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Файл:Focus on topics. Family & work. A Guide for students and teachers. Учебное пособие
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The teacher told Mike to stand up and say what he knew.
● General questions
● Special questions
REPORTED QUESTIONS Table 9
ask smb
wonder
want to know if + direct word order
would like to know whether
inquire
e.g. “Is this your new computer?” he asked.
He wondered if that was my new computer.
REPORTED QUESTIONS Table 10
ask smb what
wonder where
want to know how + direct word order
would like to know why, ….
e.g. “What’s your name?” she asked.
She wanted to know what my name was.
e.g. “Which book should I take?” he asked.
He wondered which book he should take.
NOTES
Remember the change in words referring to time, places and persons.
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Table 11
Direct
Reported
Direct
Reported
now
→
then, at that time
ago
→
before, earlier
Speech
here →
this →
these →
today →
tomorrow →
yesterday →
speech
there
that, it, the
those
that day
the next day,
the following day
the day before,
the previous day
speech
last week →
(year, month)
next week →
(year, month)
here →
speech
the week(year,
month) before,
the previous
week
the following
week (year,
month)
there, at that
place
Direct and indirect speech exercises
(Study and use tables 7 – 11).
27. A Put in the appropriate form of say, tell or ask.
1. Ben
2. Lucy ______ Harris that she couldn’t go to the pictures with him.
3. He ______ me if I smoked.
4. She ______ Jane if she could play the violin very well.
5. I ______ her if she liked children.
B Report the statements.
1. Betty said to Lucy, “I’m sorry to disturb you.”
2. Dan said, “I’ve missed my bus, I’ll be late and my boss will be
furious.”
3. The girl said to her friends, “I didn’t go to the stadium yesterday.”
4. My brother said, “I’m talking on the phone.”
5. Nora says to Jack, “I’ll tell you what to do.”
C
1. She asked him, “Why did you make me go out tonight?”
2. I said Jim, “Where were you last month?”
3. She says to me, “Do you think it is right?”
______ that the lift is out of order.
Report the questions.
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4. The writer said to the editor, “Will the book have been published
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
by spring?”
5. He says, “What are you doing here, Liz?”
D Report the following requests and orders.
1. The teacher, “Don’t be late, Peter.”
2. The guard, “Turn back.”
3. George, “Don’t speak over the phone when I’m listening to
music, Betty.”
4. The guide, “Mind the step”.
5. Mother, “Don’t eat so many cakes, children”.
E Match the two parts of the sentences.
1. He said he would write a letter …
2. She said she had left home …
3. She said they had been planning to go out …
4. Billy said that when he got there …
5. John complained they hadn’t stayed in the hotel …
6. He told me the price would be £3 …
7. I informed my teacher I was unwell and …
8. She said she did not know …
9. He ordered them not to stop …
10. He wanted to know …
a. … because it was too expensive.
b. … why I had forgotten everything.
c. … which he had intended to write long ago.
d. …the theatre was almost empty.
e. … what it had been.
f. … but then Lucy had started feeling bad.
g … couldn’t go hiking.
h. … before the telegram came.
i. … if I paid cash.
j. …and continue their trip.
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F
Correct the errors.
1. She asked him where he came from.
2. She asked who Bill had been.
3. She asked me why the tree was cut down.
4. We asked them if they are able to come to our place earlier.
5. The custom officer asked me if I had had anything to declare.
G Make the sentences direct.
1. He told her that he would help her.
2. Mike told Mary that he had rung him an hour before.
3. She asked him to come in.
4. She told him she would do all she could.
5. She asked him if he was not homesick sometimes.
6. She asked him if he would come back that day.
7. He asked her what she was going to do.
8. He advised her not to hesitate to say anything she wanted to.
9. He asked her to tell him a joke.
10. She warned him if he did not hurry up he would the late.
* * *
R e a d i n g
* Pre-text exercises
28.
Form nouns from the following verbs:
to decide, to attend, to specify, to move, to like, to know, to help,
to choose, to start, to mean, to sit.
29.
Form the derivatives from the following words:
company, sitting, organization, happy, to choose, claimed, separate,
inform, regulation, less.
30.
State to what part of speech the following words belong:
department, rules, regulation, normally, description, means, daily,
following, specify, advance, installments, separate, rest, supervisor,
matter, eight, average.
