Производственная безопасность основы производственной безопасности. Практикум
.pdfɊɟɲɟɧɢɟ
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
|
GF GɜWSKY |
|
ɝɞɟ GF ± ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ȽɈɌȼ ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞɚɯ ɫ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɹɳɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɤɝ Gɜ ± ɦɚɫɫɨɜɚɹ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɝ ɦ
Wɪ ± ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɦ
KY ± ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɝɚɡɨɨɛ ɦɟɧɚ ɜ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ
|
Ⱦɥɹ ɡɚɥɚ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ KY |
|
||||
|
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ Gɜ |
|||||
ɝ ɦ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ |
|
|||||
|
G |
|
MV |
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
ɜ |
|
|
|||
ɝɞɟ M ± ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ V ± ɨɛɴɟɦɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɴɟɦɧ ɡɚɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɫ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɹɳɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ
|
N |
ɫ |
GC |
|
|
|
W U K |
|
|||||
|
|
ɡ |
|
|||
|
|
|
ɫ ɫ |
|
||
ɝɞɟ Wɫ ± ɨɛɴɟɦ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɚ ɥ ɬɢɩɚɠɧɵɣ ɪɹɞ Wɥ
Uɫ ± ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɚɡɚ ɤɝ ɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥ
Kɡ ± ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɈɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ Wɜ ɥ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
|
|
ɪF |
|
W |
W |
|
|
|
|
W |
PLQ |
|
F |
ɬɪ |
|
|
|
|
ɪ |
pɜ |
||||||
|
ɜ |
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
PD[ |
|
PLQ |
|
|
ɝɞɟ ɪPLQF pPLQɜ ± ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞɚɯ ɫ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɹɳɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚ ɜɨɦ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ Ɇɉɚ
Wɫ ± ɨɛɴɟɦ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ ɫ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɹɳɢɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ
ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɬɢɩɚɠɧɨ ɦɭ ɪɹɞɭ
Wɬɪ ± ɨɛɴɟɦ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɥ
Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ |
ɪF |
|
pɜ |
Ɇɉɚ |
ɪ Ɇɉɚ |
Wɬɪ ɥ |
PLQ |
|
PLQ |
|
PD[ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɁɚɞɚɧɢɟɊɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɝɢɞɪɚɧɬɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɬɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɟɦɭ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞ
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ
Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ d ɦɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
|
d |
q |
|
|
|
v |
|||||
|
|
|
|
ɝɞɟ q ± ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɦ ɱ
v ± ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɟ ɦ ɫ
Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ d ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɵɪɚɡɢɬɶ ɜ ɞɸɣɦɚɯ ɦɦ Ⱦɪɨɛɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɤɪɭɝɥɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ
Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɤɥɨɧ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɬɪɭɛ
|
i |
v |
|
|
|
|
d |
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
ɝɞɟ v ± ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɜ ɬɪɭɛɟ ɦ ɫ d ± ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ ɬɪɭɛ ɦɦ
ɇɚɩɨɪ ɇ ɦ ɭ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɧɚɩɨɪɨɜ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɬɪɟɦ
|
n |
|
|
+ ¦K jlj ij rVLQDj +ɤ |
|
|
i |
|
ɝɞɟ n ± ɱɢɫɥɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ K ± ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɢ ɫ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚɦɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɋɩɪɚɜɨɱɧɢ ɤɨɦ ɩɨ ɪɭɞɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɉɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ j ± ɧɨɦɟɪ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ
lj ± ɞɥɢɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɦ ij ± ɝɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɤɥɨɧ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ D ± ɭɝɨɥ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɝɪɚɞɭɫ ɇɤ ± ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɟ ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɭ ɩɨ ɠɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɚɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɇɤ ɦ
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ
5.3.1. Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ 1
Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɯɥɚɞɨɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
|
GF ɤɝ |
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɹ ɞɨ ɰɟɥɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɯɥɚɞɨɧɚ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɤɝ
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɫ ȽɈɌȼ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ Ȼɟɪɟɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɸ ɛɚɥɥɨɧ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ ɥ Wɫ ɥ
|
|
|
|
NF |
|
||
|
|||
ɉɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ ɥ ɫ ȽɈɌȼɈɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɮɨɪɦɭ
ɥɭ
W ɥ
ɜ |
|
|
ɋɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɥ Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɠɚɬɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɚ ɩɨ ɥ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɂɬɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬ ɥ
|
|
5.3.2. Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚ 2 |
||||
|
Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ |
|||||
|
|
d |
|
|
ɦɦ |
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
