- •Immune system
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Simple tenses (revision)
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Immune system
- •Immunity
- •Overview
- •Lesson 44
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Functions of “one”
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Overview
- •Lesson 45
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Infinitive and its forms
- •Інфінітив у формі|у формі| Continuous| виражає тривалу дію, що відбувається одночасно з дією, вираженою дієсловом-присудком:
- •Інфінітив у формі|у формі| Perfect| виражає|виказує,висловлює| дію, що передує дії, вираженій дієсловом-присудком:
- •Subjective infinitive construction
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Endocrine system
- •Ex. 16. Translate the text “Endocrine System” into Ukrainian.
- •Endocrine glands
- •Functions of hormones
- •Ex. 34. Speak on the some endocrine glands using obtained data. You may use the following expressions:
- •Thyroid gland
- •Overview
- •Vocabulary
- •Grammar:
- •Objective infinitive construction
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Diabetes mellitus
- •Insulin injection
- •Medication
- •Overview
- •Unit 4 lesson 49 nervous system
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Nervous system
- •Various forms of nerve cells.
- •Spinal cord
- •Overview
- •Lesson 50
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Sequence of tenses
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Ex. 20. Read the following abstract and write down all unknown medical terms. Translate them with the aid of dictionary. Tell about the hypothalamic functions: hypothalamus
- •Human brain and its functions
- •What is wonderful about the brain?
- •Overview
- •Lesson 51
- •Vocabulary
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Disorders of nervous system
- •Infections
- •Ex. 8. Read and memorize the following words:
- •Degenerative disorders
- •Ex. 16. Write the summary of the text "Degenerative Disorders" overview
- •Lesson 52
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Adverbs
- •Reading and developing speaking skills Ex. 4. Read the vocabulary and memorize new words. Ex. 5. Insert the missing letters, read the following words and translate them:
- •Accessory structures
- •Eye placement
- •Overview
- •Lesson 53
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Noun as attribute
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Ear disorders
- •Communicating with a hearing-impaired person
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •What is your skin type
- •Ex. 22. Read and translate the following text: skin disorders
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Objective participle construction
- •The Objective Participle Construction перекладається підрядним реченням зі сполучником “як”: I saw them walking along the street.Я бачив, як вони йшли по вулиці.
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Urinary system
- •Ex. 20. Make up a dialogue on the urinary system.
- •Functions of urinary system
- •Fluid excretion
- •Kidneys
- •Ex. 26. Describe the structure of kidney using the following figure:
- •Ex. 27 Describe kidneys’ functions. The following expressions may be helpful:
- •Ex. 28. Write the summary of the text "Kidneys".
- •Overview
- •Lesson 57
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Functions of the verb “to have”
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Kidneys disorders
- •Kidney stones
- •Ex. 23. Pronounce and memorize the words to the theme studied:
- •Kidney transplantation
- •Overview
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar:
- •Ing- form of the verb:
- •Reading and developing speaking skills
- •Pregnancy
- •Food and nutrition during pregnancy
- •Development of the organ systems
- •Signs of pregnancy
- •Vocabulary
- •Word-building
- •Grammar: simple tenses (revision)
- •Reading and developing skills
- •Death; embryo; adolescent; occur; amount; achieve; subsequent; myelin sheath; push; raise; grasp; listen; quietly; laugh; loud.
- •First year after birth
- •Development during the preschool years
- •School years
Subjective infinitive construction
|
NOUN (Common Case) |
or PRONOUN (Subjective Case) |
PREDICATE |
INFINITIVE | |
|
Doctor(s) |
I |
Passive Voice
|
Indefinite (Active) |
V (to write) |
|
|
He |
to think (думати), to believe (думати), to know (знати), |
Indefinite (Passive) |
to be + V3 (to be written) |
|
Dentist(s) |
She |
to suppose (вважати, допускати), to consider (вважати), |
Continuous (Active) |
to be + Ving (to be writing) |
|
|
It |
to see (допускати), to hear (слухати), to report (повідомляти) to say (говорити) |
Perfect (Active) |
to have + V3 (to have written) |
|
Scientist(s) |
You |
Active Voice |
Perfect (Passive) |
to have been + V3 (to have been written) |
|
|
We |
to seem (здаватися), to appear (здаватися), |
|
|
|
|
They |
to happen (траплятся) |
|
|
Речення з суб'єктним інфінітивним комплексом на у|зворот,оберт|країнську мову перекладаються здебільшого складно-підрядними реченнямиться із сполучником|із| “що”. Переклад слід починати з присудка, який в українській мові перетворюється на неозначено-особове або безособове головне речення. Перша частина комплексу (іменник або займенник) стає підметом підрядного речення, а інфінітив перекладається особовою формою дієслова, що стає присудком підрядного речення:
|
These doctors are known to be good specialists. |
Відомо, що ці лікарі гарні фахівці. |
|
She is said to treat this disease. |
Кажуть, що вона лікує це захворювання. |
|
He seems to have passed his examinations well. |
Здається, він успішно здав іспити. |
У якості присудка також можуть вживатися такі|слідуючі| словосполучення: to| be| sure| напевно, to| be| certain| безумовно, to| be| likely| напевно:
They| are| likely| to| return| next| week|. Напевно, вони повернуться на наступному|такого| тижні.
Ex. 7. Read and translate the following sentences:
1. X-ray examination is considered to be very important in diagnosis. 2. He is supposed to discharge the patient from the hospital 3. The heart is considered to have been enlarged. 4. The patient is said to become well. 5. This drug is known to give a good effect. 6. This disease is said to have a chronic course. 7. The urgent operation was supposed to have saved the patient’s life. 8. The nurse seems to be very experienced. 9. The pain is considered to be caused by too hot or too cold food. 10. All drugs appear to be kept in drug cabinets. 11. Excessive smoking and alcohol consumption are known to produce mild gastritis or to aggravate existing gastritis symptoms. 12. One of the major aids in acute and chronic anemia as well as in shock, hemophilia and so on is known to be transfusion of blood. 13. The causes for hypersecretion or hyposecretion of growth hormone are known to involve tumors in the hypothalamus or the pituitary gland. 14. The most common thyroid disorders are considered to be hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. 15. The endocrine system was believed to be relatively independent and different from the nervous system, but a relationship between these systems is now recognized.