Добавил:
ivanov666
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Focus on topics. Family & work. A Guide for students and teachers. Учебное пособие
.pdf
Министерство образования и науки России
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное
учреждение высшего профессионального образования
«Казанский национальный исследовательский
технологический университет»
И. М. Булатова
FOCUS ON TOPICS:
Family & Work
A Guide for students and teachers
Учебное пособие
Казань
Издательство КНИТУ
2013
УДК 802.0
ББК Ш 143.21 - 923
Булатова И. М.
Focus on topics: family & work. A Guide for students and teachers :
учебное пособие / И. М. Булатова; М-во образ. и науки России, Казан.
нац. исслед. технол. ун-т. – Казань : Изд-во КНИТУ, 2013. – 140 с.
ISBN 978-5-7882-1510-5
Пособие нацелено на формирование лексико-грамматической
правильности речи в рамках устных тем «Семья» и «Работа»,
традиционно предлагаемых на экзаменах. Интегрированный подход к
презентации материала обеспечивает сбалансированное развитие всех
видов речевой деятельности; обширный банк заданий позволяет
успешно подготовиться к уровню независимого и компетентного
пользователя английского языка, а тесты – отслеживать результаты
усвоения материала.
Рассчитано на бакалавров и магистрантов всех специальностей
неязыкового вуза.
Подготовлено на кафедре «Иностранные языки в
профессиональной коммуникации».
Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета
Казанского национального исследовательского технологического
университета.
Рецензенты: доц. Г.А. Арсланова
проф. Н.А. Константинова
ISBN 978-5-7882-1510-5 © Булатова И.М., 2013
© Казанский национальный исследовательский
технологический университет, 2013
2
Introduction
Welcome to the “Focus on topics: family & work” book. The book
contains material to help you:
a. revise and develop your existing skills in English;
b. prepare for your final exams;
c. increase your confidence in ability to learn and master English.
The primary aim of the book is to provide you with a means of
developing and extending your use of English with particular emphasis on
English related to everyday life.
It focuses on the English needed in the following areas:
for making and supporting contacts;
for expressing and defending your viewpoint on the
problem;
for taking part in discussions;
for surviving in unpredictable life situations.
The book contains the authentic listening and reading texts related to
topics:
Family and relationships;
Employment and work.
The book is divided into two parts:
1. The Student’s book and 2. The Teacher’s notes.
The latter presents typescripts for all recorded material and provides
answer keys to the exercises except those which depend on judgment or
experience.
At the start of the guide you will find a Map of the book to help you
plan the studies and design a route through the material in accordance with
your needs. It tells you in detail which part of the book focuses on which
aspects of learning English.
The Map is followed by the material division into lessons (Lesson 1, Lesson
2, …, etc).
Each unit is self-contained and includes the following sections in
varying order:
Starter activities Listening
3
Grammar Revision Reading
Individual work Speaking
Country study Writing
Ways of learning Vocabulary
Conclusions Functions
Supplementary texts Discussion
These sections provide a regular coverage of the four language
skills, opportunities for the study of the language system. Each section
consists of an integrated sequence of activities and develops out of the
previous one.
A wide variety of activities is used to focus on the four language
skills. These include giving definitions, classifying, true/false, matching,
note-taking, consensus discussion, article writing and many others.
Although the sections of the lessons are grouped thematically each one
works independently, so you can use the book in several ways.
You could, for instance:
select lessons in accordance with your particular
needs and interests;
work through the book from beginning to end ;
concentrate on particular sections across lessons,
e. g. Grammar revision, Country study, Discussion.
As you study, you may find it helpful to make a regular use of a good
English dictionary and a modern English Grammar book.
I hope you will enjoy using this course and I wish you every success in your
studies.
The Author.
4
Student’s book
Contents
Unit 1 Family
● Starter Activities 6
● Listening 6
● Grammar Revision 8
● Language Study 13
● Reading 18
● Speaking 23
● Writing 27
● Country Study 28
● Discussion 30
● Conclusions 31
(Test yourself)
● Supplementary Texts 35
Unit 2 Work
● Starter Activities 50
● Listening 52
● Language Study 54
● Grammar Revision 66
● Reading 74
● Speaking 78
● Writing 83
● Country Study 94
● Discussion 97
● Conclusions 98
(Test yourself)
● Supplementary Texts 102
5
F A M I L Y
R
elative
s Names
C
ountries
C
ities Professions
Unit 1
S t a r t e r A c t i v i t i e s
1. Answer these questions about yourself and your country.
1. What is your first name?
2. What is your surname?
3. Is that a common name in your country?
4. Do you have a middle name?
5. Are you an only child?
6. Have you got brothers or sisters?
7. Are single-parent families becoming more common in your
country?
8. In our country, do more and more people live together without
getting married?
9. Is your family big?
* * *
L i s t e n i n g
2. Here is part of a talk about family. Listen and answer these questions.
a. What is the stereotypical family in England?
b. Why is the English stereotypical family changing nowadays?
c. What is said about the narrator’s parents?
d. How many relatives are described in a talk? What are they?
e. What geographical names (countries, cities) and professions are
mentioned?
