- •Gerunds as subject
- •Sentence patterns with gerund as subject
- •Exercise 3. Possessives in Gerund Phrases as Subject
- •Exercise 4. Test your knowledge of proverbs.
- •Gerund as direct object
- •Remember!
- •Remeber!
- •Smth needs doing
- •Smth needs to be done
- •Smb needs to do
- •Exercise 6. Make sentences with worth.
- •Exercise 8. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 9. Using Possessives with Gerunds as Direct Object
- •In informal English objective forms of (pro)noun are commonly used with -ing instead of possessives
- •Gerund as object of a preposition
- •Remember!
- •Smb is used to doing----- is in the habit of doing smth
- •Smb used to do smth ----- did smth in the past
- •Exercise 10. Complete the sentences with prepositions and gerund
- •Write the correct preposition and to put the verb into the correct form. Use the verb in brackets at the end of each sentence.
- •Exercise 12. Change direct speech into reported speech. Begin each of your sentences in the way shown.
- •Exercise 14. Read these situations and write three sentences with used to as in the example.
- •Exercise 15. Read these situations and write a sentence with be/get used to.
- •Exercise 16. Put the verb into the correct form, -ing or infinitive (I am used to doing or I used to do).
- •Exercise 17. Open the brackets. Use the appropriate forms of the gerund:
- •Exercise 18. Fill in the blanks with prepositions.
- •Exercise 20. Translate into English:
- •Exercise 21. The Fountain of Youth
- •Gerund as attribute
- •Sentence patterns with gerund as attribute
- •Exercise 22. Write the correct preposition and to put the verb into the correct form. Use the verb in brackets at the end of each sentence.
- •Exercise 23. Complete the sentences using gerunds.
- •Exercise 24. Translate into English
- •Gerund as adverbial modifier
- •Exercise 25. Read a sentence and then write a second sentence with the same meaning using a preposition.
- •Exercise 26. Complete the sentences using gerunds.
- •Exercise 27. Translate into English.
- •Gerund as part of a compound verbal predicate
- •Verbs followed by an infinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning
- •Exercise 31. Practice using troublesome verbs
- •Exercise 32. Read a sentence and write a second sentence with the same meaning. Begin your sentence in the way shown.
- •Exercise 33. Make your own sentences. Complete each sentence using -ing.
- •Exercise 34. Review of Troublesome Verbs
- •Exercise 35. Complete these sentences in any appropriate way using either the to-infinitive or the -ing form of the verb in brackets. If both forms are possible, give them both.
- •Exercise 36. Put the verb in the brackets after the verb «to like» into the correct form
- •Exercise 37. Here is some information about Tom when he was a child.
- •Exercise 38. Your friend has some problems and you have to be helpful. For each problem write a question with try.
- •Exercise 40. Make sentences with afraid. Read each situation and then use the words in brackets to write your sentence.
- •Exercise 43. Complete these sentences with either a to-infinitive or an -ing form. Choose an appropriate verb. Sometimes more than one verb is possible.
- •Using the perfect form of gerunds Exercise 44. Read this police report on a witness questioned about a robbery. Fill in the blanks by making gerunds in the perfect form from the verbs given.
- •Using the passive form of gerunds Exercise 45. Complete the sentences using active and passive gerunds.
- •Exercise 46. Complete the following article by filling in the blanks with the passive form of gerunds made from the verbs given in parentheses. (Use the verb be in the passive gerunds.)
- •Exercise 47. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 48. Complete the sentences using active and passive gerunds.
- •Exercise 49. Complete the sentences with one of the expressions mentioned above
- •Compare gerund to verbal noun
- •Exercise 50. Analyze the -ing forms in the sentences below. State which of them are gerunds and which verbal nouns:
- •Exercise 51. Analyze the -ing-forms stating whether they are gerunds or verbal nouns.
- •Reviewing Exercise 52. Identify the forms and functions of the Gerund
- •Exercise 53. Retirement Communities
- •Exercise 54. Replace the italicized clauses by gerund. Use prepositions where necessary:
- •Exercise 55. State the syntactic functions of the gerund. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Exercise 56. Complete the sentences using the gerund from the following list:
- •Exercise 57. Complete the following sentences using gerund.
- •Exercise 58. Find the gerund and translate the sentences from English into Russian
- •Exercise 59. Fill in the blanks with prepositions where necessary:
- •Exercise 60. Use the gerund from the following list as:
- •Exercise 61. Complete the following sentences using the gerund as:
- •Exercise 62. Translate into English using the gerund as:
- •Exercise 63. Replace the italicised parts of the sentence or clauses by gerundial phrases:
- •Exercise 64. Analyze the syntactic functions of the gerund. Translate into Russian.
