Задание 6 Подготовьтесь к лексическому диктанту:

Слова для запоминания:

1. confront

2. fit

3. insight

4. interaction

5. surface

6. tyre

7. precision

8. measurement

9. improvement

10. damage

11. crucial

12. improve

13. comply

14. enable

15. durability

16. influence

17. reference

18. framework

19. compare

20. compatibility

21. level

22. validate

Тема 5 Преимущества некоторых автомобилей

Цель: овладеть новой лексикой и условными предложениями.

Студент должен:

иметь представление:

• о преимуществах современных марок автомобилей;

знать:

• условные предложения;

• определенный минимум лексических единиц по данной теме;

уметь:

• прочитать, перевести и пересказать текст, использовать его в коммуникативно-обращенном устном монологическом высказывании.

Тематика текстов для чтения: Легкий грузовик с экономичным расходом топлива. Тяжелый грузовик с независимой подвеской.

Грамматика: условные предложения;

Виды практических занятий: лексические и грамматические упражнения: упр.464,469, 472, 475 (1), упр.2, 3, 5, 8 стр. 123-127 (2); перевод и пересказ текстов.

Вид контроля: устный и письменный опрос. Текст 1 Легкий грузовик с экономичным расходом топлива

LIGHT TRUCK FUEL ENCOMY

Задание 1 Выпишите слова в тетрадь и переведите их на русский язык, пользуясь словарем на стр.94.

downsized power plant addition associate achieve generally payload curb accommodate overdesign load strength reinforce cruising drag feasible displacement constraint converter

Задание 2 Чтение и перевод текста: Легкий грузовик с экономичным расходом топлива

LIGHT TRUCK FUEL ECONOMY

In developing optimum specifications for fuel-efficient light trucks, weight reduction, downsized frontal area, aerodynamic improvements, and power plant sizing must be considered, in addition to other factors.

The fuel economy improvement associated with weight reduction must be considered relative to other means of improving economy, since weight reduction is not easy to achieve in light trucks without downsizing. Light trucks are generally considered "weight efficient" since they frequently carry payloads 25,50, or even 100 percent greater than their base curb weights.

If the base structure of a vehicle must be designed to accommodate payloads, then it will essentially be "over designed" when running unloaded. This payload requirements renders weight reduction of light trucks very difficult.

Weight reduction via engine downsizing (if possible, considering performance and emission requirements), designing with high strength steels, and use of plastic 136

and aluminum for structural and non-structural components are being studied. Use of graphite-fiber reinforced components is also being considered, though technical problems exist.

With present technology, the stages of fuel economy improvements may be as follows:

• determine minimum power requirements to achieve the requisite acceleration and grade speed cruising performance;

• reduce aerodynamic drag and frontal area to minimum feasible levels;

• reduce road load power consumption due to tires, weight, and other power train losses;

• select the smallest possible displacement engine which will deliver acceptable performance while considering durability, emissions, engineering and manufacturing constraints, and other factors;

• reduce engine operating rpm to the lowest possible levels considering NVH factors;

• fully optimize automatic transmissions by adding torque converter lockup devices;

• tailor transmission size to engine power output to optimize part-load efficiency;

• consider alternative technology to improve fuel technology.