4.19. The protection of the environment

Our country. Our environment. There are many big and small rivers, green for­ests, high mountains, lakes and seas in Tajikistan.

Our Earth is our home. I think people must take care of our Motherland.

There are some laws and decisions on this important subject. We have state or­ganizations which pay attention to this problem.

The international conventions pay much attention to the control of pollution too.

There are a lot of industrial enterprises in our country, that's why we can't ignore the problem of the protection of our envi­ronment. Our main aim is the protection. Our environment must be clean. What we must we do for it? We have to control at­mospheric and water pollution, to study the man's influence on the climate. The pollution of the environment influences the life of animals, plants and our human life. If we don't use chemicals in a proper way we'll pollute our environment.

Our plants and factories put their waste materials into water and atmo­sphere and pollute the environment.

There are many kinds of transport in our big cities, that's why we must pay attention to the protection of our nature and the health of the people.

Radiation. Now it has become one of the main problems. It is not good for health of people. Many people died from radiation some years ago in Chernobyl. It was a tragedy. Another problem is earth­quake. We know some terrible earth­quakes in the world. Our scientists try to forecast earthquakes, then we can protect ourselves from them.

The people all over the world do every­thing to protect their nature, to make their country richer, to make their life happier.

4.20. The renaissance

The Renaissance or the revival of learning was the period then European culture was at it's high. It lasted from the 14^th century till 17'th century, and was coursed by complex economic situation and social conditions. The feudal system was been shuttled by the bourgeoisie, which was getting stronger and stronger. It was more profitable to unite under a single ruler. Absolute monarchy came into being. This lead to the forming of nations and the true sense of the world. New social and economic conditions called for the new ideology, because the catholic dogmas didn't correspond to the new trend of life. For this reason in many European countries the protestant religion spread up and national churches were established.

Instead of the blind face ordered by the catholic then appeared a new outlook which was called humanism. The time demanded positive rational knowledge and this demand was supplied: in astronomy by Copernicus, in philosophy by Tomas More, in geography by Columbus, Vasco de Gama and others. Leonardo de Vinci was force a new theory of art: "It was the greatest progressive revolution that mankind have so far experience, a time, which called for "Giants" and produced Giants in power and thought, passion and character in universality and language."

An example of a typical men of the Renaissance period was: the famous Englishmen sir Walter Raleigh, he was a soldier, sailor, explorer, pirate, colonizer, historian, philosopher and a poet. He was much interested in science and literature. He wrote works of geography and lead expedition to South America. He was an outstanding poet. His poems are full of profound wisdom, written with great elegance and salacity of style. He organized of "academy". Christopher Marlowe the greatest dramatist (before Shakespeare). But the most important of most this writer and one of the greatest men of this period was Sir Thomas More.