Добавил:
Upload
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:English_grammar.doc
X
- •Содержание
- •Раздел I Артикль (The Article)
- •1. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •2. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •3. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •4. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •5. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •6. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •7. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •8. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •9. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •10. Translate the sentences.
- •11. Put the article where it is necessary.
- •(The Pronoun)
- •I know his brother but I do not know yours (your brother). – я знаю его брата, но я не знаю твоего.
- •I have some English newspapers. – у меня есть несколько английских газет.
- •I have no English newspapers. – у меня нет английских газет.
- •I see nothing there. – я ничего там не вижу.
- •I have few English books. – у меня мало английских книг.
- •3. Complete the sentences using some/any/no, etc.
- •4. Choose the appropriate pronoun.
- •5. Complete the sentences using few/a few/little/ a little.
- •6. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •7. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns
- •8. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •9. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •10. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •11. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •12. Complete the sentences using pronouns some or any.
- •13. Complete the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •14. Translate the sentences using the necessary pronouns.
- •15. Complete the sentences with possessive pronouns.
- •(The Noun)
- •Притяжательный падеж
- •2. Write the plural form of the following nouns.
- •3. Divide the following words into two columns: countable and uncountable nouns.
- •4. Make the following sentences in the plural form.
- •6. Choose the correct form of the verb, singular or plural. In one sentence either the singular or plural verb is possible.
- •7. Change the underlined nouns into the plural.
- •8. Paraphrase the following using the possessive case.
- •9. Paraphrase the following using the possessive case.
- •10. Change the nouns in italics into plural form in the sentences.
- •11. Change the nouns in italics into singular form in the sentences.
- •I have bought a red pencil. – я купил красный карандаш.
- •Степени сравнения прилагательных
- •Прилагательные исключения:
- •- После сравнительной степени употребляется союз than, соответствующий русскому союзу чем.
- •Moscow is larger than St. Petersburg. - Москва больше, чем Санкт-Петербург.
- •1. Give the comparative and the superlative form of the following adjectives.
- •2. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •3. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •4. Translate into Russian.
- •5. Complete the sentences using as...As or so…as.
- •6. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •7. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •8. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •9. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •10. Put the right form of the adjective.
- •11. Translate the sentences using the right form of the adjective.
- •12. Translate the sentences using the right form of the adjective.
- •13. Translate the sentences using the right form of the adjective.
- •14. Write comparative sentences
- •The Atacama desert - the perfect place for people who are looking for adventure
- •Раздел II
- •Спряжение глагола to be
- •Основные значения глагола to be
- •1. Complete the conversation with am, is, are.
- •3. Put in was/wasn’t/were/weren’t.
- •4. Complete with was/wasn’t or were/weren’t to make true sentences.
- •5. Put in am/is/are/was/were. Some sentences are present and some are past.
- •6. Complete the dialogues with was/wasn’t/were/weren’t.
- •7. Transform the sentences into the Future Indefinite Tense.
- •8. Put in the verb «to be» in Present Simple, Past Simple or Future Simple.
- •9. Read and translate the sentences with the verb «to be».
- •10. Translate the sentences into English using the verb «to be».
- •1. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •6. Use "there is (are)" construction in the necessary tense form.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Answer the following questions.
- •9. Complete with the right form of there is or there are.
- •10. Complete the dialogue with the right form of there was or there were.
- •Формы глагола to have
- •Распространённые сочетания с глаголом to have
- •1. Transform the sentences into the Past.
- •A day in the life of James Blunt
- •The Present Simple Tense (Настоящее простое время)
- •Образование Present Simple
- •1. Make affirmative, interrogative and negative sentences in Present Simple.
- •2. Open the brackets using Present Simple.
- •3. Open the brackets using the verbs in Present Simple.
- •4. Make up question using the words in brackets.
- •5. Fill in the adverbs given in the brackets in the right place.
- •10. Translate the sentences into English using Present Simple.
- •The Rainforest Children
- •The Present Continuous Tense
- •Образование Present Continuous Утвердительные предложения:
- •Случаи употребления Present Continuous
- •1. Make the sentences a) interrogative; b) negative.
- •2. Disagree to the following statements. Use the words in the brackets.
- •3. You are having an English class now. Answer the following questions.
