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General Index 293
Italy
Bologna , ,
Franciscan house S. Francesco
city-states, late medieval
doctoral college
Ferrara, Franciscan convent
Florence, S. Maria Novella,
Dominican friars
Imola, general chapter
library
medical education
medical writing
medicine studied by English friars
Naples
magister antiquus
regent of studium curiae
university
Padua
Rome, procurator of Dominican
Order
Salerno
San Gimignano
southern ,
universities
university medicine
James le Palmer, Omne bonum (Every
good thing) , ,
Jean de Corbechon, Augustinian
Jean de Meun, Roman de la Rose
Jerome, St
Jesus Christ Fig.,
baptism –
birth
crucixion ,
passion
date of
virgin birth
Joachim of Fiore
Joan of Kent, mother of Richard II
Joan of Navarre, queen
Johannes de Caulibus, Franciscan,
Meditationes vitae Christi
(Meditations on the life of
Christ)
Johannes Paulinus, De corio serpentis
Johannitius (Hunain ibn Ishaq),
Isagoge ,
John, St, apostle Fig.
John Ashwardby, supposed
Wyclite
John Barnard, friar
John Bruyl or Bruyll or Brytt or Bryll,
Franciscan , , –, ,
bishop of Annadown (Ireland)
guardian of London convent
papal chaplain
resident of convents of Newcastle and
Canterbury
suragan bishop of Winchester
suragan bishop of York
writer of manuscript , ,
John Castell, Dominican, friar
practitioner , , ,
John de Foxton, Liber cosmographiae
John de Lenham, Dominican, confessor
to king Edward I
John de Warenne, th earl of Surrey,
deafness ,
John Erghome or Argam,
Augustinian
collection of books given to York’s
Augustinian library , –
magister antiquus and regent, studium
generale curie, Naples
regent master of York ,
ordained at Gateshead
prior of York
went to Italy
John Gaddesden, Rosa anglica (English
rose) n., , , , , –
John Gnatsale, etford Dominican
John Goddard, Franciscan
John Hateld or Hatfeld, friar ,
John Holbeach, Franciscan ,
amanuensis
licensed to hear confessions in
Ely
Tractatus de medicinis fratris Willelmi
Holm de Ordine Minorum
294 General Index
John Malvern, royal physician,
formerly chaplain of Balliol
College
John Mireld
Breviarium Bartholomei , n.
chaplain at St Bartholomew’s
Hospital
John of Burgundy
author
De epidemia (plague tract) –, ,
, –
John of Chichester, brother –
John of Darlington, confessor to king
Henry III
John of Freiburg, Dominican, Summa
confessorum –
John of Gaunt, duke of Lancaster ,
–, , ,
supporter of Carmelites
John of Naples n.
John of Parma, Franciscan minister
general –
John of Pershore, Franciscan ,
John of Reading, brother, venerable
father, illness
John of Rupescissa (Jean de
Roquetaillade), Franciscan ,
,
Liber De consideratione quintae
essentiae –
John of St Giles, Dominican , , ,
,
experimenta or cures –, , ,
remedy for quartan fever
surgeon
treated earl of Gloucester for
headache
treatment of deafness
treatment of John de Warenne
university of Paris regent master,
spiritual adviser and physician
John of Seville
John of Stamford, Franciscan, custodian
of Oxford convent
John of Toledo, author, Cistercian, later
cardinal
physician to pope Innocent IV
Liber de conservanda sanitate (Book on
preserving health)
John of Wales, Franciscan, sixth lector to
Oxford Franciscans
Breviloquium de sapientia sanctorum
(Brief discourse on the wisdom of
the saints)
Breviloquium de virtutibus antiquorum
principum et philosophorum (Brief
discourse on the virtue of ancient
princes and philosophers)
Communiloquium, sive, Summa
collationum (General discourse, or
Summary of readings)
Compendiloquium de vita illustrium
philosophorum (Epitome on the lives
of famous philosophers)
John Pecham, Franciscan,
archbishop
visitation of Merton College,
Oxford
John Robrok, magister
John Somer, Franciscan , , , ,
at Oxford convent
Kalendarium , , Fig.