||
ɢɥɢ ɜ ɞɸɣɦɚɯ |
|
|
|
|||
|
d |
|
ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦ d |
|||
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
||
Ƚɢɞɪɚɜɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɤɥɨɧ i ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɫɱɢɬɚɹ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ d ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɣ ɜ ɩ d ɬ ɟ d d ā
|
i |
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
|
||
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣ ɧɚɩɨɪ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ |
||||
n |
|
|
|
|
K |
|
|
|
|
l |
ɦ l ɦ l ɦ |
|
||
Į ± Į Į ± ɇɤ ɦ
ɇ > Â Â >± @ Â Â > @Â Â>± @ @ >± ± @ ɦ
Ɍɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɨɬɱɟɬɭ
Ɉɬɱɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɭɫɬɧɵɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɨɝɧɟɬɭɲɚɳɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚɯɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɯ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɬɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚ
ɧɢɣ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɯ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɬɭɲɟɧɢɹ
ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜɜɵɜɨɞɵ ȼɵɜɨɞɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ
ɨɬ ɜɨɡɝɨɪɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ
ɬɚɛɥ ɞɥɹ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ
ɇɚ ɤɚɤɢɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɝɧɟɬɭɲɚɳɢɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɳɟ ɫɬɜɚ"
ɉɪɢɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɨɤ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɬɭ ɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɜɢɞɭ ɨɝɧɟɬɭɲɚɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ
Ⱦɚɣɬɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɭ ©ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɩɨɠɚ ɪɨɬɭɲɟɧɢɹª
Ʉɚɤɨɜ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɨɝɧɟɬɭɲɚɳɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ"ɋɨɡɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ
ɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɬɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɟɫɥɢ ©ɞɚª ɬɨ ɜ ɱɟɦ ɨɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ"
Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɬɶ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɬɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɦ" ɉɨɱɟɦɭ"
Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɨɝɧɟɝɚɫɹɳɢɯ"ȼ ɱɟɦ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɬɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ
ɚɷɪɨɡɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ"
|
|
|
|
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 5.2 |
|
|
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɤ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɸ ʋ |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ |
Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɛɚɥɥɨɧɨɜ |
|
||
ʋ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ |
ɡɚɳɢɳɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɩɨ |
ȽɈɌȼ |
|||
ȽɈɌȼWɫ |
ɥ |
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
ɦɟɳɟɧɢɹWɪ ɦ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ⱥɪɝɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ HD |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ ɐ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ⱥɪɝɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɂɧɟɪɝɟɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ⱥɪɝɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ HD |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ɉɤɫɢɞ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɂɧɟɪɝɟɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ ɐ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ HD |
|
|
|
|
|
Ɉɤɫɢɞ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɂɧɟɪɝɟɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ ɐ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɂɧɟɪɝɟɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ɉɤɫɢɞ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ⱥɪɝɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɂɧɟɪɝɟɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ HD |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ ɐ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ⱥɪɝɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
Ɉɤɫɢɞ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɏɥɚɞɨɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 5.3 |
|
|
|
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɤ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɸ ʋ |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ɋɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɞɵ |
|
ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ |
|
|
|
ɍɝɨɥ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ |
|
Ɍɪɟɛɭɟ± |
||
ʋ ɜɚɪɢ |
|
ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ |
Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ |
|
|||||||
ɜ ɬɪɭɛɨɩɪɨ |
|
ɜɨɞɵ ɜ |
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɜɨɞɨ |
|
ɦɵɣ |
||||||
ɚɧɬɚ |
ɜɨɞɟ |
|
ɬɪɭɛɟv |
ɜɨɞɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚlɦ |
ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ Į ɝɪɚ |
|
ɧɚɩɨɪ + |
||||
|
qɦ ɱ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɞɭɫ |
|
|
ɦ |
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɫ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
± |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
± |
|
|
|
|
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟɁɧɚɤ ©±ª ɩɟɪɟɞ ɭɝɥɨɦ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɵ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜɧɢɡ ɩɨ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɡɧɚɤ © ª ± ɜɜɟɪɯ ɩɨ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ
ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ
ɈɉɊȿȾȿɅȿɇɂȿ ɄȺɌȿȽɈɊɂɃ ɉɈɆȿɓȿɇɂɃ ɉɈ ɉɈɀȺɊɇɈɃ ɈɉȺɋɇɈɋɌɂ
ɐɟɥɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ± ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ ©ɉɨɠɚɪɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶª ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɜɵɤɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟ ɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ
Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɨɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧ ɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɜ ɢ ɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶ ɧɵɣ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɜ ɇɚ ɪɢɫ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɤɢ
ɉɨɠɚɪɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɤɚ
ɂɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ |
Ɉɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ |
Ɉɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ |
ɍɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ |
ɩɨɠɚɪɚ |
ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ |
ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟ |
ɬɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ |
|
ɥɸɞɟɣ |
ɧɢɹ |
|
|
ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ |
ɩɨɠɚɪɚ |
|
|
ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ |
|
|
Ɋɢɫ Ɂɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɚɤɬɢɤɢ
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɷɤɨ ɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɤɪɢɬɟɪɢɹɦɢ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɣɧɚɭɱɧɚɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɹ ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɬɪɚɬ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ
ɩɪɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɤɨ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧ ɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɜɡɪɵɜɨ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɮɢ ɥɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɸɱɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɢɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ
ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ȽɈɋɌ ɢ ɇɉȻ ɩɨ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɬɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɨɹ ɧɢɸ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ
ɧɚ ɝɚɡɵ ± ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɋ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɉɚ ɚɬɦ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬɤɉɚ ɚɬɦ
ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ± ɬɨ ɠɟ ɧɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɤɉɚ ɚɬɦ Ʉ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɹɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ɩɥɚɜɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭ ɪɚ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɩɥɟɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɋ
ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ± ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɢɯ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɩɥɟɩɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɲɟ ɋ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɚɡɟɥɢɧ ± ɋ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɚ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɢ ɬ ɩ
ɩɵɥɢ ± ɞɢɫɩɟɪɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɥɶɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɫ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɦɤɦ ɦɦ
Ɍɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ Ƚɨɪɟɧɢɟ ± ɫɥɨɠɧɨɟ ɛɵɫɬɪɨɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ
ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɨɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɫɜɟɬɚ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɝɨɪɚɧɢɹ Ⱦɥɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨ ɞɢɦɵ ɬɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɝɨɪɸɱɟɝɨ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɢɦ ɩɭɥɶɫɚ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɢ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɧɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ
Ƚɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ± ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɢɯ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɟ ɤ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ Ɍɚɤɢɦɢ ɜɟɳɟ ɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɪɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧ ɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɨɤɫɢɞ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢ ɧɚ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɞɪ
Ɉɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɚɡɨɬɧɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɯɥɨɪ ɩɟɪɨɤɫɢɞ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɛɟɪɬɨɥɟɬɨɜɚ ɫɨɥɶ ɢ ɞɪ
Ƚɨɪɸɱɟɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬ ɝɨɪɸɱɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɚ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵ ɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
ɂɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɢ ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɵ ɢ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɢɫɤɪɨɜɵɦɢ Ɍɟɩɥɨɜɵɦɢ
ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɣ ɨɝɨɧɶ ɪɚɫɤɚɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɡɨɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ Ʉ ɢɫɤɪɨɜɵɦ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɚɦ ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɢɫɤɪɵ ɭɞɚɪɚ ɢ ɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɫ ɤɪɵ ɢ ɞɭɝɢ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɢ
ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɩɨɠɚɪɚ ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɬɨɱɧɟɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚ ɳɢɣɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɉɪɢ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɧɢɠɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɧ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɝɨɪɟɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɧ ± ɚɰɟɬɢ ɥɟɧ ɷɬɢɥɟɧ ɜɨɞɨɪɨɞ
