Способы перевода страдательного залога на русский язык:

1. Сочетанием глаголы «быть» с кратким причастием:

The letter was sent. – Письмо было отправлено.

2. Неопределенно – личным предложением:

The letter was sent. – Письмо отправили.

3. Глаголами на –ся:

The letter is being sent. – Письмо отправляется.

4. Глаголом действительного залога, если указан субъект действия:

The letter was sent by the secretary. – Письмо отправил секретарь.

Подлежащее предложения, стоящего в страдательном залоге, обычно переводится формами косвенных падежей, т.е. не именительным, а родительным, винительным, дательным, творительным, предложным:

1. He was asked to come in. – Его попросили прийти.

2. He was given an interesting book to read. – Ему дали почитать интересную книгу.

3. The film will be talked about. – О фильме будут говорить.

4. She was laughed at. – Над ней смеялись.

Сравните:

I take – Я отвожу – I am taken – Меня отводят

She told – Она сказала – She was told – Ей сказали

I read – Я читал – I was read – Мне читали

We ask – Мы спрашиваем – We are asked – Нас спрашивают

1. Complete “to be” in the right form.

1. The tractors ______ produced at the Tractor Plant.

2. Two new departments ______ _____ in our university next year.

3. Last year she ______ sent to Cambridge.

4. Where _______ the book bought?

5. These letters ________ brought in the morning.

6. When _____ the car _____ serviced?

7. The cat ______ given milk every morning.

8. Where _______ bread bought in this area?

2. Make sentences in simple present tense.

posting a letter

The letter is posted.

1. emptying the post box ______________________________________________

2.postmarking the stamps at the post office ________________________________

3. sorting the letters into the different towns ________________________________

4. loading the mail into the train _________________________________________

5. unloading the mail bags after their journey _______________________________

6. taking bags to the post office __________________________________________

7. sorting the letters into different streets ___________________________________

8. delivering the letters _________________________________________________

3. Answer the questions using the past simple passive and by + agent.

Who invented radio? Bell, Edison or Marconi?

It was invented by Marconi.

1. Who wrote stories about a French detective called Maigret? Agatha Christie, Ellery Queen or Georges Simenon?

_________________________________________________

2. Who invented television? John Logie Baird, Alexander Graham Bell or Thomas Edison?

_________________________________________________

3. Who built the pyramids? The Egyptians, the Greeks or the Romans?

_________________________________________________

4. Who spoke the words “To be or not to be”? Alexander, Hamlet or Julius Ceasar?

_________________________________________________

5. Who played James Bond in the first Bond film? Sean Connery, George Lazenby or Roger Moore?

_________________________________________________

6. Who invented the telephone? Alexander Popov, Alexander Graham Bell or Alexander the Great?

_________________________________________________