Английский язык. Способы словообразования в таблицах и упражнениях = English word formation (tables and exercises). Пособие для подготовки к тестирова

14.He is a member of the government … (to opposite).

15.In my childhood I was a sportsman and took part in sports …

(to compete).

упражнение3.Образуйте новые слова от слов в скобках и вставьте их в пропуски.

1.His main … (to object) was to make a career.

2.Are you … (satisfactory) with the results of your research?. Studying is not … (to amuse), but it can be fun.

4.(to appear) … is important, but actions are more important.

5.He is so … (to care) he always breaks plates and glasses.

6.She is a very experienced … (busy).

7.She gave me a … (to criticize) glance, and I understood that she

did not like me.

8.The population of Belarus is 5 times smaller as … (comparison) to that of Great Britain.

9.He moved forward, full of … (to determine) to win.

10.The course will provide you with necessary … (to know).

упражнение 4. От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

1)to inform (информировать) – 1. (информация); 2. (информативный); . (информатор); 4. (информированный); 5. (не информированный).

2)to explain (объяснять) – 1. (объяснение); 2. (объясняющий);

. (объясненный); 4. (необъясненный, необъяснимый).

3)to conclude (заключать, делать вывод) – 1. (заключение, вывод); 2. (заключительный, завершающий); . (окончательно, решительно).

4)to increase (повышать, увеличивать) – 1. (увеличивающийся, возрастающий); 2. (все более, все в большей степени).

5)to explore (исследовать) – 1. (исследование); 2. (исследова-

тель); . (исследованный); 4. (неисследованный).

6)to inform (информировать) – 1. (информация); 2. (информативный); . (информатор); 4. (информированный); 5. (не информированный).

7)to develop (развивать, разрабатывать) – 1. (разработка);

2.(разработчик); . (разрабатывание); 4. (разработанный).

8)to encourage (ободрять, воодушевлять) – 1. (ободрение);

2. (ободряющий); . (ободренный); 4. (ободряюще).

9)to pollute (загрязнять) – 1. (загрязнение); 2. (загрязненный);. (загрязняющий); 4. (загрязнитель, источник загрязнений).

10)to destruct (разрушать) – 1. (разрушение); 2. (разрушен-

ный); . (разрушающий); 4. (разрушитель).

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11)to prevent (предотвращать) – 1. (предотвращение); 2. (предотвращающий); . (предотвращенный).

12)to evolve (развивать, развертывать) – 1. (развивающий);

2.(развитие); . (развитый).

упражнение 5. От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

1)to conserve (сохранять) – 1. (сохранение); 2. (сохраняющий); . (консерватор); 4. (консервативный).

2)to protect (защищать) – 1. (защита); 2. (защитник); . (защи-

щенный); 4. (защитный).

3)to vary (варьироваться, быть разнообразным) – 1. (разнообразие); 2. (разнообразный); . (вариативный).

4)to create (творить, создавать) – 1. (создание, творение);

2.(создатель); . (созданный); 4. (творческий).

5)to write (писать) – 1. (писатель); 2. (написанный); . (напи-

сание); 4. (пишущий).

6)to manufacture (производить) – 1. (производитель); 2. (завод, фабрика); . (производительный, производящий).

7)to compute (вычислять) – 1. (вычислительная машина);

2.(вычисляющий); . (вычисленный).

8)to invent (изобретать) – 1. (изобретение); 2. (изобретатель);

. (изобретательный); 4. (изобретающий); 5. (изобретенный).

9)toprepare (готовить,подготавливать)–1.(подготовка);2. (подготовительный); . (подготовленный); 4. (тот, кто подготовил).

10)to discover (открывать) – 1. (открытие); 2. (открывающий);

. (открыватель).

11)to import (импортировать) – 1. (импортер); 2. (импортный); . (импортирующий).

12)to construct (строить) – 1. (стройка); 2. (строитель); . (пос-

троенный); 4. (строительный).

упражнение 6. От данных глаголов образуйте указанные слова:

1)to produce (производить) – 1. (производство); 2. (производитель); . (производящий); 4. (произведенный); 5. (производительный); 6. (производительно).

2)toeconomize (экономить) – 1. (экономия); 2. (экономика как

наука); . (экономист); 4. (экономический); 5. (экономически).

3)to control (управлять, контролировать) – 1. (контролер);

2.(контролирующий); . (управляемый, регулируемый).

4)to educate (давать образование, обучать) – 1. (образование);

2. (образованный); . (педагогический, связанный с обучением); 4. (обучающий); 5. (педагог).

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5)to specify (определять, специфицировать) – 1. (определенный, специфичный); 2. (определяющий); . (специфически).

