Apimondia 2015 Abstract book (South Korea)

BEO-034

Beekeeping technology and quality issues in India: Contribution of VSBT, Baramati

Dhananjay Wakhle1, Vivek Khalokar2, Sushama Chaphalkar2

1Vidya Pratishthan's School of Biotechnology, Baramati, Dist. Pune, MH, India

2Vidya Pratishthan's School of Biotechnology, Baramati, Dist. Pune, Maharashtra, India

Honey collection (hunting), as depicted on rock paintings found in Central India and use of honey is known as per Ayurvedic systems for medicine and health in India since ancient times. However, beekeeping as an industry to some extent has been a recent development since last 50 – 60 years only. Beekeeping activities are restricted to some pockets. Moreover, perhaps India is the only country blessed with 4-5 species of natural honeybee colonies. Diversity of honey bees ecotypes, biology and behavior demands specific technologies for respective targeted activities. At present, the main focus of beekeeping in India is for production of honey to meet demand in local market and for export. Estimated total of about 70,000 tonnes of honey, including honey from giant rock bees Apis dorsata in forests and mountains, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana from apiaries and even from Apis florea and to some extent produced from stingless bees Trigona irridipennis. The demand of beekeeping for honey and other valuable bee products besides for pollination of crops by honey bee colonies to increase yields, have been increasing very rapidly due to awareness and publicity. The most potential areas in different states in India in general and especially Baramati and other areas in Maharashtra state, the beekeeping may boost by systematic planning and application of modern technologies. In view of this the VSBT, Baramati, has been undertaking various training programmes and need based research projects to promote beekeeping among farmers. The data and results are presented in this paper.

BEO-042

The meliponiculture for honey production in Thailand

Duangphakdee O., Rod-im P.

King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Ratchaburi Campus, Bangkok, Thailand

Honey from stingless bees has recently become of interest because of its medicinal properties. Comparisons of honey and propolis yields from four common species of stingless bee of Thailand (Trigona pagdeni, Trigona laeviceps, Trigona terminata, Trigona fuscobalteata) kept in the wooden boxes showed that the total yields from best to worst for honey production was T. pagdeni, T. laeviceps, T. terminata and then T. fuscobalteata; and for propolis T. terminata, T. pagdeni, T. laeviceps and T. fuscobalteata respectively. The compositions of honey from three stingless bee species, T. pegdeni, T.laeviceps and T. terminata, collected from experimental areas in Ratchaburi province, Thailand were analyzed for apparent reducing sugar, calculated as invert sugar, moisture content, apparent sucrose, water insoluble solids, mineral (ash), acidity, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural and food additives contents. The results revealed that stingless bee honey has free acidity and moisture content higher than maximum established for A. mellifera honey while total reducing sugars content were lower than a minimum established for A. mellifera honey.

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BEO-022

Indonesian beekeeping in maximizing its development and honey bee products

Musthoha Iskandar1, Mohammad Candra2, James Hutagalung3, Budi Santosa2

1 President Director Forest Owned Enterprise Perhutani, Indonesia

2 Indonesian Apiculture Association, Indonesia

3 Departement Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga and Indonesian Apiculture Association,

Indonesia

Background: Beekeeping is an environmentally friendly agribusiness and useful in improving the community welfare, especially for people around the forest. It increases income and nutritional quality by providing bee products such as honey, pollen, royal jelly, propolis etc. Additionally, bees are very potentia pollinators in agriculture. Three main beekeeping activities in Indonesia are: collecting honey of forest bees (Apis dorsata), cultivating local honey bee Apis cerana & Trigona as well Apis mellifera. Method: One of State-Forest Owned Enterprises, (Perum perhutani), initiated to focus the development in three areas, West Java for Apis cerana, Central Java for Apis mellifera and in East Java A. cerana and Trigona. The methods applied: 1. Business Evaluation, 2. Participatory approach, 3. Policy Maker approach, 4. Technology Guidance and Training, 5. Demonstration Plot. The results are improvement of A mellifera beekeeping in Central Java and East Java new product development of ready to drink honey water and also in West Java for Apis cerana. Conclusion: some improvements, high participation of beekeeping stakes holders are urgently needed. Current policy of forestry development switching from forest maximizing to sustainable forest. The new paradigm of forest resource management in the future is not solely the production approach, but should include natural resource management (Resource Based Management), cooporating the synergy of ecological, economic and social community through pro-community development approach (Community Based Development).