- •4. Rachel is in the computer room at college. Complete her conversation with Andrew. Put in a Present Continuous form of the verb.
- •5. Open the brackets using The Present Indefinite or The Present Continuous.
- •6. Put the verbs in brackets in Present Continuous or Present Simple.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •The Present Perfect Tense (Настоящее совершенное время)
- •Образование Present Perfect Утвердительные предложения:
- •Употребление Present Perfect:
- •1. Fill in the blanks using the Present Perfect Tense.
- •2. Complete the sentences with for or since.
- •3. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •4. Make up sentences using Present Perfect.
- •5. Form the Present Perfect form of the following verbs and use them to make up sentences.
- •6. Make up the questions in Present Perfect and ask them to your friend.
- •7. Fill in the gaps in the sentences using Present Perfect.
- •8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •A photographer’s life
- •(Настоящее совершенное длительное время)
- •Образование Present Perfect Continuous
- •Употребление Present Perfect Continuous:
- •1. Put the verb in brackets into the Present Perfect Continuous.
- •2. Make up sentences using the Present Perfect Continuous.
- •3. Answer the questions using the Present Perfect Continuous. Use prepositions since or for.
- •4. Make up sentences using the Present Perfect Continuous.
- •5. Put in the verbs using the Present Perfect Continuous.
- •6. Choose the present perfect or the present perfect continuous:
- •7. Choose the present perfect or the present perfect continuous:
- •8. Translate the sentences into English using the Present Perfect Continuous Tense.
- •I. Read an article about a person whose life was changed by a holiday. Answer the questions.
- •II. Guess the meaning of the highlighted words. Then match them with their definitions below.
- •It was just a holiday, but it changed my life
- •The Past Simple Tense (Прошедшее простое время)
- •Образование Past Simple
- •Случаи употребления Past Simple:
- •1. Make the sentences negative using the Past Simple Tense.
- •2. Fill in the blanks using the Past Simple Tense.
- •3. Make up the sentences using the Past Simple Tense.
- •4. Make the sentences interrogative using the Past Simple Tense.
- •5. Complete the newspaper story using the Past Simple Tense.
- •6. Complete the conversation using the Past Simple Tense.
- •7. Answer the questions in the Past Simple using “last” or “ago” and the words in brackets.
- •8. Complete the sentences with the following verbs in the Past Simple.
- •Read the story.
- •(The Past Continuous Tense)
- •Образование Past Continuous
- •Употребление Past Continuous
- •1. Make the sentences negative and interrogative.
- •2. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Continuous or the Past Continuous.
- •3. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.
- •4. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Simple or the Past Continuous.
- •6. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple, the Past Simple, the Present Continuous or the Past Continuous.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple, the Past Simple, the Present Continuous or the Past Continuous.
- •8. Translate into English.
- •I. Read the story and put the paragraphs in the correct order. Then explain the words in bold.
- •II. Read again and underline:
- •(Прошедшее совершенное время)
- •Образование Past Perfect Утвердительные предложения:
- •Употребление Past Perfect:
- •1. Complete the following sentences using the Past Perfect Tense of the verbs in brackets.
- •2. Join the following pairs of sentences by making one of them a clause with the verb in the Past Perfect Tense. Use the conjunctions given in brackets.
- •3. Make sentences using the words from the box
- •4. Join these pairs of sentences, using the conjunctions in brackets. Change one verb into the Past Perfect (I had done).
- •5. Supply the Past Perfect (I had done) / Past Simple (I did).
- •6. Open the brackets using the verbs in Past Simple (I did) / Past Continuous (I was doing) / Past Perfect (I had done).
- •7. Open the brackets using Past Simple (I did) / Present Perfect (I have done) / Past Perfect (I had done).
- •8. Translate into English.
- •I. Read the article. What did one of Andrew Irvine’s brothers find in 1962? Mallory and Irvine: did they make it to the top?
- •II. Read the text again and choose the best answer.
- •(Прошедшее завершенно-длительное время)
- •Образование Past Perfect Continuous Утвердительные предложения:
- •Случаи употребления Past Perfect Continuous:
- •1. Put the verb in brackets into the Past Perfect Continuous.
- •2. Using the words in brackets, complete the text below with the Past Perfect (I had done) / Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing).
