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1. Name adverbs that semantically correspond to the following adjectives:

  1. happy

  2. daily

  1. exact

  2. fast

  1. early

  2. late

  1. little

  2. hard

  1. high

  2. near

2. Use good or well.

  1. We had a very … time.

  2. Jill speaks English very … .

  3. I feel quite ... .

  1. I am not quite … .

  2. She feels … in that suit.

3. Complete the following sentences by using the correct form (adjective or adverb) of the word in brackets:

  1. It is not (good) for you to smoke.

  2. He spoke (angry).

  3. He wrote his dictation (bad).

  4. This is not quite (clear).

  5. This medicine tastes (bitter).

  6. Two sisters were dressed (different).

  7. The explanation was quite (simple).

  8. She is feeling (bad).

  1. The coffee tastes very (nice).

  2. Please, shut the door (quiet).

  3. Keep (quiet)!

  4. His voice was (quiet).

  5. She drives (careless).

  6. Speak (loud) and (clear).

  7. Go (slow).

Review Exercises

Translate into English.

  1. Она все еще любит его.

  2. Мы сейчас почти у дома.

  3. Этим утром нам надо уйти рано.

  4. Он дешево купил пальто.

  5. Раньше я его никогда не встречал.

100/ ______

UNIT 1 Meaning, classification and creation

1. An adverb is a word that modifies a verb as in She dances beautifully, an adjective (She looked somewhat pale), an adverb (She knew him very well) or a noun (He is such a monster!).

2. Most adverbs modify a verb and tell us how (adverbs of manner), when (adverbs of time), where (adverbs of place) or how often (adverbs of frequency) a certain action takes place: A turtle crawls slowly. We will eat later. Go there. He often visits us.

Adverbs of degree make the meaning of a verb, an adjective, adverb or noun stronger or weaker: I like the book very much; I completely forgot about it; she is incredibly beautiful; he is smoking very heavily; he is such a bore!

Sentence adverbs refer to the whole phrase to show what the speaker thinks about the whole utterance (Unfortunately, nobody saw him do it).

3. Many adverbs, especially adverbs of manner, are formed from adjectives by adding – ly: theoretically, completely, nicely and scarcely.

Adjectives that end in –ly (costly, friendly, likely, lively, lovely, lonely, silly, ugly) do not have related adverbial forms and to express manner they use such adjectival word combinations as in a friendly way, in a lively manner.

Many adverbs are simple or compound and do not end in –ly: now, very, yet; nowhere, inside, tenfold. Some of them coincide with adjectives in form as fast, often, long, straight, far, near.

Some adverbs have two forms – with and without -ly: late and lately, near and nearly, hard and hardly, high and highly, deep and deeply. But usually they differ in meaning (cf.: He came late ‘поздно’ and I haven’t seen him lately ‘последнее время’; He lives quite near ‘близко’ and It’s nearlyпочти’ 6 o’clock; He works hard ‘усердно’ and He hardly ‘вряд-ли’ ever works properly; The plane flew very high ‘высоко’ and They have a highly ‘весьма, в высшей степени’ developed industry).

There are also some adverbs that have two forms – one with –ly ending and one without the –ly ending and no difference in meaning. Adjectives that are commonly used in this way include: cheap, quick, slow, kind, real. Usually, however, the longer form with –ly is preferred, especially for writing: Don’t talk so loud/loudly.(See Unit 4).

E x e r c i s e s

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