74
31.
Check up if you remember the translation of the following words
and word combinations:
to welcome, a little bit, to adhere to something, rules and regulations,
in the long run, flexi time, core time, per week, overtime,
departmental head, point, in advance, day off, period off, canteen,
rest of the week, sitting, supervisor, job description, average, to
claim, etc, lunch ticket, either … or, on sale.
32.
Translate the following into Russian paying attention to the
grammatical forms of the verbs.
I’d like to welcome you; I’m going to tell you; you are going to;
you’ll see; are concerned; will be closed; you are going to; can do;
must do; shouldn’t do; can be claimed; needn’t start; must be taken;
may be taken.
33.
Read the text.
Company rules and regulations
PERSONNEL MANAGER
you to our organization. Now you all know which departments you
are going to, but before you go off I’m going to tell you a little bit
about us and about the rules and regulations which we try to adhere
to. And the reason why we have these rules is that they help us all to
know what we can do, what we must do and what we shouldn’t do –
and in the long run make this a happy place to work.
First of all the flexi time system. Most of you can choose what
time you are going to start and finish. However, you must all be here
for core time which is from 10 till 3. You should all work for a
minimum of 37 hours a week and normally you shouldn’t work more
than 41 hours. If you look at your job descriptions you’ll see that you
should put in an average of 38,5 hours a week. This means you can
put in up to an extra 2,5 hours week. However, at the end of a month
you shouldn’t have more that 10 hours overtime, because only 10
hours can be claimed. Is that clear?
As far as your daily working hours are concerned, you should tell
the departmental heads on the Friday what times you are going to
start the following week. You needn’t start each day at the same time,
but you must be here between 10 and 3 and you mustn’t put in less
than 37 hours in a week. And one more point, you needn’t specify in
advance what time you are going to finish.
: Good morning, I’d like to welcome
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You all have 18 days holiday a year. Ten of these 18 days must
be eight taken during July, when the company will be closed. The
other eight days may be taken in either one or two installments, for
example, five days and three days or six days and two days, etc. But
you can’t have eight separate single days off or four 2-day periods
off.
We have a canteen here where you can have lunch. Lunch tickets
are on sale on Monday mornings only and this means you must buy
your tickets then for the rest of the week. The canteen is open
between 12.30 and 2 o’clock and there are two sittings. You should
decide on Monday which sitting you are going to attend and tell the
supervisor when you buy your tickets.
So, any questions about these three points – flexi time, holidays
and lunch – before I move on to the next matter.
34.
Answer the questions to the text.
1. The text presents an introductory speech, doesn’t it?
2. By whom is the speech delivered?
3. Who are the listeners?
4. How many points are discussed? What are they?
5. Where does the situation take place?
6. What is the destination of rules and regulations in this company?
7. What is meant by a flexi time system?
8. How long should the secretaries work?
9. What is the core time in this company?
10. How many hours can be claimed as an overtime at the end of a
month?
11. Do the secretaries of this company have holidays?
12. What are the rules concerning days off?
13 When is the company closed?
14. How should the secretaries organize the attendance of a canteen?
35.
First read the information from an introductory speech given by
the Personnel Manager to a group of newly recruited secretaries
joining a company. Then put a tick (√) in the TRUE or FALSE
column if the information you read corresponds with the
information in the text or it doesn’t.
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The secretaries Table 12
TRUE
FALSE
may choose what time to start work
needn’t work between 10 and 3
mustn’t work l
ess than 37 hours a week
can claim a maximum of 10 hours overtime per
should inform their department heads each Monday
must start each day at the same time in any one week
needn’t say in advance what time they intend
to
can take 8 days holiday in July
can take lunch in the canteen
must buy lunch tickets on Friday for the following
month
of their weekly hours
finish
week
36.
Underline in the text and translate into Russian the sentences with
modal verbs.
37.
Find the English equivalents to the following Russian sentences.
1. А причина, по которой мы следуем этим правилам,
заключается в том, что они знакомят нас с тем, что мы можем
делать, что мы должны делать и чего нам не следует делать – а
это в результате способствует созданию благоприятной
атмосферы на рабочем месте.
2. Что касается рабочего времени, то вам следует в пятницу
поставить в известность начальника отдела, в какое время вы
приступите к работе на следующей неделе.
3. И еще один момент: заранее не надо точно определять
время окончания работы.
