Нормальная физиология. В 3 частях. Ч.2. Система крови, кровеносная и лимфатическая системы, дыхательная система. Учебное пособие

2.9.7. Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ

Ʌɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬɬɨɤ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ ɨɬ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɥɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ

1)ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ

2)ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬ ɛɟɥɤɚ ɢɡ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɶ

3)ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɝɢɞɪɨɥɢɡɚ ɩɢɳɢ ɜ ɫɨɫɭɞɢɫɬɨɟ ɪɭɫɥɨ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɨɬ ɠɟɥɭɞɨɱɧɨ-ɤɢɲɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɪɚɤɬɚ

4)ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɢɦɦɭɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ

5)ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ

6)ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɝɭɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɤɚɧɹɦɢ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ

101

ȽɅȺȼȺ 3 ɎɂɁɂɈɅɈȽɂə ȾɕɏȺɇɂə

3.1. ɋɍɓɇɈɋɌɖ ɂ ɁɇȺɑȿɇɂȿ ȾɕɏȺɇɂə

Ⱦɵɯɚɧɢɟ – ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɢ ɭɬɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɜɭɨɤɢɫɢ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ Ⱦɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɹɜ ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɷɜɨɥɸɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɞɪɟɜɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɠɢ ɜɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɋɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɝɟɧɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨ ɫɬɚɜɚ ɤɪɨɜɢ Ʉɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɢɜɲɢɣ ɜ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢ ɤɨɦ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɪɨɫɬɚ ɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɗɧɟɪɝɢɹ ɨɫɜɨ ɛɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɤɢɫɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɛɟɥɤɨɜ ɠɢɪɨɜ ɭɝɥɟɜɨɞɨɜ Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɡɚɤɥɸ ɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɨɤɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ-ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ

3.2. Ɂȼȿɇɖə ȾɕɏȺɌȿɅɖɇɈȽɈ ɉɊɈɐȿɋɋȺ

ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɡɜɟɧɶɹ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ

1)ɜɧɟɲɧɟɟ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ – ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɞɜɭɨɤɢɫɢ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɨɣ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɜɟɧɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵ ɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɞɜɚ ɷɬɚɩɚ: ɚ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɦ ɢ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɚɹ ©ɥɟɝɨɱɧɚɹ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɹª ɛ ɨɛɦɟɧ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ

2)ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ

3)ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟɦɨɠɧɨɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶɜɜɢɞɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ: ɚ ɨɛɦɟɧ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟ ɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɹɦɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɛ ɬɤɚɧɟɜɨɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɤɢɫ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɢɬɨɯɨɧɞɪɢɹɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɩɹɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɢɡɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɭɪɫɟ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɚ ɩɹɬɵɣ – ɜ ɤɭɪɫɟ ɛɢɨ ɯɢɦɢɢ

102

ȼɧɟɲɧɟɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɫ ɜɨɡɞɭ ɯɨɦ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɥɟɝɤɢɦɢ Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɱɟɪɟɡɤɨɠɭɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹɫɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢɤɨɠɢɭɝɥɟɤɢɫ ɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɠɟɣ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɑɟɪɟɡ ɤɨɠɭ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɬɫɹ % ɜɫɟɝɨ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɭɨɤɢɫɢ ɭɝɥɟɪɨɞɚ ɉɪɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɚɤ ɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɤɨɠɭ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ

ȼ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɢ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɗɬɨ ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɜɨ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɨɦ ɢ ɜɵɞɵɯɚɟɦɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɟ ȼɞɵɯɚɟɦɵɣ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ 20,94 ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɚɡɨɬɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ ȼɵɞɵ ɯɚɟɦɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɚɡɨɬɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɝɚɡɵ Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɵɦ ɢ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪ ɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɭ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɨɛɨɝɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɨɦ ɢ ɨɬɞɚɟɬ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ Ⱦɨɤɚɡɚ ɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɜ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɨ ɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɟɣ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɢ ɨɬɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɬ ɧɢɯ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟ ɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɇɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ

ȼɬɨɪɵɦɡɜɟɧɨɦɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɝɚɡɨɜɤɪɨɜɶɸ. Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɝɚɡɵ ɩɨ ɫɨɫɭɞɚɦ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ Ʉɢɫɥɨ ɪɨɞ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɚɪɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɦɨɝɥɨ ɛɢɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɨɤɫɢɝɟɧɚɰɢɢ Ʉɚɠɞɵɟ ɦɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɹɬ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɦɥ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɪɨɜɢ Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɤɢɫ ɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭ ɱɚɟ ɤɚɠɞɵɟ ɦɥ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬ ɦɥ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɍɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɬɪɚɧɫ ɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ Ɍɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɨɫɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɨɜ ɤɚɥɢɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɷɪɢɬɪɨɰɢɬɨɜ ɢ ɛɢɤɚɪɛɨɧɚɬɨɜ ɧɚɬɪɢɹ ɜ ɩɥɚɡɦɟ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɍɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɵɣ ɝɚɡ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧɨɦ ɤɚɪɛɝɟɦɨɝɥɨɛɢɧ ɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ.

Ɍɪɟɬɶɢɦ ɡɜɟɧɨɦ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɟ. ȿɝɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɚɡɨɜ ɜ ɚɪɬɟɪɢ ɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɟɧɨɡɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ȼ ɦɥ ɚɪ ɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɦɥ ɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɦɥ ȼɟɧɨɡɧɚɹ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɨɤɨɥɨ ɦɥ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɚ ɚ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɦɥ

103

ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬ ɢɡ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟ ɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɢ ɬɤɚɧɟɣ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɭɝɥɟɤɢɫɥɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɦ ɦɟɬɚɛɨɥɢɡɦɚ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ

3.3. ȺɉɉȺɊȺɌ ȼɇȿɒɇȿȽɈ ȾɕɏȺɇɂə ɂ ȻɂɈɆȿɏȺɇɂɄȺ ȾɕɏȺɌȿɅɖɇɕɏ ȾȼɂɀȿɇɂɃ

Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɩɟɪɜɨɟ ɡɜɟɧɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɢ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɤɚ ɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ Ⱥɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɜ ɞɵɯɚ ɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬ ɧɨɫɨɜɭɸ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɪɬɚɧɶ ɬɪɚɯɟɸ ɛɪɨɧɯɢ ɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ Ⱥɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ; 2) ɥɟɝɤɢɟ; 3) ɝɪɭɞɧɚɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɚ ɫ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɦɵɲɰɚɦɢ.

3.3.1. ȼɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ

ȼɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɢɠ ɧɢɟ Ɋɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɢɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟɣ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɝɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɹ ɳɟɥɶ ȼɟɪɯɧɢɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɹ ɧɨɫɨɜɵɟ ɯɨɞɵ ɧɨɫɨɝɥɨɬɤɭ ɜɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɝɨɪɬɚɧɢ ɞɨ ɝɨ ɥɨɫɨɜɨɣɳɟɥɢ ɇɢɠɧɢɟɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɩɭɬɢɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɢɡɧɢɠɧɟɣɱɚɫɬɢɝɨɪɬɚɧɢ ɬɪɚ ɯɟɢ ɛɪɨɧɯɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɧɟ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɬ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɜɨɡɞɭɯɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɦɟɪɬɜɨɝɨɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ Ɉɧɢ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɪɹɞ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɯɪɹɳɟɜɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɢɯ ɫɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɝɥɚɞɤɢɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣ ɭɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɬɨɧɭɫ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ Ƚɥɚɞɤɢɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɢɧɧɟɪɜɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜɟɝɟɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢ ɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɉɪɢɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɢɫɢɦɩɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨɨɬɞɟɥɚɜɟɝɟɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣɧɟɪɜɧɨɣɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɩɚɪɚɫɢɦɩɚɬɢɱɟ ɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɚ ɜɟɝɟɬɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ – ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɍɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨ ɫɜɟɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɚ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ – ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɵ ɞɨɯɚ

ɋɥɢɡɢɫɬɚɹ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɚ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɟɥɟɡɢɫɬɵɯ ɤɥɟɬɨɤ ɩɪɨɞɭɰɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɜɨɣ ɫɟɤɪɟɬ ɜ ɢɯ ɩɪɨɫɜɟɬ ɗɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ

104

ɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɢɸ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɢɸ ɍɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɢɟ ɜɞɵɯɚɟ ɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɨɫɨɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɜɥɚɝɢ ɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɢɡ ɤɪɨɜɟɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɢɡ ɠɟɥɟɡ ɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɣ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ ɢ ɫɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɠɟɥɟɡ Ɉɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɯɨɪɨɲɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɦɟɪɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɹ ɛɪɨɧɯɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɢ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɨɬ ɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɹɡɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɚ ɩɨɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɪɟɫɧɢɱɤɢ ɱɬɨ ɭɯɭɞɲɚɟɬ ɢɯɪɚɛɨɬɭ ȼɩɨɥɨɫɬɢɧɨɫɚɭɞɚɥɹɟɬɫɹɞɨ ɦɟɥɤɢɯɱɚɫɬɢɰɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦɞɨ ɦɤɦ Ȼɨɥɟɟɦɟɥɤɢɟɱɚɫɬɢɰɵ ɞɨ ɦɤɦ ɨɫɟɞɚɸɬɧɚɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɣɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɟɧɨɫɚ ɋɨɫɥɢɡɶɸ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɦɟɪɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɰɵ ɩɟɪɟɞɜɢɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɤ ɝɥɨɬɤɟ ɢ ɜɵɜɨ ɞɹɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɜ ɩɢɳɟɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɪɚɤɬ ɋɥɢɡɢɫɬɨɝɨ ɫɟɤɪɟɬɚ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɪɚɯɟɟ ɢ ɛɪɨɧɯɚɯ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɦɥ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɉɨɩɚɜɲɢɟ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɱɚ ɫɬɢɰɵ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɪɚɧɫɰɢɬɨɡɭ ɬ ɟ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɬɢɰɢɣ ɢ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɚ ɸɬɫɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɦɢ ɦɨɧɨɰɢɬɚɪɧɨ-ɦɚɤɪɨɮɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɂɡ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɬɢɰɢɹ ɢɧɨɪɨɞ ɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢɰɵ ɩɨɩɚɞɚɸɬ ɜ ɥɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɥɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟ ɫɤɢɯ ɭɡɥɚɯ

Ɉɱɢɳɟɧɢɸɜɨɡɞɭɯɚɨɬɩɨɩɚɜɲɢɯɱɚɫɬɢɰɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɬɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɟɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɵ– ɤɚɲɟɥɶ ɢ ɱɢɯɚɧɢɟ

ɋɥɢɡɢɫɬɚɹ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɨɛɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɪɨɜɨɫɧɚɛ ɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɞɵɯɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɋɨɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɹɯ ɚ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ °ɋ Ɉɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɯ ɬɟɪɦɨɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɢɫɩɚɪɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɞɵ ɤɨɧɜɟɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɪɨɞɭɤ ɰɢɢ ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɣ ɬɪɨɣɧɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɧɟɪɜɚ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦɚɮɮɟɪɟɧɬɧɵɟɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɵɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɬɤɩɚɪɚɫɢɦɩɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɰɟɧɬɪɚɦɩɪɨ ɞɨɥɝɨɜɚɬɨɝɨ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɸ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɢ ɧɨɫɚ ɢ ɜɨɡ ɞɭɯ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɚɟɬɫɹ

ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɥɢɡɢɫɬɚɹ ɨɛɨɥɨɱɤɚ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ Ɋɚɡɞɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɯɚɧɨɪɟɰɟɩɬɨɪɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɞɢɬɤɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜ ɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɨɛɨɧɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɪɚɡ ɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɨɛɨɧɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɹɦ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹɦɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ

1)ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ

2)ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɝɪɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ;

3)ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɧɨɫɧɵɟ ɩɭɬɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɡɚɳɢɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɮɥɟɤɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɨɧɹɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɣ

105

3.3.2. Ʌɟɝɤɢɟ

ȼɬɨɪɵɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ Ɉɧɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɫɥɟɩɵɦɢ ɨɤɨɧɱɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɦɟɥɤɢɯ ɛɪɨɧɯɢɨɥ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɦɢ

ȼ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɚɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɢɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɦɫɹɜɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ɉɛɳɟɟɱɢɫɥɨɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨɦɥɧ ɚ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɢɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɦ2 Ⱦɢɚɦɟɬɪ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɪɚɜɟɧɦɤɦ ɋɬɟɧɤɚ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɵ ɜɵɫɬɥɚɧɚ ɨɞɧɨɫɥɨɣɧɵɦ ɩɥɨɫɤɢɦ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɟɦ Ⱥɥɶɜɟ ɨɥɵɨɩɥɟɬɟɧɵɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢɤɪɨɜɟɧɨɫɧɵɦɢɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɚɦɢ ɗɧɞɨɬɟɥɢɣɤɚɩɢɥ ɥɹɪɨɜ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɟɦ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦɚɷɪɨɝɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɦɤɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɝɚɡɨ ɨɛɦɟɧɭ ɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɞɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɨɜ. Ƚɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ Ⱦɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨ ɜɚɧɨɬɨɧɤɨɣɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨ-ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɨɣ Ɉɧɚɨɬɞɟɥɹɟɬɤɪɨɜɶɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɨɬ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɜɵɫɬɥɚɧɚ ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɩɥɟɧɤɨɣ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɟɧɤɚɦɢ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬɫɢɥɵɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɟɠɟɫɢɥɵɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬɜɤɚɠ ɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɪɚɡɞɟ ɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɚɷɪɨɝɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɨɦ

Ⱥɷɪɨɝɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɛɚɪɶɟɪ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫɭɪɮɚɤ ɬɚɧɬɚ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɨɝɨ ɷɩɢɬɟɥɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɵ ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɩɪɨ ɫɥɨɣɤɢ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɟɦɛɪɚɧɵ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɢ ɢɯ ɷɧɞɨɬɟɥɢɹ ɋɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɳɟɟ ɧɚ ɢɡ ɛɟɥɤɚ ɢ ɧɚ ɢɡ ɮɨɫɮɨɥɢɩɢɞɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɵɫɬɢɥɚɟɬ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɨɰɢɬɵ ɢɡɧɭɬɪɢ ɋɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ: 1) ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɬɹ ɠɟɧɢɟ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɢɯ ɢ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɹ ɢɯ ɫɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɢ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɧɚ ɜɞɨɯɟ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɟɬ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɞɨɨɬɬɚɥɤɢɜɚɸɳɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢɢɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɟɧɨɝɚɫɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɸɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɠɢɞ

ɤɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɚɧɬɢɛɚɤɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ.

ɋɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɦɫɟɤɪɟɰɢɢɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɨɰɢɬɨɜ -ɝɨɬɢɩɚ Ɉɧɜɡɚ ɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɚɦɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬ ɫɢɥɭ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɉɪɢ ɜɞɨɯɟ ɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵ ɫɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚ ɸɬɫɹ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɢɥɭ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɬɹɝɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚ

106

ɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɉɪɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɟ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɨɥɟɤɭɥɵɫɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬɚɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹɛɨɥɟɟɩɥɨɬɧɨ ɱɬɨɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɢɥɭ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɗɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹɬɹɝɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɯɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɋɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɭɠɟ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɟ ɷɦɛɪɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ȼɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɟɝɨ ɫɬɢɦɭ ɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɛɥɭɠɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɧɟɪɜɨɦ ɋɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɬɟɪɹɟɬ ɫɜɨɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ

3.3.3. Ƚɪɭɞɧɚɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɚ ɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ

Ɍɪɟɬɶɢɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɪɭɞɧɚɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɚɫɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢɦɵɲɰɚɦɢ Ɂɚɫɱɟɬɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯɦɵɲɰɢɡɦɟ ɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɛɴɟɦɵ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɉɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɮɚɡɚɦ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɷɤɫ ɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɟ (ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɉɪɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɂɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɦɵɲɰɚɦɢ ɹɜɥɹ ɸɬɫɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɚ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɟ ɦɟɠɪɟɛɟɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɦɟɠɯɪɹɳɟɜɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ

ɉɪɢ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɦ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɤɭɩɨɥɚ ɉɪɢ ɮɨɪɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɞɵ ɯɚɧɢɢɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɢɥɢɜɫɩɨɦɨɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɟɦɵɲɰɵ ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɟɜɢɞɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɥɟɫɬɧɢɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɝɪɭɞɢɧɨ-ɤɥɸɱɢɱɧɨ-ɫɨɫɰɟɜɢɞɧɵɟ Ɉɧɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɩɪɢ ɥɟɝɨɱɧɨɣ ɝɢɩɟɪɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɟɞɨ ɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɗɤɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɪɟɛɟɪɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɢ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɠɢɜɨɬɚ

Ʉɚɠɞɨɟ ɪɟɛɪɨ ɜɯɨɞɹɳɟɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨ ɜɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɜɨ ɤɪɭɝ ɨɫɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɞɜɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ – ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɬɟɥɨɦ ɢ ɩɨɩɟ ɪɟɱɧɵɦ ɨɬɪɨɫɬɤɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚ Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɵ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɡɚɞ ɧɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɇɢɠɧɢɟ ɨɬɞɟɥɵ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɢɦɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɋɨɤɪɚɳɚɹɫɶ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɟ ɦɟɠɪɟɛɟɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɦɟ ɠɯɪɹɳɟɜɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɪɟɛɪɚ ɚ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɧɚɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɪɟɛɪɚ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɸɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɦɟɠɪɟɛɟɪɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ

ȼɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɚ Ɉɧɚ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɤɭ ɩɨɥɚ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɧɨɝɨɜɫɬɨɪɨɧɭɝɪɭɞɧɨɣɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ȼɨɜɪɟɦɹɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɝɨɜɞɨɯɚɤɭɩɨɥ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ – ɫɦ ɉɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɦɵɲɟɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɬ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɬɪɢ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɪɟɛɪɚ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɝɥɭɛɨɤɨɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ

107

ɤɭɩɨɥ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɦɟɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɦ ȼ ɩɟɪɜɨɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɜ ɞɢɚ ɮɪɚɝɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɵɲɰɟ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɥɚ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɵɲɟɱɧɵɯ ɜɨ ɥɨɤɨɧ Ʉɭɩɨɥ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɩɥɚɜɧɨ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɜɟɪɯ ɱɟɦɭ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɷɥɚɫɬɢ ɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɬɹɝɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɛɪɸɲɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜ ɮɚɡɟ ɜɵ ɞɨɯɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɬ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɠɢɜɨɬɚ Ɂɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ –80 ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ

Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɤɥɸ ɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢɡ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɜ ɚɥɶɜɟ ɨɥɵ ɢ ɝɚɡɨɨɛɦɟɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪɧɵɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɶɸ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɨɜ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɤɪɭɝɚ ɤɪɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ

3.4. ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄȺ ȾɕɏȺɌȿɅɖɇɈȽɈ ɐɂɄɅȺ ɆȿɏȺɇɂɁɆ ȼȾɈɏȺ ɂ ȼɕȾɈɏȺ

3.4.1. Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ

Ⱦɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɰɢɤɥ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɮɚɡɵ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɮɚɡɵ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ (ɷɤɫɩɢɪɚɰɢɢ ȼ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɚɭɡɚ ɉɪɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɟ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ – ɜ ɦɢɧɭɬɭ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɨɬ ɞɨ ɫ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ – ɨɬ ɞɨ ɫ ɬ ɟ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɟ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɞɨɯɚ Ɏɚɡɵ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɉɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚɫɪɢɬɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɟɦɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦɨɛɴɟɦɚɝɪɭɞɧɨɣɤɥɟɬɤɢ Ɉɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɦɨɜ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬ ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɝɥɭɛɢɧɚ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ

ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ ɦɵɲɰ ȼɞɨɯɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹɫɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɢɧɫɩɢɪɚ ɬɨɪɧɵɯɦɵɲɰɩɨɞɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɨɜɢɡɐɇɋ ɉɪɢɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɢɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɪɟɛɪɚ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɨɫɢ ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɨɱɥɟ ɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɪɭɞɧɵɯ ɩɨɡɜɨɧɤɚɯ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɟɟ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɚɯ ɱɬɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢɯ ɥɭɱɲɟɣ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɫɪɚɜ ɧɟɧɢɸ ɫ ɜɟɪɯɭɲɤɚɦɢ ɥ ɝɤɢɯ Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɢɹ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟ ɧɢɢ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɭ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɭɠɱɢɧɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ – ɫɦ ɭ ɠɟɧɳɢɧɵ – 5– ɫɦ ɋɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɝɪɭɞ ɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɚ ɭɩɥɨɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɚ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɤɭɩɨɥ ɟɟ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɝɪɭɞɧɭɸ ɤɥɟɬɤɭ Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɛɪɸɲɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɣ

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ɬɢɩɵɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɦɬɢɩɟ– ɜɚɤɬɟɞɵɯɚɧɢɹɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɜɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɦɟɠ ɪ ɛɟɪɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɩɪɢ ɛɪɸɲɧɨɦ – ɦɵɲɰɵ ɞɢɚɮɪɚɝɦɵ ɩɪɢ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɦ – ɡɚɞɟɣ ɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɵ ɢ ɬɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɍ ɦɭɠɱɢɧ ɩɪɟɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɛɪɸɲɧɨɣ ɬɢɩ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɭ ɠɟɧ ɳɢɧ – ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ

3.4.2. Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ

Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɢ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ Ⱦɨɧɞɟɪɫɚ ɋɭɬɶ ɟɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɦɟɥ ɤɨɝɨ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɨɝɨ Ɍɪɚɯɟɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɨɣ ɉɪɢ ɩɨɬɹɝɢ ɜɚɧɢɢɡɚɧɢɬɤɭ ɩɪɢɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɭɸɤɪɟɡɢɧɨɜɨɦɭɞɧɭɫɬɟɤɥɹɧɧɨɝɨɫɨɫɭɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɦɥɟɝ ɤɨɝɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɗɬɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹ ɸɬɫɹ ɢɜɧɢɯɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɉɪɢɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɢɨɛɴɟɦɚɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɢɦɟɟɬɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɢɜɨɡɞɭɯɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɢɡɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɣɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɚɛɥɸ

ɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ȼ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɨɬ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɟ ɥɟɝ

ɤɢɟ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɠɚɬɢɸ ɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɬɢ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɜɨɤɪɭɝ ɤɨɪɧɹ ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ

ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɨɜ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɢɯ ɢɡ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɨɬ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɨɜ ɉɪɢ ɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɢɧ ɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɦɵɲɰ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɫɶ ɜ ɝɟɪɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɦ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨ ɪɚɫɬɹɝɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɫɜɨɣ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ Ƚɨɥɨɫɨɜɚɹ ɳɟɥɶ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɸ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɜ ɥ ɝɤɢɟ ɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ – ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɧɢɠɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ Ɂɚ ɫɱ ɬ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɢɡ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ

ȼɵɞɨɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɢɬ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ – ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɚɫɫɢɜɧɨɣ ɉɚɫɫɢɜɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬ ɧɚ ɫɦɟɧɭ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɜɞɨɯɭ ɉɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɩɭɥɶɫɨɜ ɨɬ ɢɧɫɩɢ ɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɨɜ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɧɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɪɚɫɫɥɚɛɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ Ⱥɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɵɞɨɯɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɜ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɷɤɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɵ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɂɦɩɭɥɶɫɵ ɨɬ ɷɤɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɯ ɧɟɣɪɨɧɨɜ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɤ ɷɤɫɩɢɪɚɬɨɪɧɵɦ ɦɵɲɰɚɦ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ – ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɢɡ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɪɟɞɭ

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3.4.3. Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ

ɉɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɳɟɥɶ – ɷɬɨ ɭɡɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɢɫɰɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɚɪɢ ɟɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɥɢɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɩɥɟɜɪɵ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɟ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɤɨɥɶɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɥɢɫɬɤɨɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɵ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɞɪɭɝ ɞɪɭɝɚ Ɉɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɳɟɥɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɨ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɧɢɠɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ – ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ Ⱦɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɳɟɥɢ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɮɚɡɵ ɞɵɯɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɰɢɤɥɚ ɉɪɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɜɞɨɯɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ – ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɧɢɠɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɚ ɩɪɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɜɵɞɨɯɟ – ɩɨɱɬɢ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɦɭ ɨɫɨ ɛɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɧɢɠɧɢɯ ɨɬɞɟɥɚɯ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɉɪɢɱɢɧɚɦɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɪɭɞɧɨɝɨɜɧɭɬɪɢɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɹɝɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ȼ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜɧɭɬɪɢɭɬɪɨɛ ɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɩɥɨɞɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɩɚɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɬ ɟ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɚɬɟɥɟɤɬɚɡɚ ȼ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɜɞɨɯɚ ɧɨɜɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɡɚ ɧɢɦɚɸɬɜɫɸɝɪɭɞɧɭɸɤɥɟɬɤɭ ɋɨɜɬɨɪɨɣɧɟɞɟɥɢɠɢɡɧɢɪɟɛɟɧɤɚɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹɧɟɪɚɜ ɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɪɨɫɬ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɨɣ ɤɥɟɬɤɢ ɝɪɭɞɧɚɹ ɤɥɟɬɤɚ ɨɩɟɪɟɠɚɟɬ ɪɨɫɬ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ʌɟɝɤɢɟ ɜ ɫɢɥɭ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɬɹɝɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɢ ɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹ ɞɨɝɧɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɦɟ ɪɚɦ ɝɪɭɞɧɭɸ ɤɥɟɬɤɭ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɢɫɰɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɚɪɢɟɬɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɥɢɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɩɥɟɜɪɵ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɵɦ ɧɢɠɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ

ɍ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɥɟɝɤɢɟ ɪɚɫɬɹɧɭɬɵ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴ ɟɦɚɢɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹɤɫɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɋɢɥɚ ɫɤɨɬɨɪɨɣɥɟɝɤɢɟɫɬɪɟɦɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɩɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɹɝɨɣ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ Ɉɧɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɤ ɤɨɪɧɸ ɥɟɝɤɨɝɨ ɗɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ – ɷɬɨ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟ ɪɚɫɬɹɠɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ȼɚɠɧɵɦ ɮɚɤ ɬɨɪɨɦ ɜ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɳɟɥɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɭɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɟ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɫɚɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɜɢɫɰɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ɩɚɪɢɟɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɟɜɪɨɣ ɜ ɥɢɦɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ Ɍɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɥɟɜɪɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɳɟɥɶ ɧɟ

ɫɨɨɛɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɨɣ ɬɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɟɣ ɧɢɠɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɜɟɥɢ ɱɢɧɭ ɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɹɝɢ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɩɪɢ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɦ ɜɞɨɯɟ – ɧɚ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɩɪɢ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɨɦ ɜɵɞɨɯɟ – ɧɚ ɦɦ ɪɬ ɫɬ ɗɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɬɹɝɭ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɷɥɚ ɫɬɢɧɨɜɵɟ ɢ ɤɨɥɥɚɝɟɧɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɥɨɤɧɚ ɝɥɚɞɤɢɟ ɦɵɲɰɵ ɫɨɫɭɞɨɜ ɥɟɝɤɢɯ ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɨ ɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɟɧɤɢ ɠɢɞɤɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɤɪɵɜɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯ ɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɋɢɥɵ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɚɥɶɜɟɨɥ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɜɟɥɢ ɱɢɧɵɷɥɚɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣɬɹɝɢɥɟɝɤɢɯ ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɝɨɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹɚɥɶɜɟɨɥɹɪ ɧɨɣ ɩɥɟɧɤɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫɭɪɮɚɤɬɚɧɬɚ

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