6)to translate (переводить) – 1. (перевод); 2. (переводчик);

. (относящийся к переводу); 4. (переведенный).

7)to politicize (заниматься политикой) – 1. (политик); 2. (политика).

8)to teach (преподавать) – 1. (преподаватель); 2. (преподава-

ние).

9)to survey (обозревать, осматривать) – 1. (досмотрщик, на-

блюдатель); 2. (наблюдение).

1.terribly; 2. momentarily; . practically; 4. weekly; 5. rightly;

6.exceedingly; 7. rarely.

10)to study (изучать) – 1. (студент); 2. (любящий науку, старательный); . (старательно, прилежно); 4. (старательность, прилежание).

11)to practise (практиковать) – 1. (практика); 2. (практичес-

кий); . (практикующий врач).

12)to perform (исполнять) – 1. (исполнение, выступление);

2.(исполнитель); . (исполняющий); 4. (исполненный).

13)to assess (оценивать) – 1. (оценка); 2. (оценщик); . (оце-

нивающий); 4. (оцененный).

14) to qualify (квалифицировать) – 1. (квалификация); 2. (квалифицированный); . (качество); 4. (качественный).

упражнение 7. Используйте слова в скобках для образования нужных по контексту слов для заполнения пропусков.

If you are (1) … (interest) in getting fit, then you need a training programme. Although aimed at improving physical (2) … (to fit), this programme can also be (3) ... (to design) in such away that it helps in the (4) … (to develop) of particular athletic skills. There is arrange of different (5) … (active) to choose from and a growing amount of scientific (6) … (to know) to explain the effects of each one.

When you begin training, it is important to start (7) … (gentle), raising the (8) … (intense) of the programme in a gradual way. Although it is important to work sufficiently hard to make an (9) … (to impress) on your physical condition, the activities shouldn’t be (10) … (pain). It is (11) … (wise), therefore, to ignore warning symptoms such as sharp or persistent pain in particular muscles.

упражнение 8. Используйте слова в скобках для образования нужных по контексту слов для заполнения пропусков.

There are a few rules that all (1) … (to visit) to the wildlife reserves should observe. (2) … (to follow) these rules is necessary if

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people want to enjoy themselves and have an (3) … (to forget) experience. First of all, it is (4) … (to advise) to leave your car in the car park so as to cause as little (5) … (to disturb) as possible to the varied wildlife. The animals can be easily (6) … (fright) by unexpected noises, (7) … (particular) those made by machines. Secondly, people need to be (8) … (patience). If they want to see the animals in their natural (9) … (to surround). This often means that people have to put up with (10) … (pleasant) weather conditions and (11) … (to annoy) insects.

упражнение 9. Используйте слова в скобках для образования нужных по контексту слов для заполнения пропусков.

My brother Thomas is a very unusual man. When he was young, he appeared to have many problems. He was (1) … (suspicion) of other children and would never play with them, and he was not able to speak at all. He seemed (2) … (nerve) of all adults and was not interested in his surroundings.

When he was seven he began to draw (3) … (to remark) pictures, mostly of buildings. People were (4) … (to amaze) by this little boy, who would sit in the corner of the room and produce (5) … (number) drawings , perfect in detail and showing the skill of an adult artist.

There was further evidence of his (6) … (to consider) talent: he only needed to look at the subject of his drawing once, for a few seconds. After that he drew a (7) … (perfect) accurate picture without having to look again. As he grew older, the news of his talent began to spread.

When he was 1 , the BBC made a (8) … (to fascinate) programme about him, and soon after they received thousands of letters, asking where his work could be seen or bought. A (9) … (to collect) of his work was published a few months later. He has since published more books of his drawings, and in 199 , he began to show an equally (10) … (mystery) and brilliant talent for music.

упражнение 10. Используйте слова в скобках для образования нужных по контексту слов для заполнения пропусков.

I remember having to go to Britain for a University interview at the age of 18. I had never been abroad before, and I had been feeling

(1) … (anxiety).

About the whole situation for months before. I took my first (2) … (nation) flight, and arrived in London. Coming from a hot country, I soon realized that I was (3) … (serious) ill-equipped for the weath-

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er! The first thing I did was to buy a warm jacket. On the day of the interview, I struggled through the (4) … (crowd) streets to take the

(5) … (ground) train to the university. The large professor who interviewed me was dressed in what looked like (6) … (war) clothes, and seemed incredibly old and (7) … (weigh) to my young eyes.

It is never a good idea to judge by (8) … (to appear); this man became my teacher and taught me not only the subject which became my profession, but also many things about life. When I finished my first degree, I then went on to do (9) … (to graduate) studies in paleontology, when I became involved in the study of how the dinosaurs lived and died. I now have a fascinating, but unfortunately (10)… (to pay) job, and I owe it all to Professor Hammond.