Regule ad sciendum nati vitam
(Rules for nding lifespan of
newborn)
John the Baptist, St, eve of
John Trevisa, translator of
Bartholomaeus Anglicus ,
John Waldeby, Augustinian
author and preacher in York
convent
brother of Robert Waldby
John Wellys, Franciscan
Jordan, river
Jordan of Saxony, Dominican
prior general of Dominicans, second
minister general of Order of
Preachers
General Index 295
Joseph, St, sta
Juan Gil de Zamora, Franciscan, Historia
naturalis
Katherine Northefolke, great-niece of
Michael Dawnay –
Kent
Kingsbury, omas, provincial of
English Franciscans
Kymer, Gilbert, physician , , ,
dean of Salisbury
Dietarium de sanitatis custodia –
physician to duke Humfrey of
Gloucester
rector of ‘commonalty of physicians
and surgeons’
Langland, William, Piers Plowman ,
, –, Fig., –,
Langton, Stephen, archbishop of
Canterbury
languages, teaching of
Lateran Council
Fourth () –, , , , , ,
prohibition of surgical practices of
burning and cutting ,
ird ()
Latin, lingua franca
Laurent d’Orléans, Dominican,
adaptations, Ayenbite of Inwit
(Remorse of Conscience), Book of
Vices and Virtues
law
canon , , , –,
civil
La Somme le roi –,
secular, study at University of
Paris
lawsuit ,
for trespass to recover fees paid to
Eryk de Vedica
laymen, penitent
lector, to Oxford Franciscans
leech, see healer
Leicester, Robert, De ratione
temporum, sive de compoto
Hebraeorum, aptato ad
kalendarium Latinorum (On
the reckoning of times, or the
compotus of the Jews, adapted to
the Latin calendar) ,
Leicester Abbey, Augustinian canons’
library catalogue
Leicestershire, estate of Sir John
Trussell
Leland, John, antiquarian ,
Lewis of Caerleon, astrologer
lexicon of herbs (synonyma)
Liber de diversis medicinis
Liber iuratus
Liber magistri Roberti
Liber rubeus qui aliter dicitur sapiencia
nigromancie (Red book otherwise
known as the Wisdom of
Necromancy)
lifestyle, skeletal evidence
Little Bovey (Devon)
livery
Lollard ,
dismissal of English friars
knights , n.
Lombard, Peter, Sentences
London
apothecary
Augustinian convent
bishop of
city , ,
College of Physicians , ,
‘commonalty’ of physicians and
surgeons
Greyfriars , ,
chapter house –
Lady Chapel
prior
St Bartholomew’s Hospital
St Paul’s Cathedral
sheri of
Tower Hill
296 General Index
Tower of London
Westminster Abbey, St Edmund’s
Chapel, epitaph of Robert
Waldeby
Longinus (soldier who pierced side of
Christ)
Love, Nicholas, Mirror of the Blessed
Life of Jesus Christ (translation of
Meditationes) –
Low Countries
Flanders, shrine of St Eloy
Luca da Bitonto, medical
sermons n.
Lucian, master, experimenta
Lull, pseudo-Raymond (Raymundus,
Lullius) of Majorca
De secretis nature , –,
tradition
Lutgard of Aywières n.