- •Exercise 66. Use the required form of the gerund of the verb in brackets.
- •Exercise 67. Use the required form of the gerund and insert prepositions where necessary.
- •Exercise 68. Change the construction of the sentences using the gerund.
- •Exercise 69. Translate the sentences into English using gerunds.
- •Exercise 70. Translate into English:
- •Exercise 72. Translate into English:
- •Exercise 73. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 74. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 75. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 76. Translate into English.
- •Exercise 77. All Work and No Play
- •Exercise 80. Editing
- •Exercise 80. Personalization
- •Exercise 81. Translate into English using gerund.
- •Exercise 82. Translate into English.
- •Reference
- •Contents
- •Verbs followed by either an infinitive or a gerund with no difference in meaning 19
- •Verbs followed by an infinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning 21
Verbs followed by an infinitive or gerund with a difference in meaning
try + infinitive
|
Many elderly people try to stay active. |
Make an attempt/make an effort | |
try + gerund |
My grandmother has tried taking long walks. |
Experiment to find out if a new method works | |
regret + infinitive
|
I regret to admit that I'm over the hill. |
Feel sorry about saying something negative (usually used with say, tell, inform, admit) | |
regret + gerund
|
I regret losing all my old photographs. |
Feel sorry about something that has already happened | |
remember + infinitive |
I always remember to mail my bills on time. |
The remembering occurs before the action | |
remember + gerund |
I remember always mailing my bills late when I was young. |
The remembering occurs after the action | |
forget + infinitive |
My son never forgets to call on my birthday. |
The result of forgetting is that the action doesn't take place. | |
Forget + gerund |
I'll never forget calling my son when he was in Europe. |
An action is not forgotten after it takes place. (usually used with never) | |
stop + infinitive |
I always stop to buy the newspaper on my way home |
Stop for the purpose of accomplishing a task | |
stop + gerund |
I stopped buying the newspaper when my eyes went bad. |
Interrupt an action in progress | |
need + infinitive
|
I need to go to the doctor. |
It is necessary for me to go | |
need + gerund |
My hair needs cutting |
It needs to be cut - passive meaning | |
come + infinitive |
After some years they came to accept her as an equal. |
to talk about gradual change
| |
come + gerund |
He came hurrying up the path |
to say that someone moves in the way that it is described
| |
go on+infinitive |
After the interval, Pavarotti went on to sing an aria from Tosca. |
to mean that something is done after something else is finished
| |
go on +gerund |
Although she asked him to stop, he went on tapping his pen on the table |
To say that someone moves in the way that it is described . | |
mean+infinitive |
I meant to phone you last week. |
to say that we intend(ed) to do something
| |
mean + gerund |
If we want to get there by 7.00, that means getting up before 5.00. |
To say that something has something else as a result | |
be afraid + infinitive |
The streets in this city are not safe at night. Many people are afraid to go out alone. (they don’t want to go out alone because it’s dangerous) |
I’m afraid to do smth = I don’t want to do smth because it’s dangerous or the result could be unpleasant. | |
be afraid of + gerund |
We walked along the path very carefully because it was icy and we were afraid of falling. (not afraid to fall) |
I’m afraid of smth happening = there is a possibility that something bad will happen.
|
Exercise 30. RECOGNITION: What Happened First?
DIRECTIONS: For each sentence below, identify which action of the two that are underlined happens first.
EXAMPLE
I always stop to look in that shop on the way home. FIRST: stop SECOND: look
1. I must remember to write a letter tonight.
FIRST: ________ SECOND: ________
2.Sharon stopped smoking five years ago.
FIRST: _______ SECOND:___________
3. I'll never forget visiting my great aunt in Italy.
FIRST: ________ SECOND: ____________
4. Would you stop at the store to pick up some milk on your way home?
FIRST: ________ SECOND: ________
5. Don't you regret dropping out of high school?
FIRST: _______ SECOND: ________
6. I remember hating physical education classes when I was in high school.
FIRST: ________ SECOND: _______
7. I didn't forget to call my grandparents on their fiftieth wedding anniversary.
FIRST: ________ SECOND: _______
8. I regret to admit that I've never been out of this country.
FIRST: _______ SECOND: ________
9. Try to remember to phone me.
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
10. Do you remember going to school for the first time?
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
11. I forgot to tell you about the party.
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
12. I’ll never forget flying for the first time
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
13. I regret to tell you that you are very ill.
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
14. I regret telling you my secret.
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
15. He stopped to buy some flowers.
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
16. Will you stop talking, please.
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
17. Why don't you try to work harder?
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________
18. You should try going to bed earlier .
FIRST: __________ SECOND: __________