38.
Find the topical sentence(s) of each passage (i.e. the sentence(s)
containing the central idea of the passage). Report the statements.
(Use the tables).
39.
Imagine, that you are one of newly recruited secretaries joining a
company. When listening to an introductory speech given by the
Personnel Manager react (
agree or disagree
) to the rules and
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regulations accepted in the company. Enumerate rules (3) you
With a person
With a p
roposal
(++)
I entirely agree with you.
I couldn’t agree more.
(+) Tentative
You are probably right.
I think we can accept that.
(-)Tentative
You could be right,
I’m not sure we can accept
(--) Complete
I disagree entirely.
I can’t possibly agree to that.
agree and disagree with.
Useful phrases
Table 13
Complete
agreement
agreement
disagreement
disagreement
I absolutely agree.
I’m inclined to agree with
you.
but ...
Up to a point I’d agree
with you, but …
I really don’t agree at all.
I’m all in favour of that.
That is perhaps a good idea.
that.
I don’t think I’m really in
favour of that.
That is totally unacceptable.
* * *
S p e a k i n g
One of the most common ways to start a conversation is to talk
about your work. Here’s how to begin.
A.
T y p e o f j o b
B
. Y o u r l i n e
What’s your line (of business)?
C
. Y o u r e m p l o y e r
Who do you work for?
D
. P l ac e o f w o r k
Where do you work?
What’s do you do (for a living)?
I’m an engineer.
I’m in engineering.
I’m with Sorex.
I work for myself. / I’m self – employed.
I work at Sorex’s factory in Sheffield.
I work at the local hospital.
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I’m based in Leeds, but I’m on the road most
of the time (salesman).
E
. Y o u r p a r t i c u l a r j o b
What do you do at Sorex?
I’m MD (= Managing Director).
I’m a clerk in the sales department.
F
. Y o u r s t a t u s
Are you there permanently?
Yes, I’m full-time.
No, I’m part-time.
I’m freelance (= earning a living by selling
services wherever I can).
I’m on (six-month’s) contract.
I do contract work for them.
I’m an apprentice.
G.
Y o u r a c t i v i t y
What do you do all day?
I do the accounts.
I travel a lot.
I deal with customers.
40.
Check up if you remember the translation of the following words:
curiosity, to sign, to participate, term, agreement, to last, quarter,
break, sure, employee, various, to suppose, trip, fortnight, to depend.
41.
Work in pairs. Dramatize the dialogue. Practice in reading aloud.
Change direct into indirect speech. (Use tables).
Working day
- Donald, you look so tired. You don’t feel well, do you?
- It’s not that. I am really tired. I need a rest.
- Take a holiday.
- I can’t do it now. We’ve got a lot of work to do.
- Excuse my curiosity, what do you usually do at your office?
- You’d better ask me what I don’t do at my office. As soon as I
come to my office I have to answer telephone calls, sign
documents, participate in the talks, discuss the terms of the
agreements, send letters and telegrams and do many other things.
79
- How long does your working day last?
- It depends … I come to my office at a quarter to nine and at 5
p.m. our working day is over. But if we’ve got many things to do,
we stay there until everything is done.
- I see. I suppose, you’ve got a break for lunch.
- Sure. At I p.m. we’ve got a break for lunch which lasts for an
hour.
- Do you sometimes go on business trips?
- Our employees go to various cities and towns in this country and
abroad.
- Have you been abroad?
- Yes, several times. I have already been to Canada, Australia and
West Germany.
- Have you been to the USA?
- Not yet. I am planning to go there next year. And you, have you
been to the USA?
- Yes, I returned from the USA last month. I spent a fortnight there
and visited New York, Washington and Boston.
- It was a business trip, wasn’t it?
- Sure.
W o r d l i s t:
1. As soon as … – Как только …
2. to sign – подписывать
3. to participate – участвовать
4. to discuss the terms of the agreements – обсуждать условия
договоров
5. to have many things to do – иметь много дел
6. employee – служащий
7. various – различный
8. abroad – за границей
9. fortnight – две недели
10. to learn to speak – научиться говорить
42.
Read and translate the speech patterns. Follow the model .
Speech patterns:
*
Martin says he has hurt his leg.
Мартин говорит, что он ушиб ногу.
1) Martin said he had hurt his leg. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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