BEO-037

Beekeeping in Mongolia

Khaliunaa Tsevegmid

HB GROUP NGO, Mongolia

In Mongolia first introduction of honeybee Apis mellifera was in 1959 and it has been scientifically developing since mid of the 70s. Ten years later the number of bee colonies was reached to nearly 4000 only in the forest steppe zone. Economy transition period–since 1990 two decades in Mongolia the number of bee colonies and beekeepers was dropped-off. However, it is now increasing and attracts interests of many people, thanks to few specialists who saved the root of the beekeeping in Mongolia during the crisis period. Raising interest to have and keep bee colonies influences very positively to livelihood of families in countryside of the country and good as well as to the natural vegetation cover. Nowadays Mongolia has around 500 beekeepers, of them 96% are beginners or hobby beekeepers and only 4% is more professional people who have at least 50 and more bee colonies and 20 years work experiences. We will present and discuss in detail the beekeeping status of Mongolia.

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BEO-001

Beekeepers’ perceptions of agricultural cooperatives: Case study of milas district

Tayfun Cukur

Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Turkey

Agricultural cooperatives are very important organizations for farmers in rural areas. Farmers could buy cheaper agricultural inputs through cooperatives, sell their agricultural products more expensive thanks to the cooperative. Also agricultural cooperatives could contribute to agricultural production increases.

Agricultural ccoperatives can be classified as follows agricultural services and procurement (purchasing) cooperatives, agricultural processing and marketing cooperatives, agricultural production cooperatives, and agricultural credit cooperatives. Agricultural cooperatives are established to protect the economic rights of farmers and to gain more profits. Milas district has a significant potential for beekeeping. As of 2013, beekeeping activities carried out 67 neighborhoods (village) in Milas district. There are 726 beekeepers in Milas district. Milas district has a 133 955 hives. Total honey production is 3348 tonnes and wax production is 2248 kg in the district. The research depends on survey data will be collected from beekeepers in Milas district. There are three objectives of this research. The first aim of the research is to determine the socio-economic status of the beekeepers. The second aim of the research is to determine the perspectives of beekeepers about cooperatives. The third aim of the research is to identify factors that impact on the cooperative membership of beekeepers.

Symposium: Current Situation of Beekeeping Economy

BEO-038

21 Century: The status and trend of beekeeping development in China

Lihong CHEN1, Ming Xu2, Jie Wu3, Pinpin Hu3, Jianmei Wang3

1 Apicultural science association of China

2 Department of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)

3 Institute of Apicultural Research of CAAS, Apicultural Science Association of China

China is an ancient country, a big agricultural country and also a large apicultural country in the world. China beekeeping has a long and rich history. The Chinese government has attaches importance to the protection of beekeeping. Since the national strategy of The 12th Five-year-plan of National Beekeeping and the National Beekeeping Regulation issued, China apiculture has made enormous strides and well developed. In 2014, Apicultural Science Association of China (ASAC) statistics show that China possesses approximately 9,200,000 honeybee hives, 300,000 beekeepers, over one thousand bee products enterprises and academic institutions on apiculture in the whole country. The output of honey is averagely 400, 000 tons, royal jelly 4,000 tons, bee pollen 4000 tons, beeswax 6000tons, propolis 400 tons and some drone pupae and larvae per year in China. 50% of the all bee products are exported to EU, Oceania, American, African and Asian countries. More importantly, ASAC

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has set up more and more Bases of Bee Products Safety and Standardization in main beekeeping provinces and has made a great improvement on bee products quality.

BEO-016

Improving beekeeping economy by moving bee colonies

Tibor Vargapál

PROMED - velie produkty, s.r.o., Slovakia

Climate changes and intensification of economy in recent years led to a reduction in the number of regular honey harvests from 3 or 4 harvests per year to 1 or 2, what is not sufficient for beekeeping economy. We solved this situation by moving bee colonies to have 3 or 4 honey harvests per year. We move bee colonies after rapeseed honey harvest to acacia forests and then is one part of bee colonies moved to linden forests and another part to raspberry fields. After that we move bee colonies to conifer forests for honeydew. After above mentioned main honey harvests we move bee colonies to Solidago canadensis fields, so bees can collect enough pollen for winter generation and honey for winter, so we can reduce costs for feeding for winter.