- •3.Fill the gaps with the verb in brackets using the Past Continuous (I was doing) / Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing).
- •5*. Put in the Past Perfect (I had done) / Past Perfect Continuous (I had been doing) / Past Simple (I did). Give alternatives where possible. Cooking the Books?
- •6. Make your own sentences using Past Perfect Continuous.
- •7. Complete the conversation. Put in the Past Perfect Continuous of the verbs.
- •8. Translate the following sentences into English using the Past Perfect Continuous.
- •I. Read the newspaper story. Find the verbs in the Past Perfect Continuous Tense. Excuse me, there’s a car in your roof
- •The Future Simple Tense
- •(Будущее простое время)
- •Образование Future Simple
- •Употребление Future Simple
- •1. Read and translate the sentences into Russian.
- •2. Open the brackets using the verbs in the Future Simple Tense.
- •3. Decide what to do or not to do in the following situations.
- •4. Agree and promise to do the things.
- •5. Use the notes to write about what will happen next weekend.
- •6. Complete the conversation. Put in will or shall.
- •7. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple or the Future Simple.
- •8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •I. Read this information from a language school brochure.
- •II. Guess the meaning of the highlighted words in the text. Match them to the definitions:
- •Summer courses
- •Употребление Future Continuous
- •5. Extend the statements using the Future Continuous.
- •6. Complete the conversation using the Future Continuous.
- •7. Translate the sentences into Russian using the Future Continuous.
- •Growing Trends (Part I)
- •(Будущее совершенное время)
- •Образование Future Perfect Утвердительные предложения:
- •Употребление Future Perfect:
- •1. Put the verb in brackets into the Future Perfect.
- •2. Fill in each blank with the correct words to change each present continuous tense sentence into a future perfect tense sentence.
- •3. Answer the questions in the future perfect tense, using the words in brackets.
- •4. Using the words in brackets, complete the text below with the Future Simple (I will do) / Future Perfect (I will have done)
- •5. Put the verbs in brackets into the future continuous or the future perfect.
- •6. First, read Jack’s itinerary for tomorrow. Then, for each sentence, choose either Future Continuous (I will be doing) or Future Perfect (I will have done) to complete it.
- •7. *. Put in the Future Simple (I will do) / Future Continuous (I will be doing) / Future Perfect (I will have done). Flying Junk
- •8. Translate into English.
- •Growing Trends (Part II)
- •(Будущее завершенно-длительное время)
- •Образование Future Perfect Continuous Утвердительные предложения:
- •Употребление Future Perfect Continuous:
- •1. Put the verb in brackets into the Future Perfect Continuous.
- •2. Translate into Russian.
- •3. Translate into English.
- •4. Fill in the correct form verb in either the Future Perfect or Future Perfect Continuous tense.
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the verb in brackets using either the Future Perfect (I will have done) / Future Perfect Continuous (I will have been doing).
- •6. Match the following sentences using Future Perfect (I will have done) / Future Perfect Continuous (I will have been doing).
- •7. Open the brackets using Future Perfect (I will have done) / Future Perfect Continuous (I will have been doing).
- •8. Read the dialogues opening the brackets in Future Continuous (I will be doing) / Future Perfect Continuous (I will have been doing).
- •Life in overtone
- •Глаголы возможности
- •Глаголы должествования.
- •Многофункциональные глаголы в роли модальных: shall, should, will, would, need, dare
- •В группу модальных глаголов входят:
- •1. Complete the dialogues with must, can’t, or might.
- •2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of can, could, or be able to.
- •4. Match the sentences halves.
- •5. Complete with should or shouldn’t.
- •7. Complete the sentences with have to, don’t have to,
- •8. Write sentences with the right form of have to.
- •9. Put in must, mustn’t or needn’t?
- •10. A) Look at these notices. Have you seen any like these?
- •11. Complete the sentences with have to; don’t have to; or must.
- •12. Complete the sentences with the correct form of can, could, or be able to.
- •13. Circle the correct form. If both forms are possible, circle them both.
- •14. Correct any mistakes in the phrases. Tick (√) the correct sentences.
- •The Internet and education
- •Способы перевода страдательного залога на русский язык:
- •1. Complete “to be” in the right form.
- •2. Make sentences in simple present tense.