упражнение 11. Используйте слова в скобках для образования нужных по контексту слов для заполнения пропусков.

Today we can do practically anything we want on the Internet. We can send letters by e-mail, chat to friends on the other side of the world, and go shopping. The trouble is that our lives are in danger of becoming more (1) … (personal) as we lose contact with others. It certainly seems more (3) … (convenient) to walk down the street to the bookshop when we have the (4) … (possible) of ordering books from a website, but we don’t miss a quick (5) … (formal) chat with the shop (6) … (to assist)?

We can also use the Internet in our studies. Spending time researching in a library now seems so (7) … (efficient), when we can search the web in minutes. However I think that many people would agree that books and teachers are (8) … (to replace), and it is difficult to imagine our lives without them.

We need other people for stimulating (9) … (to discuss), enjoyable social occasions, and comfort when we are sad. An (10) … (visible) friend in an Internet chat room is somehow just not the same!

упражнение 12. Образуйте новые слова и вставьте их в пропуски в тексте.

At a (1) … (to meet) held in Eastham last night, local residents were able to express their (2) … (to approve) of plans to build a new shopping centre in an area of outstanding natural beauty, one of the

(3) … (to manage) stated that it was an (4) … ( ambition) project and it would benefit the area as it would provide (5) … ( to employ) for local people. Furthermore, it would give everyone more (6) … (to choose) and it would attract shoppers from other towns. Some claimed that building a shopping centre would make a (7) … (to con-

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sider) difference to where the locals could go for picnics, and that the

(8) … (to destroy) of an area full of wildlife and wild flowers was (9) … (to accept). Nearly everyone present had strong feelings and some of the residents got very (10) … (to annoy) with each other. It is not until next month that a final (11) … (to decide) will be made whether or not to build the shopping centre.

упражнение 13. Используйте слова в скобках для образования нужных по контексту слов для заполнения пропусков.

1.Business people might arrange a meeting in order to have … (to discuss).

2.If you nodded, you would probably be …(to disagee).

. Alexander Fleming is the … (to invent) of penicillin.

4.He now has an excellent job and is … (to depend) of his parents.

5.You … (rare) see this variety of butterfly any more.

6.You will understand what true … (responsible) is only when

you become a parent.

7.She’s just come out of a long period of … (to depress) but she’s better now.

8.Going to the States to work is an … (opportune) you can’t af-

ford to miss.

9.Although he is a rich businessman, he’s not well known for his …

(generous).

10.The Prime Minister’s speech got a lot of … (public) in the media.

11.He agreed to take part in the show but with great … (reluc-

tant).

12.Thank you for … (to cooperate).

упражнение 14. Заполните пропуски путем образования нужного слова от однокоренного слова в скобках.

1.And so I would say, in … (to summarize), that the campaign has been a great success.

2.There are a few rules that all … (to visit) to the wildlife reserves

should observe.

. … (to follow) these rules is necessary if people want to enjoy themselves and have an … (to forget) experience.

4.First of all, it is … (to advise) to leave your car in the car park so as to case as little … (to disturb) as possible to the varied wildlife.

5.The animals can be easily … (fright) by unexpected noises, … (particular) made by machines.

6.Secondly, people need to be … (patience) if they want to see the animals in their natural … (to surround).

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7. This often means that people have to put up with … (pleasant) conditions and … (to annoy) insects.

упражнение 15. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

MAJOR, EFFECT, CARE, ORGANIZE

The most (1) … way of learning a language is by living in the country concerned, but parents should think (2) … before they send their children abroad. Although some (3) … arrange visits for children as young as ten, the (4) … of them won’t be ready to stay away from home and deal with cultural differences until they are in their teens.

упражнение 16. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

EMPLOY, CONTRUST, CLOSE, SHORT

Following the unexpected (1) … last year of a number of factories in and around Bradstone, leading to a sharp rise in local (2) … , it is very good to hear that the (3) … a new high-technology center will begin (4) … on the site of one of the old factories.

упражнение 17. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

PERFORM, SUGGEST, SUCCEED, NERVE

Let me make a (1) … to help you deal with difficult situations. For example, you are taking part in sports competition meeting someone important, or giving a (2) … in front of a large audience, you will probably be quite (3) … , and worry that you will not be as (4) … as you would like to be.

упражнение 18. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

ORIGIN, VIOLENT, RESPECT, FIGHT

Judo is a sport that has achieved great popularity in many parts of the world. It was (1) … developed in Japan in the late 19th century based on ancient methods of self-defense. There were two (2) … . Al-

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though they use physical (3) … against each other, they are (4) … to their opponent and bow to each other before and after each contest.