This is how we are trying to ensure good economy of beekeeping.

BEO-033

An overview of apiculture and its constraints in Nepal

Sunil Aryal1, Chuleui JUNG2

1Entomology Division, NARC, Nepal

2Andong National University, Republic of Korea

Beekeeping has been in practice since ancient time in Nepal. It is one of the high value and income-generating activities for majority of people in Nepal. Diverse climatic conditions of Nepal inhabit five species of honeybee out of which Apis laboriosa, A. dorsata, A. cerena, A. florea are native whereas Apis mellifera was introduced and is being reared commercially. Three sub-species of A. cerana, viz. A. cerana indica, A. cerana himalaya and A. cerana cerana are colonized in different regions of Nepal. A. cerena is cultivated on local as well as in modern bee hive. However, most of the annual honey production comes from wild honeybee. Number of hives recorded during 2012/13 was 169,000 with 1625 MT of honey production. Hive productivity is very low due to problems associated with apiculture. Inadequate knowledge on benefit of pollination, low quality of A. cerena, inadequate bee research program, colony migration and absconding, pesticide application, inadequate data on bee floral identification and carrying capacity, quality control, and poor hive management are the major concerns for beekeeping in Nepal. Though attempts have been made to address a few issues such as pest and disease management, behavioral study of wild honey bees, pollination and floral diversity, but most of the problems are unattended because researches on beekeeping is very scattered and not well organized. Ample opportunities are available to promote apiculture for pollination and hive product. This paper reviews on honeybee diversity, honey production, problems in apiculture, and areas for future study in Nepal.

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BEO-027

Pine honeydew honey; importance, conditions of production and economy

Muhsin Dogaroglu1, Banu Yucel2, Gamze Saner3

1Doga Beekeeping Company, Tekirdag/Turkey

2Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Izmir/Turkey

3Ege University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Economy, Izmir/Turkey

Pine honeydew honey is produced by honeybees from secretions of endemic insect (Marchalin a hellenica Genn.) that of indigenous from the coast of Aegean Sea with part of West Coast Meditearraen and they make it into richly flavoured reminisce nt of sweet molasses. The pine honeydew honey offers such a unique physicochemical parameters that it is not similar to any other honey. In general, sucrose level of pine honeydew honey determines below the CODEX and EU standards whereas reducing sugar, mineral contents and pH levels could be found higher so, special properties of pine honeydew honey necessitate a specific consideration of CODEX different from floral honey. Otherwise, most pine honeydew honey might be considered out of standart and tricky. Turkey ranks the 2nd place for number of bee hives and 4th place for honey producing in the World beside of the the biggest honeydew honey producer and exporter in it. While the production amount could be change by years, 92-95% (app.25.000 tonnes) of the pine honey in the world is produced in the Aegean region of Turkey. Mugla Province obtains only app.80% of the Turkish pine honeydew honey production. Turkey exports 95% of the annual production of pine honey. There is a great demand for Turkish Pine Honey from abroad with its quality and aroma. Provided that some measures are taken, Turkey is surely ready to share with whole world “sweet blessing” god gifted to this unique geography.

BEO-005

The Beekeeping Economy in Japan

John Hamilton

Aichi University, Japan

This presentation will begin with an analysis of a strawberry house pollination contract in Japan. The speaker has lived in Japan for more than 30 years with long 'holidays' in England, and contrived to keep bees in both countries for most of that time. At present his bees in Japan are in a bamboo thicket in Seto Akazu near to Nagoya. It is April and shade and ventilation are about right, but there is a danger that bamboo shoots will come up under the hives and tip them over. So they have to be watched carefully. Japanese beekeepers migrate. The Aichi beekeepers from around here start the year pollinating strawberries in greenhouses. Honey starts coming in about now from clover, vetch and then Acacia and Citrus. Next the pollination of pears (Nashi) in Anjo and Sanage is important. At the end of May beekeepers truck their bees north to Iwate and Akita for the horse chestnut and acacia again, and some go on to Hokkaido. A friend who lives in Gifu used to take his bees to Otoinep in the north of Hokkaido for the thistle and lime honey. There is a problem with bears up there.

