Нормальная физиология. В 3 частях. Ч.2. Система крови, кровеносная и лимфатическая системы, дыхательная система. Учебное пособие

3.4.4. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɥɟɝ ɤɢɯ ɜ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɢɥɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɶ ɜɯɨɞɢɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɗɬɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɧɟɜɦɨ ɬɨɪɚɤɫɨɦ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɫɠɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɲɟɞɲɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɚɤɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɟ ɞɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥ ɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɉɪɢ ɨɞɧɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɦ ɩɧɟɜɦɨɬɨɪɚɤɫɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞ ɧɢɦɥɟɝɤɢɦɧɚɧɟɩɨɜɪɟɠɞɟɧɧɨɣɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸɩɨɬɪɟɛ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ Ⱦɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɢɣ ɩɧɟɜɦɨɬɨɪɚɤɫ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɦ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɨɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɠɢɡɧɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹ ɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ

Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɝɟɦɨɞɢɧɚ ɦɢɤɟ. ɇɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɤ ɫɟɪɞɰɭ ɛɥɚɝɨɩɪɢɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɸ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɦɮɵ ɤ ɫɟɪɞɰɭ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɤɚ ɩɨ ɩɢɳɟɜɨɞɭ.

3.5. ɅȿȽɈɑɇȺə ȼȿɇɌɂɅəɐɂə

Ʌɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɟɣ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɟ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɨɣ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɜɢɠɟ ɧɢɣ ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣɥɟɝɤɢɟɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɵɦɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɉɨ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɪɟ ɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɭɞɢɬɶ ɨɛ ɚɤɬɢɜ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ

3.5.1. Ʌɟɝɨɱɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɵ

Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɹɯ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɤɚ ɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɚɧɬɪɨɩɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɯɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɢɞɵ ɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ

111

Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ȾɈ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɬ ɢ ɜɵɞɵɯɚɟɬ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɩɪɢɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɦɞɵɯɚɧɢɢ ɍɜɡɪɨɫɥɨɝɨɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɝɨɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚȾɈɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɦɥ ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ȾɈ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɥɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɭɫ ɥɨɜɢɣ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɩɨɤɨɹ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɟ Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɵɣɨ ɛɴɟɦ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɹɬɢ ɲɟɫɬɢ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɵɯ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ

Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɊɈɜɞ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧɜɞɨɯɧɭɬɶɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɣɩɨɫɥɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɝɨɜɞɨɯɚ ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɊɈɜɞɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɥ

Ɋɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɊɈɜɵɞ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɨɬɨ ɪɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɜɵɞɨɯɧɭɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɊɈɜɵɞ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɥ ɗɬɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨ ɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɟɦ ɜ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɠɢɪɟɧɢɢ

Ɉɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɈɈ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɩɨ ɫɥɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ȿɝɨ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɥ

ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɤɥɢɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ

3.5.2. Ʌɟɝɨɱɧɵɟ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ

ɀɢɡɧɟɧɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɀȿɅ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɍ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɀȿɅ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɥ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ Ʉ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦ ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɦ ɧɚ ɀȿɅ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɪɨɫɬ ɢ ɪɚɡ ɦɟɪɵ ɬɟɥɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɀȿɅ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬ ɫ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɨɦ ɀȿɅ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚ ɟɬɫɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɭɦɚ ɤ ɝɨɞɚɦ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨɣ ɭɬɪɚɬɵ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɥɵ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ 3) ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɟɥɚ ɀȿɅ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɟ ɢɡ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɝɨɪɢ ɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɟɦ ɩɢɳɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɢɟɦɚ ɩɢɳɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɛɨɥɶ ɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɀȿɅ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɀȿɅ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɛɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ;ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɀȿɅ

ɀɢɡɧɟɧɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɮɢɡɢ ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɉɪɢ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɨ-ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɬɭ ɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɟ ɛɪɨɧɯɢɬɟ ɩɥɟɜɪɢɬɟ ɩɧɟɜɦɨɧɢɢ ɢ ɞɪ ɀȿɅ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɀȿɅ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚ ɱɟɧɢɹ

112

Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɞɨɯɚ ȿɜɞ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɫɭɦɦɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɢ ɪɟɡɟɪɜ ɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɍ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚȿɜɞɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɥ

Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ȿɜɵɞ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɫɭɦɦɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɢ ɪɟ ɡɟɪɜɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɥ

Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɎɈȿ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɥɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɝɨɜɵɞɨɯɚ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹɟɦɤɨɫɬɶɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɭɦɦɨɣ ɪɟɡɟɪɜɧɨɝɨɨɛɴɟɦɚɜɵɞɨɯɚɢɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɇɚɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭɎɈȿɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɸɬɭɪɨɜɟɧɶɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɢɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɬɟɥɚɜɩɪɨ ɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɎɈȿ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɜ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɞɹ ɢ ɫɬɨɹ Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɠɢɪɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ

Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɈȿɅ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ ɜɞɨɯɚ Ɉɛɳɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɫɩɨɫɨ ɛɚɦɢ ɈȿɅ ɈɈ ɀȿɅ ɢɥɢ ɎɈȿ ȿɜɞ

ɍ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɵ ɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɸ ɫɨ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɦɢ ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɢ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɭɫɤɭɥɚɬɭɪɵ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɬɨɤɭ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɦɚɥɵɦ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨ ɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɍ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɀȿɅ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɟɥɢɤɚ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɞɚɬɥɢɜɨɫɬɶɸ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ

ɉɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɫɟ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɧɢɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɚɬɨ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɯ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɢɯ ɤ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ʉ ɧɢɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɧɟɣɪɨɦɵɲɟɱɧɵɟ ɡɚɛɨɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɧɟɡɚ ɛɨɥɟɡɧɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɩɨɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɟɜɪɵ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɡɚɛɨ ɥɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɱɢɫɥɚɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɯɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɚɬɟɥɟɤɬɚɡ ɪɭɛɰɨɜɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɢ ɞɪ

Ⱦɥɹ ɫɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ɢ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ ɬɟɥɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɞɨɥ ɠɟɧ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɗɬɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɵɦ ɢ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ %736 ERG\ WHPSHUDWXUH

pressure, saturated).

113

3.5.3. Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ

Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɭɦɟɠɞɭɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɦɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦɢɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣɫɪɟɞɨɣɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɩɪɟ ɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɦ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ

ɋɨɫɬɚɜ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ

1)ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ

2)ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɦ ɩɭɬɹɦ ɨɬ ɱɢ ɫɬɨ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ

3)ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɜɟɧ ɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɢ ɩɟɪɮɭɡɢɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ

Ⱥɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɦɟɪɬɜɵɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɦ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɹ ɳɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɧɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɟ ɗɬɨ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɬɪɚɯɟɹ ɛɪɨɧɯɢ ɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɛɪɨɧɯɢɨɥɵ ȼ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɦ

ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟ ɠɞɚɟɬɜɵɫɭɲɢɜɚɧɢɟɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨ-ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɵɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟ ɫɤɨɟ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɦɥ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɦɥɧɚ ɤɝɦɚɫɫɵɬɟɥɚ ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨɪɹɞɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜɦɨɠɟɬɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶɨɛɴɟɦ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɫɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸ ɳɚɹ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɟ ɞɥɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɪɢɬɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɪɞɰɚ ɢ ɩɭɥɶɫɚɰɢɹ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɬɨɧɭɫɚ ɝɥɚɞɤɢɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɛɪɨɧɯɨɜ

Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɟ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ. ȼ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɦ ɥɟɝɤɨɦ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɤɨ ɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɤɢ ɢ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɥ ɝɤɢɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɮɭɡɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ Ɉɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚ ɳɢɣɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɩɟɪɮɭɡɢɪɭɟɦɵɯ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɦɟɪɬɜɵɦ ɩɪɨ ɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɦ ȼ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɟ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɟ ɩɪɨ ɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɛɪɨɫɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɜ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɚɥɨɦ ɤɪɭɝɟ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɫɥɭ ɱɚɟ ɚɧɟɦɢɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɷɦɛɨɥɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɷɦɮɢɡɟɦɟ ȼ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɡɨɧɚɯ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɧɟ ɩɪɨ ɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ

ɋɭɦɦɚ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɪɬɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɟɪɬɜɵɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨɦ

114

ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɝɨ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɦ ɦɥ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨɦɥ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ Ɉɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɥ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪ ɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ

Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫ ɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɜ ɜɟ ɧɨɡɧɭɸ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɛɨɝɚɬɚɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɦ ɝɚɡɨɦ ɜɟɧɨɡ ɧɚɹ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɧɚɫɵɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɢ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɫ ɦɚɥɵɦ ɫɨ ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨɝɚɡɚ Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɦɢɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸɢɞɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨ ɹɧɧɨ ɧɨ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɫɢɫɬɨɥɵ ɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɤɚ ɟɝɨ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ

Ƚɚɡɵ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɢɜɵɞɵɯɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡ ɞɭɯɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɹɳɟɟɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɸ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɧɨɦ ɫɦɟɫɶɸ Ɉ2 ɋɈ2 ɢ 12 ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨɞɹɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ ɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ

Ⱦɜɢɠɭɳɟɣɫɢɥɨɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɣɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɜɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɪɚɡ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ SɈ2 ɢ SɋɈ2 ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹ ɠɟɧɢɣ ɷɬɢɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ

Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɭɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸ ɡɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ȺȼɅ f î ȾɈ Ɇɉ ɝɞɟ f ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɢɧ ȾɈ ɞɵɯɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ Ɇɉ ɦɟɪɬɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɦɥ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɦɥ ȼɟ ɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɬɟɦ ɧɢɠɟ ɱɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ

Ɇɢɧɭɬɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɆɈȾ ɷɬɨ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɡɚ ɦɢɧɭɬɭ ɍ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɩɨɤɨɟ ɆɈȾ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ

ɥɹɟɬ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɥ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɆɈȾ ɑȾȾ ɡɚ ɦɢɧ î ȾɈ

Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɆȼɅ ɷɬɨ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɢɬ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɡɚ ɦɢɧɭɬɭ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɢ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬɜɨɜɪɟɦɹɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɩɪɢɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɦɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɝɢɩɟɪɤɚɩ ɧɢɢ ɜɨ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ɉɪɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɥɟɝ ɤɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɬɶ ɞɨ ɜ ɦɢɧ ɚ ȾɈ ɞɨ ɥ ȼ ɷɬɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɆɈȾ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɬɶ ɞɨ ɥ ɦɢɧ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɸ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɝɢɩɟɪ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɧɟɣ ɧɟɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ

115

3.5.4. Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ

Ɉɬ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɚ ɡɨɜ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ ɉɪɢ ɟɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɝɢɩɟɪɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɉɪɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɥ ɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɝɢɩɨɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɋɭɳɟ ɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɵɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵɜɩɪɢ ɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨ ɥɹɪɧɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ɢ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɡɧɚ ɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɱɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɪɢɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɤ ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɚ ɭɝɥɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ

Ⱥɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɟɥɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦ2 ɱɬɨ ɨɛɟɫ ɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ Ɍɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɤɦ Ɉɧ ɥɟɝɤɨ ɩɪɨɧɢɰɚɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɵ ɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɝɚɡɨɜ Ⱦɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɵɣɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬɢɡɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɹ ɢɧ ɬɟɪɫɬɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɵ ɷɧɞɨɬɟɥɢɹ ɤɚ ɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɵ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɵ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɨɜ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɢɡ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ Ⱦɢɮɮɭɡɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɢɡ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɢɡ ɨɬɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɬ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɞɨ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ

ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɬɪɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯɝɚɡɨ ɨɛɦɟɧ

1)ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹ

2)ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɨɜɨɬɨɤɚ

3)ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ

ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨɷɬɢɮɚɤɬɨɪɵɦɨɝɭɬɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹɜɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢɨɬ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯɞɨɥɟɣ ȼɟɪɯɭɲɤɢɥɟɝɤɢɯɯɭɠɟɜɟɧɬɢɥɢɪɭɸɬɫɹɢɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɱɚɳɟ ɩɨɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɭɛɟɪɤɭɥɟɡɨɦ ȼ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɭ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɭɱɚɫɬɤɢɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɗɬɨɬɮɚɤɬɨɱɟɧɶɜɚɠɟɧ ɬɚɤɤɚɤ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɚɬɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɡ ɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɝɤɨɝɨ

116

ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɨɜɨɬɨɤɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɨɜɟɧɨɡɧɵɟ ɲɭɧɬɵ ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɚɹ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɦɢɧɭɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɹɜ ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɦ ɜɧɟɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɦ ɧɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ

3.6. ɌɊȺɇɋɉɈɊɌ ȽȺɁɈȼ ɄɊɈȼɖɘ

3.6.1. Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ

ɂɡɤɪɨɜɢ ɨɛɨɝɚɳɟɧɧɨɣɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹɤɨɪɝɚɧɚɦ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɹɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɮɨɪɦɚɯ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ Ɏɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ. Ʉɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜɫɟ ɝɚɡɵ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ Ⱦɨɥɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɜɟɥɢɤɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɦɥ ɧɚ ɦɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɗɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɹɯ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɢɞɟɬ ɫ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟɦ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ Ȼɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɟɞɢ ɧɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ. Ɉɞɢɧ ɦɨɥɶ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɞɨ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɦɨ ɥɟɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɝ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɫɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɦɥ ɤɢɫɥɨ ɪɨɞɚ Ʉɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɷɬɨ ɬɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɫɨ ɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɍɱɢɬɵɜɚɹ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɟ ɜ ɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɝ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ +E ɬɨɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɜ ɥɤɪɨɜɢɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹɨɤɨɥɨ ɥɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɋɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɜɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɡ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨ ɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɬ ɨɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɋɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨ ɛɢɧɚ ɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɬ ɤɪɢɜɚɹ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨ ɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɑɟɦ ɨɧɨ ɜɵɲɟ ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɉɪɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɟɫɶ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ Ɍɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɤɪɢɜɚɹ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɝɢɩɟɪɛɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɪɹɞɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ Ʉɪɢɜɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɞɜɢɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɫɢ ɚɛɫɰɢɫɫ ɜɩɪɚɜɨ ɢɥɢ ɜɥɟɜɨ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɨɩɭɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɢ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɪɇ ɷɮ ɮɟɤɬ Ȼɨɪɚ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɪɢɜɚɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ 6-ɨɛɪɚɡɧɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɗɮɮɟɤɬ Ȼɨɪɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ

117

ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɉɪɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɬɤɚ ɧɹɯɤɪɢɜɚɹɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚɫɞɜɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɩɪɚɜɨ ɱɬɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɬ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɨɬɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɬɤɚɧɹɦ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚ ɦɵɦ ɜɵɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɟɟ ɢɡɛɵɬɤɚ ɢɡ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɉɪɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɝɢɩɨɤɚɩ ɧɢɢ ɢɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɢS+ɤɪɨɜɢɜɳɟɥɨɱɧɭɸɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɩɪɢɚɥɤɨɥɨɡɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬɫɞɜɢɝ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜɥɟɜɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɧɨɫɬɢɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚɨɬɞɚɜɚɬɶɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɬɤɚɧɹɦɢɡɚɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɬɶɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɭɞɥɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɟɟ ɤ ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɋɞɜɢɝɢ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɧɚɝɥɹɞɧɨ ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɬ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɶ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ

Ʉɪɢɜɚɹ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɚɠɧɨɟ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟ ɧɢɟ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɧɢɡɤɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɥɟɠɚɳɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ

ɗɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚɤɬɤɚɧɹɦɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹɫɥɟɞɭɸ ɳɢɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɜɲɟɝɨɫɹ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɬɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɬɤɚɧɹɦ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɪɚɫ ɩɚɞɚ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɤ ɬɤɚɧɹɦ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ 6-ɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɤɪɢɜɨɣ ɞɢɫɫɨɰɢɚ ɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɤɪɢɜɚɹ ɛɥɢɡɤɚ ɤ ɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɢɸ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɢɡɤɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟ ɧɢɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɬɤɚɧɹɯ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɨɬɞɚɧɬ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ

3.6.2. Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ

ɍɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɤɚɧɹɯ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɫ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɤ ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɜɵɞɵɯɚɟɦɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ

ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɢɡ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸ ɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɇɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɯ ɬɤɚ ɧɟɣ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ȼ ɩɪɢɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɨ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɭ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɵ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛ ɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɉɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɢ ɜ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɉɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɝɨ ɩɚɪɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ

118

Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ Ɉɧɚ ɬɪɚɧɫ ɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɛɢɤɚɪ ɛɨɧɚɬɨɜ ɤɢɫɥɵɯ ɫɨɥɟɣ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɂɡ ɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɜɵɲɟ ɱɟɦ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɥɢɲɶ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɨɬ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ ɠɟ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢɜɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɚɯɜɜɢɞɟɫɨɥɟɣɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɚɬɚɤɠɟɜɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɦɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨ ɛɢɧɚ Ɉɤɨɥɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɜ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɚɯ

Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɋɈ2 ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟ ɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪ ɧɧɨɣ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɥ ɦɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɪɚɡ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɤɨ ɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɋɈ2 ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɜɵɲɟ

Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɋɈ2 ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɍɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɹ ɜ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɛɟɥ ɤɨɜɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɤɚɪɛɨɚɦɢɧɨɜɭɸ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ȿɝɨ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɞɨɫɬɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɜɟɥɢɤɚ Ɉɤɨɥɨ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨɝɚɡɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨɫɹɜɤɪɨɜɢɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ȼ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɩɪɢɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ Ƚɟ ɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɜɫɬɭɩɚɹ ɜ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɫ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɚɦɢ ɜɵɬɟɫɧɹɟɬ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɢɫ ɥɨɬɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɹɟɬɫɹɤɚɪɛɨɚɧɝɢɞɪɚɡɨɣɧɚɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣɝɚɡɢ ɜɨɞɭ ɍɝɥɟɤɢɫ ɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɞɢɮɮɭɧɞɢɪɭɟɬ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɭ ɥ ɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɚɥɶ ɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɍɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ ɥ ɝɤɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɫ ɨɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫ ɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ

Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɨɣ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨ ɧɚɬɵ ɤɢɫɥɵɟ ɫɨɥɢ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɍɝɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɷɪɢɬ ɪɨɰɢɬɚɯ ɢɡ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣɫɹ ɜ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɚɯ ɮɟɪɦɟɧɬ ɤɚɪɛɚɧɝɢɞɪɚɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɤɚɬɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɫɤɨɪɹɸ ɳɢɦ ɪɚɫɳɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɯ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ȼ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹ ɪɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɢ ɤɚɪɛɚɧɝɢɞɪɚɡɵ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɜ ɷɪɢɬɪɨ ɰɢɬɚɯ ɩɪɢɱ ɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɪɛɚɧɝɢɞɪɚɡɵ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɟɥɢɤɚ ɱɬɨ ɫɢɧɬɟɡ ɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ɭɫɤɨɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɜ ɞɟɫɹɬɶɬɵɫɹɱ ɪɚɡ ɍɝɨɥɶɧɚɹɤɢɫ ɥɨɬɚ ɨɬɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɚ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ

119

ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬɫɹɫɨɥɢɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣɤɢɫɥɨɬɵ ȼɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɚɯɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɤɚɥɢɹ ɚ ɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɟ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɜ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɬɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɨ ɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɛɢɤɚɪ ɛɨɧɚɬɨɜ ɜ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɚɯ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɟ %).

ɍɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɨɜ ɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɨɟɞɢ ɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɫɧɵɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɹɦɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɢ ɫɬɟɦɚɦɢ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɨɪ ɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɢ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɡ ɧɢɯ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ

3.7. ɊȿȽɍɅəɐɂə ȾɕɏȺɇɂə

ɇɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɷɬɚɩɚɯ ɠɢɡɧɟɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭ ɥɹɰɢɹ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟ ɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɚɰɢɸ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɫɬɜɚ ɜɧɭɬ ɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ

3.7.1. Ɏɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ

Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɷɬɨ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɨɜ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɯ ɐɇɋ ɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɪɢɫɩɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɹ ɸɳɢɦɫɹ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ

ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɢɣ ɭɱɟɧɵɣ Ʌɟɝɚɥɥɭɚ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɥ ɱɬɨ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɩɪɨɞɨɥɝɨɜɚɬɨɦɦɨɡɝɟ ɬɚɤɤɚɤɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɢɦɟɧɧɨɷɬɨɝɨɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɇ Ɏɥɭɪɚɧɫɚ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɝɥɚɜɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɝɨɜɚɬɨɦ ɦɨɡɝɟ Ɉɧ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɥ ɱɬɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɞɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥ ɝɨɜɚɬɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɜ ɭɝɥɭ ɪɨɦɛɨɜɢɞɧɨɣ ɹɦɤɢ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɩɨɥɧɨɣ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ȼɚɠɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɷɤɫɩɟ ɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɚ ɇ Ⱥ Ɇɢɫɥɚɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɜɝɨɞɭɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥ ɱɬɨɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣɰɟɧɬɪɭɦɥɟɤɨɩɢɬɚɸɳɢɯɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹɜɩɪɨ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɚɬɨɦ ɦɨɡɝɟ ɧɚ ɞɧɟ ,9 ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɤɚ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɪɟɬɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ Ɉɧ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɥ ɱɬɨ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɟɧɬɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɚɪɧɨɟ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨ ɪɚɫ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɢɪɚ ɬɨɪɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɢ

120