упражнение 19. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

KNOWLEDGE, ABLE, EFFECT, DISRUPT

In many jobs the (1) … to work as a member of a team is of great importance. But when it comes to developing a good working relationship with colleagues, life is not always a bed of roses. These days, most employers (2) … the fact that disputes between staff are not only (3) … in the short term, but can have a negative effect on a company’s long-term performance if nor tackled (4) … .

упражнение 20. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

RESIDENT, IMPORTANT, IMPRESS, COMMERCE,

HISTORY, SIGNIFICANT

In the past, Krakov was a city of great political (1) … . It was the ancient capital of Poland and the official (2) … of the county’s kings. The city still has (3) … medieval architecture, and is listed by UNESCO as a world heritage site because of its great (4) … and artistic (5) … . Krakov has the largest square in medieval Europe and this is still the (6) … centre of the city, and the best place to begin your exploration of the winding streets of the old quarter.

упражнение 21. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

REACT, CHOOSE, INVITE, USUAL, IMPRESS, PROBABLE

At some point in our lives most of us will receive an (1) … to a fancy-dress party. What would your (2) … be? Clearly, some people get very excited at the prospect of dressing up in (3) … clothes, and they immediately start thinking about their (4) … of costume. These people will (5) … invest quite a lot of money and effort in making sure that they make the best possible (6) … on the night.

упражнение 22. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

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MEMBER, POPULAR, RESEARCH,

BENEFIT, EXPLAIN, NATURE

Despite the increasing (1) … of physical exercise in recent years, only 10 per cent of British people have taken out (2) … of a gym. One reason for this, (3) … suggest, is that gyms may have a negative psychological effect on people. In tests, (4) … environments were found to be far more (5) … than the artificial surroundings of a gym. Maybe this provides an (6) … for why there has been a steady growth in the number of people to be seen jogging in and around city parks in recent years.

упражнение 23. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

EXCITE, CURRENT, FAME, AMUSE, VARY, ACT

I’ve have always wanted to be a clown. So I become a clown! I’m

(1)… doing four or five parties a week and I live it! I love seeing the

(2) … on the kids’ faces when I walk in the room. I try to have a lot of (3) … in my act, so I tell jokes – most of which the kids find (4) … – and bend balloons into funny animals, do impersonations of

(5) … people and generally keep the kids (B) … involved for an hour or two. It’s the perfect job for me!

упражнение 24. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

PROFIT, WEALTH, ADMINISTER,

FINANCE, ADVERTISE, INVEST

When I was a child, I never thought I’d be a (1) … businessman one day.

At the age of 22, I was running a small but (2) … publishing company.

The (3) … I put in various magazines were extremely effective. I needed to take on three people to help me with (4) … duties.

I had a few (5) … problems in the 1980s, but I somehow managed to survive.

Buying an old warehouse near the port was one of the best (6) … I ever made.

упражнение 25. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

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ENTERTAIN, USUAL, SUCCESS, ABLE,

CONFIDENT, SERIOUS

When we think of hypnosis, we (1) … think of the television shows. In such shows the hypnotist is an (2) … , almost like a magician, whose main aim is to keep the audience happy. But hypnosis deserves to be taken more (3) … . Hypnosis can help people to believe in their (4) … to do their jobs well.

It also help them to feel more relaxed about their work which gives them greater (5) … to deal (6) … with any problems they may be facing in their daily lives.

упражнение 26. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

ANXIOUS, PREPARE, OPERATE,

THOROUGH, SAFE, AWARE

Have you ever been to hospital to have an (1) … ? It’s interesting experience. While the patient in the ward is waiting (2) … to be taken into the operating theatre, the surgeons and nurses are getting the theatre, and themselves, ready. This (3) … involves making sure they, the theatre and the equipment are (4) … clean. Hygiene and (5) … are the most important things. The patient arrives and is usually given an injection of an anaesthetic, so he or she is (6) … of what happens next.

упражнение 27. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

MARRY, ARGUE, FRIEND, POLITE, KIND, ABLE

I had a really stupid (1) … with my best friend the other day. It all started because we were talking about (2) … and having a family. I said that (3) … is important when you are married and she said that she thought that was rubbish and that (4) … is much more important. Well, we (5) … to agree and, in the end, she left without saying goodbye. I hope it doesn’t spoil our (6) … .

упражнение 28. Выберите подходящее по смыслу слово из предложенных и запишите его в той форме, в которой оно должно стоять в предложении.

LIKE, EXACT, SECURE, DECIDE, DAY, ADVISE, SERIOUS,

MAJOR, PREDICT, LATE

Do you believe what your horoscope tell you? One woman said that she was more (1) … to believe the horoscope if it predicted excel-

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