Тема 13. Лексичні особливості мови текстів (за професійним спрямуванням). Система центрального опалення.

Мета: удосконалювати навички студентів правильно використовувати нову професійну лексику; розвивати логічне мислення; виховувати культуру мовлення. Навчитися будувати монологічні повідомлення по темі. Формувати граматичні навички вживання пасивного стану в часах групи Continuous

Обладнання: малюнки до теми, роздруківки текстів для читання та завдань, словники.

Час проведення: 2 год.

План заняття

І Організаційний момент. Привітання

ІІ. Перевірка домашнього завдання.

ІІІ. Основна частина.

Text 1 Read and translate the text pay attention to the new words

Central heating

A central heating system provides warmth to the whole interior of a building (or portion of a building) from one point to multiple rooms. When combined with other systems in order to control the building climate, the whole system may be a HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system.

Central heating differs from local heating in that the heat generation occurs in one place, such as a furnace room in a house or a mechanical room in a large building (though not necessarily at the "central" geometric point). The most common method of heat generation involves the combustion of fossil fuel in a furnace or boiler. The resultant heat then gets distributed: typically by forced-air through ductwork, by water circulating through pipes, or by steam fed through pipes. Increasingly, buildings utilize solar-powered heat sources, in which case the distribution system normally uses water circulation.

In much of northern Europe and in urban portions of Russia, where people seldom require air conditioning in homes due to the temperate climate, most new housing comes with central heating installed. Such areas normally use gas heaters, district heating, or oil-fired systems. In the western and southern United States natural-gas-fired central forced-air systems occur most commonly; these systems and central-boiler systems both occur in the far northern regions of the USA. Steam-heating systems, fired by coal, oil or gas, feature in the USA, Russia and Europe: primarily for larger buildings. Electrical heating systems occur less commonly and are only practical with low cost electricity or when geothermal heat pumps are used. Considering the combined system of central generating plant and electric resistance heating, the overall efficiency will be less than for direct use of fossil fuel for space heating.

Exercise 1

With the help of a dictionary find the meanings of the following words, write the down and memorize them.

A central heating system, provide, interior, multiple, combustion, fossil fuel, furnace, ductwork, feature, overall

Exercise 2 Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Центральна система опалення(ЦСО) забезпечує теплом всю будівлю. 2. ЦСО відрізняється від місцевого нагріву тим, що виділення тепла відбувається в одному місці, наприклад котельні. 3. Тепло розповсюджується через систему каналів, по воді, що циркулює по трубах. 4. Все більше будівель використовують сонячні батареї, як джерело тепла.

Exercise 3 Answer the questions

1What does a central heating system provide? 2. How does it differ from the local heating? 3. What does the most common method of heat generation involve? 4 Where do people normally use gas heaters? 5 Do people often use electrical heating systems?

Exercise 4 Continue the following sentences

1.A central heating system provides…

2. Central heating differs from local heating in…

3. The most common method of heat generation involves…

4. The resultant heat then gets distributed: typically by forced-air through ductwork….

5. . Increasingly, buildings utilize solar-powered heat……

6. . In the western and southern United States natural-gas-fired……

7. Electrical heating systems occur less commonly…..

8. Considering the combined system of central generating plant…….

The Passive Voice

Present Continuous

passive subject	'to be'	past participle
The factory	is being	built
The books	are being	read

Past Continuous

passive subject	'to be'	past participle
The film	was being	discussed	at that time
The letters	were being	written	when I came in

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