Macer Floridus (Odo de Meung), De
viribus herbarum , n.,
magic (occult) and necromancy , ,
, , , , –, –, ,
natural ,
rasing spirits of the dead
Malachy of Ireland, Franciscan, De
septem venenis or Tractatus de venio
(On Poison) –
Marcus of Orvieto, Liber de moralitatibus
(Book on moralities)
Marbode, De lapidibus
Marchall, Roger, cleric, London
physician ,
Marsh, Adam, Franciscan , n.,
Boniface’s counsellor
rst Franciscan lector in Oxford
letters , , –,
Master in eology
queen’s counsellor
Simon de Montfort’s counsellor
Mary, virgin Fig.,
life of
Mary I, queen
Māshāʾallāh ibn Atharī (Messahallah),
Arabic astrologer
mathematics
teaching of ,
texts on , , –
Matilda, queen
Mattioli, Andrea, author
medical
analogies
conditions, chronic
curriculum, university
economy –
knowledge, head-to-toe order of the
body (a capite ad calcem)
learning –
practice ,
in England
practitioner
friar
services, payment for, see fees
teaching (doctrina)
translation –
treatise
writing
evangelical
in England
polemical
medicine
administration
calendrical
distillation , , , –, , ,
, ,
fermentation ,
freezing (congelation)
friars practising in England ,
humoural , –,
interest in by Augustinian
canons
practical ,
practised by friars ,
practised on friars
relation to religion ,
Roger Bacon’s inuence on , ,
scholastic , ,
Dominican involvement
General Index 297
study
at English universities
at University of Paris
teaching at English universities ,
, ,
texts on , ,
university practitioners
women’s , , , , ,
writings by friars ,
medicus ,
mendicant , , , , , , ,
–, ,
anti-mendicant feeling , , ,
–
constitutions ,
denouncing by Grosseteste
enforcement campaign
fratres mendicantes (begging
friars)
library , ,
rule
texts written or compiled by ,
writing on medicine
Mesue (pseudo-), De simplicibus
medicine n.,
Middle English Dictionary
midwife , –,
miles (soldier or knight)
millenarianism –
minister general
Miroir du Monde, source for Mirroure
of the Worlde and Speculum
vitae
monarch
English
European
money-lenders
Mongol Empire, Qaraqorum
Mongols (Tartars, Saracens)
advance of
threat to Christian society
weapons against
Montfort family
Morienus, writings attributed to
Mortlake, John Dee’s house and
library –
Napier
Richard, Anglican priest , –
Richard, Sir, nephew of the
above
Narborough, Franciscan ,
‘Book of Narborough’
Passionary , ,
natural philosophy, interest in by
Augustinian canons
Neckam, Alexander
abbot of Cirencester
De naturis rerum
studied medicine in Paris
Neesbett, Nicholas
healer
Newark, Observant house
Newcastle, Observant house
Nicholas de Badele, friar ,
Nicholas Fakenham, Franciscan minister
provincial, colic ,
Nicholas of Farnham
bishop of Durham
confessor to king Henry III ,
confessor to queen Matilda
physician to king Henry III ,
Nicholas [Richard?] of Hepworth,
Franciscan ,
Nicholas of Lynn, Carmelite , ,
medical calendar , –
Nicholas of Ockham, English
Franciscan
Nicolas de Hanapes, Liber de exemplis
sacre scripturae (Book of examples
from scripture)
Northampton, friary
Northamptonshire, estate of Sir John
Trussell
nutritional status
observance, strict
Observants n.
separate English Franciscan
province
occult power, see magic
Odo de Meung, see Macer Floridus
298 General Index
optics (perspectiva)
optical instruments
burning mirror , ,
perspective, texts on
physics of light
teaching of ,
ordination lists
osteology, social
Otto, papal legate to England
Ovid, Metamorphoses
Ovid (pseudo-), De vetula
Oxford
Balliol College
course in theology
English Dictionary
rst Franciscan lector
Franciscans, Tabula septem
custodiarum –
friary
Magdalen College
Merton College ,
visitation by John Pecham
warden and fellows
New College
St Alban Hall
University –, –, , , ,
palaeopathology
Palestine
Capernaum, Christ’s miracle at
Jerusalem, collapse of the
kingdom
papal bull
Super Cathedram ()
papal Curia
papal privileges
Paracelsus ,
Paris, Matthew, Chronica majora –
Parkinson, Anthony, historian