3. Fill in the table.
Table 1
6
4. Listen to the extract once more. Ask additional questions your group
mates to get a complete information beginning with the phrases:
- May I ask a question?
- Could you tell me …?
- Can you tell me …?
- Do you happen to know …?
- I wonder if you tell me …?
- I’m interested to know if …?
- Could I ask a slightly different question?
- I have another question…
5. Listen and put down.
While listening to the text once again make notes of key-words as
a plan of a narration.
Characterize the narrator’s manner of speaking. Select the fillers
and other characteristics of natural speech.
Instruction to follow
When people speak naturally they know w h a t they want to
say. But they decide h o w they are speaking. This means their
speech may contain some or all of these features:
Hesitations and fillers. When people are thinking of what
they want to say, they use expressions such as “er”,
“um”, ‘well”, “I mean”, “actually”, and so on.
Unfinished sentences.
Repetition and rephrasing.
Grammatical errors.
Because of these features natural speech generally uses more
words than scripted speech to communicate the same
information. What should the listener do?
Concentrate on what the speaker is trying to communicate.
* * *
7
G r a m m a r R e v i s i o n
Суффикс
Значение
Пример
Суффикс
Значение
Пример
● Суффиксы частей речи
Суффиксы имен существительных
Таблица 2
-s, -es simple, plural boys, boxes
-ism state of, doctrine alcoholism, Americanism
-ee one who receives an action employee, lessee
-er, -ar, -or one who, a thing which employer, liar, actor, tractor
-an, -ian one who artisan, guardian
-ist one who artist, guitarist
-ant, -ent one who tenant, dependent
-ance, -ence state of, quality of performance, dependence
-ture, -lude state of, quality of solitude, interlude
-ion,-tion,-sion state of, quality of union, nation, tension
-ty, -ity state of, quality of faculty, unity
-ment state of, quality of government
-ness state of, quality of happiness
-ship state of, quality of friendship, leadership
-ary, -ory a place for library, armory
Суффиксы глаголов
Таблица 3
-s third person singular saves, cries
(Present tense: he, she, it)
-ing present participle saving, crying
-ed, -t past participle saved, felt
-ate to make, to cause, to be duplicate, fixate
-en to make, to cause, to be listen, quicken
-fy, -ify to make, to cause, to be electrify, terrify
-ize to make, to cause, to be economize, terrorize
Суффиксы прилагательных
Таблица 4
Суффикс Значение Пример
-er comparative (of two) prettier, larger
-est superlative (of more than two) prettiest, largest
-able, -ible able to suitable, visible
-y, -ly having the nature of fatty, lively
-ar, -ic, -ish having the nature of familiar, economic,
boyish
-tious, -cious having the nature of ambitious, vicious
-ive, -ative having the nature of native, talkative
-ant, -ent having the nature of dominant
-less without, free of homeless, useless
-ful full of graceful, careful
8
Суффиксы наречий
Таблица 5
Суффикс Значение Пример
-ly in a certain manner slowly, hourly
●Вопросительное предложение
Notice the different ways of asking direct and indirect questions.
Direct questions
When is the first flight to Moscow?
Is the flight fully booked?
Indirect questions
Can you tell me when the first flight to Moscow is?
Do you happen to know if the flight is fully booked?
NB The indirect question forms sound more polite than the direct forms and
are suitable when asking for information from a stranger.
6. Change the following direct questions into polite requests for
information. You can use the phrases presented above.
1. What time does the first plane leave for Kiev?
2. Are the hotels cheaper in Kazan than in London?
3. What is the best way to travel from Kazan to Paris?
4. Do I have to change at Moscow?
5. Which airport does the plane leave from?
Conditional sentences
1. When you are talking about something which may possibly happen in
the future, you use a present or present perfect tense in the
conditional clause, and the simple future in the main clause.
9
If I marry Ann, we will need a new house.
A
condition result
If we
increase
sales we’
ll make
a pro
fit.
B
condition result
If we
reduced
our costs we’
d be in a stronger position.
If you are going to America, you will need a visa.
If he has done the windows, he will want his money.
NB: You do not normally use “will” in conditional clauses.
You do not say “If I will see you tomorrow, I will give you the
book”.
2. When you are talking about something that you think is unlikely to
happen, you use the past simple or past continuous in the conditional
clause and “would” in the main clause.
If I had enough money, I would buy the car.
If he was coming, he would ring.
NB: You do not normally use “would” in conditional clauses.
You do not say “If I would do it, I would do it like this”.
Notice the difference between the two forms of the conditional.
If we go and see Harris we’ll get the contract.
If we delay we’ll be too late.
present tense future tense (‘ll = will)
If we increased our spending we’d be in serious financial
. difficulties.
past tense conditional tense (‘d = would)
In A the speaker sees the condition as In B the condition is seen as doubtful.
a real possibility. He thinks it is quite The speaker thinks that it is unlikely
possible for them to increase sales, go that they will reduce costs or increase
and see Harris or delay too long. spending.
10
Соседние файлы в предмете [НЕСОРТИРОВАННОЕ]