ȼɡɪɵɜ ± ɛɵɫɬɪɨɟ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɜɵ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɠɚɬɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨ ɞɢɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ȼɡɪɵɜ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɪɨɫɬɭ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɭɞɚɪ ɧɚɹ ɜɨɥɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɮɪɨɧɬɨɦ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɫɨ ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɦ ɫ ɉɪɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɟ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɚɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɷɧɟɪ ɝɢɸ ɧɚɝɪɟɬɵɯ ɫɠɚɬɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɸ ɞɜɢɠɟ ɧɢɹ ɫɠɚɬɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɨɝɪɟɜɚ ɫɪɟɞɵ
ȼ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɨ ɩɨɠɚɪɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɬɨ ɪɵɯ ɩɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɨ ɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɉɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ Ⱥ Ȼ ȼ ±ȼ Ƚ Ⱦ Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟ ɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɨɬ ɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɚɛɥ
Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɧɨ ɫɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɹ ɬɢɣ ɢ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɫɬɚɞɢɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɢ ɜɟɞɨɦɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɵɦɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢ ɹɦ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ ɨɬ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ Ⱥ ɤ ɧɢɡɲɟɣ Ⱦ
|
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 6.1 |
|
Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɨɠɚɪɧɨɣ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ |
||
|
|
|
Ʉɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ |
ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ |
|
|
ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɳɢɯɫɹ |
|
|
ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ |
|
Ⱥ ± ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɨɨɩɚɫɧɚɹ |
Ƚɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɠɢɞɤɨ |
|
|
ɫɬɢ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɢ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɋ ɜ |
|
|
ɬɚɤɨɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɱɬɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɡɪɵ |
|
|
ɜɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɨɝɚɡɨɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɫ |
|
|
ɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɢɡ |
|
|
ɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟ |
|
|
ɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɟ ɤɉɚ ȼɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɫɩɨ |
|
|
ɫɨɛɧɵɟ ɜɡɪɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɝɨɪɟɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ |
|
|
ɫ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɜ |
|
|
ɬɚɤɨɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɱɬɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɟ |
|
|
ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ |
|
|
ɤɉɚ |
|
Ȼ ± ɜɡɪɵɜɨɩɨɠɚɪɨɨɩɚɫɧɚɹ |
Ƚɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɩɵɥɢ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ ɥɟɝɤɨɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɹ |
|
|
ɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɜɫɩɵɲɤɢ ɛɨ |
|
|
ɥɟɟ ɋ ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟ |
|
|
ɫɬɜɟ ɱɬɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ |
|
|
ɩɵɥɟɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɚɪɨɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɩɪɢ |
|
|
ɜɨɫɩɥɚɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɟ |
|
|
ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɜ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɟ |
|
|
ɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɟ ɤɉɚ |
|
ȼ ±ȼ ± ɩɨɠɚɪɨɨɩɚɫɧɵɟ |
Ƚɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɢ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ |
|
|
ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɢ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚ |
|
|
ɥɵ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɵɥɢ ɢ ɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ |
|
|
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ |
|
|
ɜɨɞɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ |
|
|
ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɝɨɪɟɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ |
|
|
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɧɢ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɸɬ |
|
|
ɫɹ ɧɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɦ Ⱥ ɢɥɢ Ȼ |
|
Ƚ |
ɇɟɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɦ |
|
|
ɪɚɫɤɚɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɫɩɥɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ |
|
|
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ |
|
|
ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɥɭɱɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɬɟɩɥɚ ɢɫɤɪ ɢ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ |
|
|
ɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ |
|
|
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɠɢɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟ |
|
|
ɫɬɜɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ |
|
Ⱦ |
ɇɟɝɨɪɸɱɢɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɦ |
|
|
ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ |
|
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ Ɋɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ ȼ ±ȼ ɪɟɝɥɚɦɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