In this presentation there will also be information about Cerana beekeeping in the mountains, comparing it with Cerana beekeeping in Korea and China, and comments on migratory beekeeping in Western China and the pollination of Japanese Fuji apples in Xinjiang, west of the Taklimakan desert.

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BEO-017

Impact of honey bee on the economy of Bangladesh and chemical characters of Bangladesh honey

Hasan Fuad El Taj1, Chuleui Jung2, Andreas Thrasyvoulou3

1 Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Bangladesh

2Andong National University, Republic of Korea

3 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece

The history of beekeeping in Bangladesh is not very old and started successfully from 1977 with Apis cerana indica. Bangladesh has a great potentiality of beekeeping due to its favourable weather condition prevailing round the year and plenty of multiseasonal plants or crops nectar and pollen producing plants throughout the country. About 200 species of plants are identified as the hosts of bee in Bangladesh. At present around 25,000 skilled and unskilled beekeepers and 2,000 bee-farms are involved in Bangladesh. The forest, Sundarbans is the largest mangrove forest in the world where about 75% natural honey is produced by giant bees, Apis dorsata. The amount of honey produced through beehives and derived naturally from the Sundarbans is estimated about 6,000 tons per year. Beekeeping also enhances the yield (more than 30%) of important agronomical and horticultural crops due to bee pollination. About 200 species of plants are identified as the hosts of bee in Bangladesh. Bangladesh has immense potential to export honey and the earning from honey export during February-June period in 2013-14 was $23125. In 2013, the honey from different origin of Bangladesh included Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata was analysed. Twelve samples were tested and found moisture % ranged from 17.7-23.1, electrical conductivity 0.17

– 0.55 mS/cm, HMF value N.D-370 mg/kg, pH 3.26 – 4.25, Acidity 15-30 meq/kg, Fructose 29.04-44.90 and Glucose 35.5743.63. Sucrose % detected from two and trehalose from single samples; however melezitose and melibioze were not detected from any samples.

Symposium: Political Aspects for Boosting Beekeeping Economy

BEO-036

An overview for the implications of natural bee keeping management that to boost beekeepers profits.

Kunsuk Woo

Seoul National University, Republic of Korea

Since 2009, in order to find out international bee products market environment at some countries; USA, Italy, Japan, Thailand, and South Korea were working surveyed. Among the bee products, focused on retail market prices of 21 kinds of honey. There are some remarkable cases of some kinds of bee products appear different prices at different region or countries. In the niche market, we know that many of these interactions beekeeping industry are not simple stories of intimate relationships between one-on-one. Recently, domestic prices are increased than of the international market. Current environment of the beekeeping industry certainly points to the need for new approaches and ways of thinking. Natural beekeeping management is right way at the consumers

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demand. In the future to provide for our long-term bee products quality, maintain a sound sustainable basic for economic activity. This also one of the reasons why the consumer is willing to pay a premium for organically certified bee products. Promote and explore the value and bee products diversification based on domestic market studies. Key words: bee products, natural beekeeping, market environment, organic.

BEO-040

Mainstreaming conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity pollinators into Ukrainian production landscapes. An attempt to spread the successful experience and new knowledge from small local project to the national level