- •It was invented by Marconi.
- •4. Complete this short article about the ship “Mary Rose”. Put the verbs into the correct simple past form. Some verbs are active, and some are passive.
- •5. Correct the mistakes in the highlighted phrases.
- •6. Complete with present or past passive.
- •7. Rewrite the sentences with the passive.
- •8. Write the newspaper headlines as sentences using the present perfect. Some sentences are active and some are passive
- •10. Write passive sentences using the tense in brackets.
- •Раздел III
- •(Non-finite forms of the verb) Инфинитив (The Infinitive)
- •I want to go to the cinema. — я хочу пойти в кино.
- •I asked him to phone me at 6 p.M. — я попросил его позвонить мне в 6 часов вечера.
- •I was glad to have seen you. — Рад, что мы повидались с вами.
- •I'd rather come earlier. — я бы лучше пришла пораньше.
- •I don't dance much now, but I used to a lot (to dance). — Сейчас я танцую немного, а раньше, бывало, много танцевал.
- •It is easy to cook such a cake. — Приготовить такой пирог- легко.
- •It's difficult to understand what she's talking about. — Трудно понять, о чем она говорит.
- •I'd like you to be frank with me. — Мне бы хотелось, чтобы ты был откровенен со мной.
- •I have never heard him boast. — я никогда не слышал, чтобы он хвастался.
- •I believe (that) he is wrong. — я уверен, что он не прав.
- •I was very pleased to see you yesterday. — Вчера мне было очень приятно увидеть тебя.
- •It's essential for the classrooms to have plenty of light. — Важно, чтобы в классной комнате было много света.
- •I'm anxious for the painting to be ready on time. — я очень хочу, чтобы картина была готова вовремя.
- •It's too heavy for you to lift. — Это слишком тяжело для тебя.
- •I think it's late enough for us to put the boy to bed. — я думаю, что уже пора уложить ребенка в постель.
- •Герундий (The Gerund)
- •I am fond of reading. - Мне нравится читать.
- •Instead of gоing home he went to the movies.- Вместо того, чтобы пойти домой, он пошел в кино.
- •Причастие (The Participle)
- •2. Match the sentence halves:
- •3. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the -ing
- •4. Complete the sentences with a verb in the –ing form. Use the verbs: be, do, go, learn, remember, study, talk, teach.
- •5. Put the verbs in the –ing form or infinitive.
- •6. Gerund or infinitive: match the sentence halves:
- •7. Circle the correct answer.
- •8. Complete the sentences with work, to work or working.
- •9. Open the brackets and use the Complex Object.
- •10. Combine the sentences using the Complex Object.
- •I did not see him. He entered the house. — I did not see him enter the house. I saw him. He was entering the house. — I saw him entering the house.
- •11. Translate into Russian. Pay attention to the Complex Subject.
- •12. Choose from the pairs of adjectives to complete the sentences:
- •Interested / interesting; embarrassed / embarrassing; frightened / frightening; bored / boring; frightened / frightening; frustrated / frustrating; tired / tiring
- •13. Choose from the pairs of adjectives.
- •14. *Complete the newspaper story about an earthquake a city called Kitamo. Put in either an –ing form or an –ed form. Use these verbs: break, burn, cry, damage, fall, frighten, injure, smoke.
- •Star quality
- •Раздел IV
- •Conditionals
- •I’ll leave the door ajar in case you call. Я оставлю дверь не закрытой на случай, если ты зайдешь.
- •Употребление в вежливых формах
- •Оборот If I were you
- •Смешанный тип условных предложений
- •1. Complete with a word or expressions from the list: after; as soon as; before; if; unless; until; when.
- •2. Match the sentence halves.
- •3. Complete with the present simple or will.
- •If you wash your hair with Glam, it’ll look super.
- •5. Write second conditional sentences.
- •6. Correct any mistakes in the highlighted phrases. Tick (√) the correct sentences.
- •If my boss didn’t play golf, he wouldn’t be out of the office so much.
- •8. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the first or second conditional.
- •9. First or second conditional?
- •10. Choose the endings: a) or b)
- •11. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
- •12. Complete the third conditional sentences with the correct form of the verbs.
- •13. Match the phrases.