of Franciscans, Collectanea
Anglo-minoritica
parliamentary petition
transfer of licensing power to
‘Comminalte’ ()
university degree licence for practising
physic in England ()
Paston letters
Peasants Revolt ()
penance , , –, –, , ,
–,
episcopal function
sacrament
Peter, St –
Peter de Alpibus, Master, rector of
Wimbledon, physician to queen
Eleanor of Provence
providence
Peter des Roches, bishop of
Winchester
Peter Lombard, Sentences
Peter of St Omer, translation of Novus
quadrans correctus (New and
corrected quadrant) by Profatius
Judaeus
Peter Russell, magister, Franciscan? ,
Peter Sara, brother, Franciscan
Peter the Chanter, Paris
Petrus Hispanus (Petrus Perybonensis,
Pedro Julião)
pope John XXI
esaurus pauperum –,
Petrus Peregrinus (Pierre de
Maricourt)
pharmacology
Philip, brother, Dominican friar ,
Philip III, king of France
Philip of London, Franciscan
Philip of Tripoli
Philippa, queen
philosopher ,
physic, practised by friars
physician –
scholastic ,
secular ,
supervision regulations
university ,
university trained
Pickering family of Oswaldkirk
Pied Friars
Platearius, Johannes, Salernitan
author
Practica –, , –, –
General Index 299
Platearius, Matthew, Salernitan author,
Circa instans n.,
Plawdon, omas, barber surgeon
Pliny, Natural History
Pole, Richard, Franciscan –
poor, sick
Poor Clare
pope ,
Portugal, physicians
poverty, vow of
practitioners
English
medical
women
preaching (cura animarum) , , , ,
, , , ,
bishop
Dominican
episcopal function
friar , , , ,
licences
to royalty and nobility
prescription
priest
prohibition of surgical practices of
burning and cutting
relationship with parishioners
Profatius Judaeus (Jacob ben Makhir ibn
Tibbon)
Tabulae almanac [Almanach perpetuum]
(Alamanac tables)
eorica planetarum (eory of the
planets)
prognosis , , , –, –, ,
, ,
Prognostica de naturis hominum sub
quoque signo natorum (Prognostics
of the nature of man from the sign
under which he was born)
prolonging life (prolongatio
vitae) –, –, , ,
property transactions
Prophete, John
keeper of Privy Seal
notary public, dean of York
secretary to the Council
stomach ailments
providence
Ptolemy, Almagest
pulse, taking
Pythagoras, Sphere of
Quesnel or Quesuel, Peter, Franciscan,
Directorium iuris in foro conscientiae
(Guide to law in the forum of
conscience)
R. de Boemonte, frater, Dominican
friar
Radulphus, medicus n.
Ralph Hoby or Hereford, Franciscan
astrologer –, ,
Tractatus phisice astronomice ad
magnam securitatem exercitii artis
medicine per solicitudinem fratris
Radulphi Hoby (Treatise on
astronomical physic for making the
practice of medicine safe) –
Ralph of Multon, brother
Rambert of Bologna, Speculum exemplare
(Exemplary mirror)
Randolf, brother –, ,
Randolph, John, Franciscan,
confessor ,
Raymond of Capua
master general of Dominican
Order
letters
Raymond of Peñafort, Dominican, Summa
de casibus poenitentiae (Treatise on the
cases of penance) –
records
administrative
chancellery
ecclesiastical
exchequer
secular
university
university of Oxford
Rede, John
Redynge, friar
Reed or Rede, William ,
Reformation
300 General Index
regimen , , , –, –, ,
–, , , –, , , , ,
,
advice from friars , ,
regimen bonum secundum bernardum de
conservatione capitulo
regimen sanitatis (rule of
health) , , –, –, ,
, ,
Regimen sanitatis salerni (Regimen of
health of Salerno)
Reginald de Stokes, Master, secular
physician
Reginald Lambourne, Franciscan (or
Benedictine), astrologer ,
religious instruction
remedies , , see also treatments
agrimony
ale
aloe
lignum
of Socotra ,
pills
ambergris
animal parts , ,
‘ardent water’ (aqua ardens)
Armenian bole
aromatic spices
autumn crocus
balsam n., , –
articial –,
ash from burned branches
(lachobalsamum)
berries, boiled
(carpobalsamum)
‘best’
branches (xilobalsamum)
common (venale)
‘mother of balsam’
oleo-resin (opobalsamum)
bandage to manage redness, swelling
and tearful eyes (Lacrime)
bean and rye our
bear’s foot (plant)
beer
betony ,
blood
of crow or raven ,