Viacheslav Tsuprykov, Ruslan Nesterenko

Environmental NGO

The long-term challenge for Environmental NGO “Gogolmed” is to ensure that Biodiversity of pollinators conservation is mainstreamed into production and marketing of agricultural business, in order to create community incentives to conserve and enhance biodiversity of pollinators including honey bees in Ukrainian land while maintaining appropriate incomes to satisfy beekeepers family needs for livelihood and wellbeing. There are three main barriers to achieve this: -the institutional framework is not sufficiently capacitated to address the needs of an emerging biodiversity-based beekeeping business sector, based on sustainable harvesting and production principles; -at the community-level, sustainable beekeeping production approaches and biodiversity conservation efforts are inadequate due to low incomes from present product categories; -community revenues are limited due to low prices in honey market, due to the fact that high-quality honey, produced using sustainable methods of beekeeping in the natural area, beekeepers are forced to sell as a regular honey. The project will directly address these barriers through the three major components of the project: 1. Building national capacity for support of Biodiversity Beekeeping Business. 2. Piloting Community-based Social Enterprises in valuable Ecoregions. 3. Mainstreaming Biodiversity Business into the supply chains of high-value consumer markets. Our strategy addresses the most critical underlying driver of biodiversity pollinators loss; the failure to account for and price the full economic and human health value of ecosystem pollination service and goods.Especially, it concerns of high-quality honey, an essential functional product in the diet of every modern person, one of the last surviving natural products.

BEO-015

Impact of projects and financial support on the growth of beekeeping sector and beekeepers: A case of Tanzania in East Africa

Stephen Msemo

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Tanzania Forest Services (TFS) Agency, Tanzania

Most of beekeepers in Africa are doing substantial beekeeping to meet family necessities and only few are practicing commercial beekeeping. The Government in most countries have restrictions and standards that regulate importation of honey. Consumers of honey are very keen to quality, safety and authentic the situation which few actors (beekeepers in developing) are able to meet these requirements. The Governments are putting effort to maximize production by supporting beekeepers with bee equipment; extension services and facilitates market access including provision of credits. A number of projects are being implemented to support communities to undertake beekeeping as an income generating activity. Desk review method used to collect information on projects and financial supports in Africa, whether it helps beekeepers to grow. Interview approach also applied to beekeepers and other actors based on the Research Question (RQ). Data analysis was due to Qualitative method using grounded theory, coding quotations (statements) from interviewees and from the literature review. Findings were presented through table and discussion based on coded statements. Results revealed numbers of beekeeping interventions happening were focused to improve beekeeping sector and concentrated on the provision of beehives, storage and packaging facilities and trainings. It also proved failure on the aspect of sustainability to beekeepers at the end and what beekeepers and beekeeping entrepreneur’s wants and needs were not within the scope of the project objectives. It is recommended interventions to focus factors that address low production, quality of the products and entrepreneurial process to individual beekeepers in a corporate.

BEO-006

The design and effect prediction of subsidy policy on positiveexternality industry-take subsidies for mobile bee-keeper purchase for example

Yun Gao, Zhijun Zhao

Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development, China

An identification and evaluation on agriculture externality is an essential precondition to subsidize agriculture. In China, the annul value of honeybee pollination reached 242.9 billion RMB (about 40.5 billion US dollar), while it was 14.6 billion US dollar in the 90’s of last century in United States, which is 143 times of that of honeybee products. As Chinese agricultural is becoming more specialization, increasing in scale, productivity and utilizing of herbicides and pesticides, it confronted serious pollinator decline. The main obstacle to the establishment and growth of pollination services is the problem of “hitchhiker”. This paper attempts to identify policy problems in the commodity program which efforts to promote pollination services issued by the Federal government of U.S., to help Chinese government avoid these mistakes in each effort to establish pollination services and beekeeping development. In this respect, we pose four main questions: who should pay for pollination service, does subsidy for promote pollination services, what is the focus of subsidy should be, and how the subsidy affect. The paper took subsidies for bee industry for example to analyze breakthrough and policy framework of subsidy policy and carried out an evaluation of subsidies adopted data of fixed observation point of national bee industry program. It showed that to implement subsidies for mobile beekeeper purchase is the most feasible, appropriate and economic intervene measurement to internalize the externality of bee industry based on current situation of China.