- •14. * Below is the story of what happened when four people went on a long walk last week. Rewrite the underlined parts of the story using if-clauses type 3.
- •Culture shock
- •Раздел V
- •Обращение прямой речи в косвенную Повествовательное предложение
- •Вопросительное предложение
- •Повелительное предложение
- •2. Complete the sentences. Put the verbs in the past simple or past perfect.
- •3. Match the sentences halves.
- •4. Write the sentences in reported speech.
- •5. * The American pop group thunder left Britain yesterday after their first tour of the country. At the airport they spoke to reporters. How did the British newspapers report what they said?
- •6. Complete the sentences using reported speech.
- •7. Circle the correct answer.
- •8. Change the direct speech into reported sentences and questions.
- •11. Circle the correct answer.
- •I. Read the text paying attention to the use of Indirect speech in it. Would you like to live such a long life?
- •Раздел VI Приложение 1 Числительное (Numeral)
- •Числительным называется слово, обозначающее количество или порядок предметов по счету. Числительные в английском языке, так же как и в русском, делятся на количественные и порядковые.
- •Приложение 2
- •Предлоги места
- •Предлоги направления
- •Предлоги времени
- •Предлоги времени не употребляются:
- •I went to London last June. (not in last June) я ездил в Лондон в прошлом июне.
- •Время суток:
I. Read the newspaper story. Find the verbs in the Past Perfect Continuous Tense. Excuse me, there’s a car in your roof
Mr and Mrs Hawkins had had two fires recently in their house, so they decided to ask a friend, John Brown, to look after their house while they were on holiday in the south of France. This time they were hoping the house would be safe with him while they were away.
But at 8.30 in the morning, while John was in the kitchen making a cup of coffee, a Landrover suddenly came through the roof and landed right on top of the bed, where John had been sleeping half an hour earlier!
What had happened was that a farmer had been driving round his sheep farm in his Landrover, which was on a hill overlooking the village where Mr and Mrs Hawkins live. Suddenly he lost control of his vehicle. When he realized he couldn’t stop it and that it was moving towards the edge of a cliff, he jumped out, just in time. The Landrover ‘bounced like a tennis ball’ before it finally landed in the roof of the Hawkins’s house.
John Brown was incredibly lucky. If he hadn’t decided to get up early that morning, he would definitely have been killed. Although he has now recovered from the shock, he still doesn’t know how to explain to Mr and Mrs Hawkins, who are still on holiday, what has happened to their house!
Future
Tenses
The Future Simple Tense
(Будущее простое время)
Future Simple ссылается на действие, которое совершится в неопределенном или отдаленном будущем. Простое будущее время обычно используется с обстоятельствами: tomorrow (завтра), next year (в следующем году), in five years (через пять лет), in 2035 (в 2035 году) и т.п.
Образование Future Simple
Утвердительные предложения:
|
I shall play |
We shall play |
|
You will play |
You will play |
|
He / she / it will play |
They will play |
Для того, чтобы поставить глагол во временную форму Future Simple, нужно использовать его начальную форму и вспомогательный глагол shall (для первого лица) или will (второе и третье лицо). В устной речи shall и will чаще всего сокращаются до формы ‘ll, которая может использоваться во всех лицах.
Примечание:
В современном английском, особенно в устной речи, will стал использоваться и в первом лице:
I will go to Shanghai next summer. Следующим летом я поеду в Шанхай.
Вопросительные предложения:
|
Shall I play? |
Shall we play? |
|
Will you play? |
Will you play? |
|
Will he / she / it play? |
Will they play? |
В вопросительном предложении вспомогательные глаголы shall или will ставятся перед подлежащим. Значимый глагол остается после подлежащего в своей начальной форме:
Shall we go to the beach? Мы пойдем на пляж? Will your boss agree with our conditions? Ваш босс согласится с нашими условиями?
Отрицательные предложения:
|
I shall not play |
We shall not play |
|
You will not play |
You will not play |
|
He / she / it will not play |
They will not play |
В отрицательных предложениях за вспомогательным глаголом следует отрицательная частица not. Вместе они могут быть сокращены до формы shan’t (чаще в брит. английском) или won’t:
I shall not (shan’t) let you down. Я вас не подведу. Fred will not (won’t) agree to help us. Фред не согласится нам помочь.
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]