- •Оглавление
- •Введение
- •Unit 1 service industry
- •Assignments
- •St. Petersburg State University of Service and Economics
- •Words and expressions
- •Service industry
- •Words and expressions
- •Which are personal qualities required for working in the service industry?
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •The Sights
- •Cathedrals, Churches and Monasteries
- •Bridges
- •Theatres
- •Festivals
- •The suburbs
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Indefinite pronouns some / any and their derivatives
- •Things to do
- •Unit 3 higher education in the uk
- •Assignments
- •Types of English universities
- •Entrance to British universities
- •The university system in Britain
- •Variety of other British higher institutions
- •Words and expressions
- •1. At an International Conference.
- •2. A Television Interview.
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Unit 4 higher education in the usa
- •Assignments
- •Categories of institution in the usa
- •Involvement in learning
- •Changes in American higher education
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Unit 5 political system in the uk
- •Words and expressions
- •Political system of the usa
- •The us Constitution
- •The Legislative Branch
- •The Executive Branch
- •The Judicial Branch
- •Major Political Parties
- •Elections
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Words and expressions
- •Assignments
- •Travelling by air
- •Words and expressions
- •Travelling by train
- •Britain Rail’s Services
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Things to do
- •Unit 7 at the customs
- •Assignments
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit 8 meals
- •Meals and Mealtimes in Britain
- •Sunday Roast
- •Eating out in London
- •Restaurants
- •International and fusion cuisine
- •Fast food
- •Ordering food
- •Grammar exercises
- •2. Be a host and a guest in turns.
- •3. Project Work:
- •Unit 9 accommodation
- •How to book
- •Classification
- •Yha Hostels
- •Independent Hostels
- •University Accommodation
- •Bed and Breakfast
- •Guesthouses
- •Rental Accommodation
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Unit 10 london
- •Assignments
- •Buckingham Palace
- •Houses of Parliament
- •Westminster Abbey
- •St. Paul’s Cathedral
- •Trafalgar Square
- •Nelson`s Column
- •The Tower of London
- •Piccadilly Circus
- •Shakespeare`s Globe Theatre
- •Covent Garden
- •Downing Street
- •The Charles Dickens Museum
- •Neasden Temple
- •Royal parks
- •British Library
- •Changing the Guard
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Indirect Speech
- •Order tell ask beg suggest
- •Things to do
- •Unit 11 shopping
- •Shopping in London
- •Words and expressions
- •Assignments
- •Marks & Spencer Britain's Favourite Store
- •How did it all begin?
- •What are the best-sellers?
- •Why is m&s so successful?
- •I’m not a shopaholic!
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •The media
- •National and local newspapers in the usa
- •Radio and television in the usa
- •The press in the uk
- •Television and Radio in the uk
- •Words and expressions
- •Assignments
- •Machine Dreams
- •Words and expressions
- •Grammar exercises
- •Infinitive
- •Things to do
- •Grammar reference present forms Present Simple
- •Present Continuous
- •State verbs
- •Present Perfect
- •Present Perfect Continuous
- •Past forms The past forms of be
- •Past Simple
- •Past continuous
- •Past Perfect
- •Past Perfect Continuous
- •Future forms
- •The Future Simple
- •Going to, planning to
- •The Present Continuous
- •The Present Simple
- •The Future Continuous
- •The Future Perfect
- •The Future Perfect Continuous
- •Articles
- •Adjectives
- •Pronouns
- •Some/Any/No
- •A little/Little
- •Modal verbs
- •Functions of modal verbs
- •Passive voice
- •Personal / Impersonal passive constructions
- •Reported speech
- •1 Change of tenses
- •2 Verbs and conjunctions used for reporting
- •3 Word order in reported questions
- •Conditionals
- •Infinitive – gerund – participles The Infinitive
- •The Gerund
- •The Participles
- •Suffixes Common suffixes for nouns
- •Common suffixes for adjectives
- •Prefixes used to form opposites
- •Other prefixes which change meaning
- •Prepositions of Time: at, in, on
- •Bibliography
- •Заключение
- •191015, Г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Кавалергардская, д. 7
Future forms
We can refer to future actions with 1) the Future Simple, 2) be going to,
3) the Present Continuous, 4) the Present Simple, 5) the Future Continuous, 6) the Future Perfect, 7) the Future Perfect Continuous.
The Future Simple
Positive Form |
Negative Form |
Question Form |
I/you/he/she/it/we/ they’ll (=will) call |
I/you/he/she/it/we/they won’t (=will not ) call |
Will I/you/he/she/it/we/ they call? |
1. The Future Simple is used in predictions about the future usually with
think, believe, be afraid, probably, etc.
His parents think he will become an artist one day.
2 For promises, threats, warnings, requests, hopes, etc.
Stop talking or I’ll send you out of the class.
3 For on-the-spot decisions or offers.
It’s late. I’ll take a taxi home.
4. For actions/events/situations which will definitely happen in the future
and which we cannot control.
Winter will set early this year.
Going to, planning to
Positive Form |
Negative Form |
Question Form |
I’m going to / planning to buy a car |
I’m not going to / planning to buy a car |
Am I going / planning to buy a car? |
You / we / they’re going to / planning to buy a car. |
You / we / they’re not going to / planning to buy a car. |
Are you /we /they going to / planning to buy a car? |
Going to, planning to is used for plans, intentions or ambitions.
He’s going to buy a sports car.
Going to is used in predictions when there is evidence that something will happen in the near future.
Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.
The Present Continuous
The Present Continuous is used for fixed arrangements in the near future.
He’s flying to Turkey next month. He has already booked his flight.
The Present Simple
The Present Simple is used for timetables / programmes.
The ferry leaves at eight o’clock tomorrow morning.
The Future Continuous
Positive Form |
Negative Form |
Question Form |
I’ll (=will) + be + -ing |
I won’t (=will not) + be + -ing |
Will you be + -ing? |
I’ll be flying. |
I won’t be flying. |
Will you be flying? |
1 The Future Continuous is used for actions which will be in progress at a
stated future time.
This time next week he’ll be flying to Spain.
2 For actions which will definitely happen in the future, as a result of a
routine or arrangement. I’ll be seeing Jim at work later on today.
3 When we ask politely about someone’s plans for the near future, in order
to see if our wishes fit in with their plans.
‘Will you be going to the dentist this afternoon?’ ‘Yes. Why?’
‘Can you make an appointment for me to see him.’
The Future Perfect
Positive Form |
Negative Form |
Question Form |
I’ll (=will) + have + done |
I won’t (=will not) + have + done |
Will you + have + done? |
The Future Perfect is used for actions which will be finished before a stated future time. We will have returned home by Sunday afternoon.