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BEO-018

Exploring opportunities and constraints for payments for pollination services in Africa

Aske Skovmand Bosselmann1, Lise Hansted2

1 University of Copenhagen, Denmark

2 Danish Beekeepers Association, Denmark

Payments for pollination services (PPS) can play an important role in securing an adequate crop yield for farmers while generating a new source of income to beekeepers, also in Africa, where small-scale bee keeping is widespread. Combining a global pilot survey of PPS-schemes among beekeepers associations with a review of the sparse PPS literature, this study identifies and discusses the opportunities and challenges for PPS to work in agricultural regions of Africa. Worldwide, PPS-schemes exist in many countries, but besides South Africa, PPSschemes are mainly unknown on the African continent. Willingness of farmers to pay for pollination have been shown in specific locations, but willingness depends on awareness which is often low; a widespread perception exists among farmers of pollination being freely and adequately provided by nature thus a low demand for pollination services. Other constraints include widespread traditional beekeeping and limited number of largescale beekeepers or beekeepers associations with sufficient number of beehives; poor rural infrastructure and low transport capacity among beekeepers limiting mobility for timely provision of pollinators; and limited institutional capacity and political prioritization for pollination markets, which hinders national strategies for PPS. Furthermore, international pollination projects often do not include research on economic incentives for pollination services. Other research needs include institutional mechanisms and economic trade-offs between service delivery and honey production, a disincentive for beekeepers to engage in pollination services. With an institutional framework to support the development of pollination services market, pollination services could be an important addon to national and local beekeeping economy.

BEO-032

Government attach more importance to apiculture and promote beekeeping development in China

Lihong Chen, Ming Xu, Jie Wu, Pingping Hu, Jiangmei Wang

E-mail: clhb@hotmail.com

Apicultural science association of China, Institute of Apicultural Research of CAAS, China

As is known to all, China is the biggest beekeeping country in the world. Since new century, government has attached more importance to beekeeping and promulgated a series policy such as Beekeeping Regulation of China, The Twelfth Five-Year-Plan of National Beekeeping Development, Green Channel, Beekeeping License, Bee pollination Technology, Bee Quarantine Practice and so on. The government also issues a series standards, for example, Regulation of Beekeeping Technique, Protocol of Diagnosis for Foulbrood Disease, Bee Products Production Management Regulation, Green Food-Bee Product etc.and provided massive financial supports for bee research. All of these make great promotion for Chinese beekeeping rapid and standardize development.

Nowadays, China has abundant nectar resources in correspondence to its vast land territory to feed the largest honeybee population in the world. Around 8.9mln honeybee hives, including Apis mellifera and Apis cerana, are

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under the care of beekeepers in the whole country. Most beekeepers have to practice migratory beekeeping in pursuance of the nectar blooming season from south to north of China in order to harvest as much as possible honey and produce more royal jelly, propolis, pollen and drone pupa. At present, the average annual yield of honey is about 400,000tons, royal jell 4000 tons, propolis 500 tons and bee pollen 6000 tons, which position China to the top producer of honeybee products in the world. Bee products procedures are also growing gradually with standardization and specialization and get higher quality of product promotion.

Symposium: Market Innovation for Beekeeping Economy I

BEO-025

Honeybee Products Market of China -Performance in 2014 and Prediction for 2015

Ming Xu1, Lihong Chen2

86clh@sina.com; chenlihong@caas.cn

1 Department of International Cooperation of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China

2 Apicultural Science Association of China (ASAC), Bee Research Institute of CAAS Xiangshan, Haidian District,

Beijing, 100093, China

China is a major beekeeping country in the world. It ranks the first in the world in terms of production of honey, royal jelly, pollen, propolis. Its annual honey production varied from 400 to 450 thousand tons. Its capability for fresh royal jelly production can be fetched to more than 4,000 tons annually accounting for 90% of the world total production of royal jelly, with over 10,000 tons potential for annual pollen production. The honeybee products are not only for export in exchange for foreign currency, but also are consumed in the domestic market. The performance and market information of honeybee products for 2014 are elaborated and the predictions are made for 2015.

BEO-004

The social laboratory analysis of solution for beekeepers’ marketing problems (a case study of Turkey)

Murat Emir

Ondokuz Mays University, Turkey

Turkey comes 2nd after China in terms of its presence of 6 million bee colonies, and its annual production of about 100.000 tons of honey. The biggest problem facing beekeepers in Turkey is their lack of sufficient marketing methods and capacity. The aim of this study is to present solutions to the marketing problem of beekeepers in

Turkey. In the study observations and applications (also called a ‘social laboratory’) were utilised. Social laboratory (SL) means that the theoretical information of social sc iences are tested against the conditions on the field. Initially the concepts of marketing and selling are compared. Afterwards, suggestions for solutions of the

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