon. If she (not arrive), we (phone) her. 3. I sleep badly. If I (not get) enough sleep I (not get) much work done. 4. We went to Paris. If we (not go) to Paris , we (not have) such a good time. 5. My brother doesn't do any work. If he (work) harder, he (pass) his exams. 6. Jane and John like each other. If he (ask) her to dance, she (say) yes. 7. This is an old computer. If you (not press) 'Save' you (lose) your work. 8. I did German at school. If I (do) English, I ( get) a better job? 9. There's a bus. If we (get on) that one, we (arrive) in time. 10. I can't see a bus. But even if we (catch) a bus now, we (be) late.

Exercise 12. Put the verb in brackets in the correct tense to form either the first, second, third, or zero conditional. There are also some examples of mixed conditionals.

1. If I still (feel) sick, I (not go) on holiday next weekend.

2. You make such delicious chocolate cakes! If you (sell) them, you (make) a fortune.

3. Hello, Liz. Are you still looking for Pat? If I (see) her, I (tell) her you want to speak to her.

4. If Alice (go) to Exeter University, she (not met) her husband, Andrew.

5. 'Does she love him?' 'Of course she does. If she (not love) him, she (not marry) him.'

6. If you (buy) two apples, you (get) one free.

7. ‘What (you/do) if you (see) a ghost?’ ‘I (run) a mile!’

8. We're lost. If we (bring) the map with us, we (know) where we are.

9. You were very lucky to catch the fire in time. If you (not/have) a smoke alarm fitted, the house (burn down).

10. You were very rude to Max. If I (be) you, I (apologize).

11. Ashley is allergic to cheese. If he (eat) cheese, he (get) an awful rash.

12. We've run out of petrol. If you (listen) to me sometimes instead of being so stubborn, you (hear) me saying that we were getting low. Then we (not be) stuck here.

Exercise 13.Translate into English using in case, unless, provided that, when, as soon as, before, if.

1. Мы сумеем купить машину при условии, что они не поднимут цены. 2. Позвони мне, как только узнаешь результаты экзаменов. 3. Вы должны быть в офисе пораньше на тот случай, если шеф придет к девяти. 4. Выставка продлится до июня, если будет много посетителей. 5. Он закончит всю работу, прежде чем начнется конференция. 6. Если не будешь тренироваться много, ты не выиграешь это соревнование. 7. В случае, если вам понадобится помощь, обращайтесь к полицейскому. 8. Позвонишь мне, когда будешь в городе?

Exercise 14. Translate into English. Use First, Second or Third Conditionals.

1. Ты узнал бы его, если бы встретил его сейчас? 2. Мне скучно отвечать на телефонные звонки, и я не люблю работать с документами. Что бы ты сделал на моем месте? – Я бы сменил работу. 3. Если бы он не учился в то время в Оксфорде, он бы не встретил Мери. 4. Мы остановимся в отеле, если там будут недорогие номера. 5. Он не поедет за город, если не починит свою машину. 6. Если вы здесь покупаете товаров на тысячу рублей, то всегда получаете скидку. 7. На твоем месте я бы был повежливее с полицейским. 8. Наши документы были потеряны в такси. Если бы не потеряли их, мы бы тогда уехали вместе со всеми. 9. Если бы я мог, я бы поехал в Европу этим летом. Но у меня слишком много работы. 10. Если бы я знал в то время, что процент так высок, я не брал бы кредита.

Exercise 15.Form verbs using the following suffixes:

-fy: simple, intense, pure,

-ize, -ise : character, nation, patron, crystal.

-en: broad, short, wide, strength , sharp.

Things to do

Task 1. Make notes to answer the questions and give reasons for your answers.

1. Do you like going shopping on your own, with friends or with your family?

2. Do you ever buy second-hand clothes? Why / Why not?

3. Which do you think is better ordering things from a catalogue or buying them from a shop?

4. Would you be happy to buy something over the Internet?

5. Which do you prefer: saving money or spending money?

Task 2. Discuss in pairs your answers to the questions above.

I really like going shopping with…because…

No, I don’t. I suppose it’s because….

That’s a good question. I think that…

As for me, I prefer

Task 3. Read, translate and comment on the following.

Almost all of us get some kind of pleasure from shopping. But some people feel a strong need to buy and often spend large sum of money in shops. They are addicted to shopping. Do you know such people? What do they buy? Do they buy things on sale? What problems can they have as a result of shopping addiction?

Task4. Writing a letter of complaint.

Imagine you bought a pair of jeans but the first time that you wore them the zip broke. You went to the shop but the shop assistant refused to change them. Write a letter of complaint. Use the following letter as the example:

24 Market Street,

Middleton,

Manchester, M24 6HD

June 16, 2009

Clock World,

17 Tower Road,

London, SW12

Dear sir/Madam,

I am writing to you about the watch I bought from your shop on 12 May. I enclose copies of the guarantee and the receipt.

In your advert you claim that the watch is waterproof. However, the first time I went swimming, the watch stopped working. When I took them back to the shop, the assistant said it was my fault and I hadn’t read the instructions carefully.

I would like you to refund my money. Unless I receive a satisfactory reply, I will write to the Consumer Association.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,

P. Black.

UNIT 12