human , , , –, –, ,
‘bone’ found in stag’s heart
bread, black
broom, butcher’s
camphor
cardamom
cassia seed pods
castor (diacastoreum)
cider
comfrey juice
coral
cumin
diapenidion –
digestive medicine
dittany (dictamnus)
diuretic
draget or dredge (sweet preparation,
dragée) ,
dragon’s blood
dung
cow , ,
sheep
earth, medicinal
Armenian
Lemnian
eectiveness
egg
raw
shell (testa ovorum)
whites
yolk
electuary , , –, , , ,
earl of Gloucester’s
pliris
emerald
fennel
eawort (psyllium)
frankincense ,
fumitory
galingale (diagalanga)
general, index
gold , ,
General Index 301
gum , , ,
arabic ,
herbs and spices , , , , ,
–, , –, , , , ,
honey or syrup , , , ,
hyssop (ysopus) –
ivory shavings
leek sap (tuthimalli)
lemon
licorice
marigold
mastic
from Chios
materia medica , , , ,
meat water (aqua carnis)
metal, base or noble
milk, woman’s
mineral , , ,
mint
musk
myrobalans (Indian dried plum) ,
myrrh ,
nard-oil (from valerian family)
nutmeg oil (oleum muscellinum)
occult
oil –, –,
of juniper
of mastic (resin from mastic tree)
of roses
of wormwood
olive leaves
opium ,
parsley juice
pearls
ground (diamargariton)
pepper
diatrion
persil
pestilential, index
plants –
pork
potion
powder, ‘imperial powder’ (pulvis
imperialis) –,
propolis (bee glue)
Punchardon’s remedy (sanativum
punchardonum) , , , ,
quicksilver (mercury)
raven’s egg
resin ,
rhubarb , , , ,
rosata novella
rose
juice of
root
syrup of
water –
rosemary (anthus/antha) –
owers (dianthus) ,
rue ,
saron ,
sage
St John’s wort
sal ammoniac (ammonium
chloride)
Salsamentum Pictavie (Scottish
sauce)
sanguis veneris
sarcocolla gum
savory
secret
silk, burnt
silver
simple –, , , , ,
animal, herbal, mineral
spignel
spikenard
spurge
gum
sap (anabulle)
stavesacre (herb)
stones, precious , , ,
strawberries, wild
sugar ,
barley
sulphur
syrup of violet and white wine
theriac (remedy containing
balsam) ,
thyme
urine, child’s
302 General Index
vegetable
vinegar ,
viper’s
esh
skin
water, well
wine , –, , ,
lees, balls of (poma tartari)
white
wormwood (absinthium)
zedoary
remedy book , ,
Franciscan ,
Rhazes, see Abū Bakr al-Rāzī
Ricardus Anglicus, texts on diagnostics
and therapeutics
Richard de Clare, th earl of Gloucester,
treatment by John of St
Giles –
Richard de Kirkby, brother, illness
Richard de Punchardon, Sir
land at Little Bovey (Devon)
military oce in reign of Edward
III
Richard de orpe, Augustinian ,
Richard Heth, brother and
physician
Richard II, king , , , ,
Richard III, king ,
Richard of Lavynham, Dominican, A
Litil Tretys
Richard of Maidstone, Carmelite
confessor to John of Gaunt
Penitential psalms –, ,
Richard of Wallingford, Albion –
Richard Tenet, Carmelite , –,
De urinis mulieris (on woman’s urines)
reputed to have studied at Oxford
scribe of copy of John Baconthorpe’s
commentary on Sentences of Peter
Lombard
writer of manuscript
Richmond, Franciscan convent ,
Rigaud, Jean, Franciscan, Formula
confessionis
Ripley, George, Augustinian canon
Robert Holcot, Dominican, Commentary
on wisdom
Robert Le Moigne, Dominican,
master ,
Robert of Courson
Robert of ornham, brother
custodian at Cambridge ,
warden of friars at Lynn
Robert of York, Dominican ,
De elementorum mixtione musica
(On the musical mixture of
elements)
De impressione aeris or De mutabilibus
elementorum (On atmospheric
pressure or On changes of the
elements) –
‘Perscrutator’ (Investigator)
Robert Wainete or Waynet,
Franciscan friar , , , ,
Robert Waldby or Waldeby, Augustinian
friar ,
archbishop of York
associated with court of king Richard
II –
assumed to have studied at Oxford
and Toulouse
at Augustinian convent of
York –
Robert Winstanton, Franciscan
friar , ,
Roger de Barone, Practica maior or
Summa (Rogerina) ,
Roger de Kirkby, brother of Richard
Roger of Hereford
treatise on compotus
adaptation of Toledan tables
Roger of Parma, Practica chirurgiae
(Surgery)
royal chapel
Royal Society
sacrament
administering by friars –
baptism
eucharist
St Albans, abbey ,