156770

to k eepin closetouchwith поддерживать связь с

to touchupon(on) затрагивать, касаться вкратце(вопроса)

3 . а) П ереведите прил агатель ны е с суф-/с: ф иксом automatic, electronic, scientific, academic

б) Заполните пропуски прилагательными, образованными от выделенных Существительных:

1.It is obvious that Great Britain, like every other country in modern internationally-organised economy, ought to concentrate on the industrial and ... activities.

2.Scientists and engineers work in the field of science and engi neering. They carry out research and solve important ... problems in computer engineering.

3.Engineers pay much attention to electronics now. They design

and build new ... machines which they use in industry.

4.Automation helps people work more easily. The development of

,..control systems is the main aim of modern engineering.

4.Прочитайте следующие сочетания слов и переведите их:

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5. О п р е д е л и тзен а ч е н ивяы д е л е н н ысхл о вп о с х о д с т виух к о р н е йс корнямисоответствующихсловв русскомязыке:

the problemconcerning m ining education;special colleges; special institutes; geologistsand miningengineers; mechanical and electrical engineers; socialsciences;specializedsubjects; thetype of specialization and qualification; course; logiconclusions;al experimental methodsof work; thecharacteristicsof engineering materials; twotypes of laboratories; the finalyears;tacheometricand

astronom icalsurvey ing; toguaranteeem ploy ment for the graduates fromcolleges and universities; financialnd otherresources

7.to record observations

6)Найдите в правой колонке английские эквиваленты следующих сочетаний слов:

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8. Прочитайте текст А. Назовите предложения, характеризующие систему обучения на горном факультете Ноттингемского университета:

ТЕКСТ А Mining Education in

Great Britain

In Great Britain the students get mining education at special colleges and at mining departments of universities.

For example, the Mining Department at the University of Nottingham ranks as one of the foremost teaching and research mining schools in Great Britain. The students come to the University from all parts of the country and from abroad. The close proximity of Nottingham to mines extracting coal and different metals makes it possible for the University to keep in close touch with new achievements in mining.

The aim of training at the University is to give the student an understanding of applied science based on lectures, tutorial system,1 laboratory work and design classes. The laboratory work trains the student in accurate recording of observations, drawing of logical conclusions and presentation of scientific reports. Besides, it gives the student an understanding of experimental methods and familiarizes him (or her) with the characteristics of engineering materials, equipment and machines.

At Nottingham there are two types of laboratories, general and Specialized. General laboratories deal with the fundamentals of engineering science and specialized ones1 study the more specialized problems in different branches of engineering.

During the final two years of his course the student gets a comprehensive training in surveying. Practical work both in the field and in drawing classes forms an important part of this course. Besides, the students have practical work in survey camps during two weeks. The equipment available for carrying out traversing, levelling, tacheometric and astronomical surveying is of the latest design.

The practical and laboratory work throughout the three or four years of study forms a very important part of the course, so the stu-

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dents obtain the required standard in their laboratory course work before they graduate.

British educational system is fee-paying.3 The annual fee includes registration, tuition, examination, graduation and, in the case of full-time students, membership of the Union of Students.

Students from all over the world (nearly 100 countries) study at the University of Nottingham. For many years the University has had a thriving community of international students.

The University pays much attention to learning foreign languages. For individual study there is a 16-place self-access tape library4 with a tape archive of 3,000 tapes in 30 languages. There are also 16 video work stations where the students play back video tapes or watch TV broadcasts in a variety of languages.

ПОЯСНЕНИЯ К ТЕКСТУ

1.tutorial system — система прикрепления студентов к отдельным консуль тантам, принятая в университетах Великобритании

2.ones — замещает существительное sciences во избежание его повторения

3.fee-paying — зд. платная (система образования)

4.self-access tape library — фонотека со свободным доступом к кассетам

Вцепочках из нескольких существительных, очень характерных для английского языка, последнее слово является главным, определяемым, а все

стоящие перед ним существительные (иногда среди них могут быть и прилагательные) являются его определениями. Ср. также:

laboratory work — лабораторная работа

design classes — классы (занятия) по черчению TV broadcasts — телевизионные передачи

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

9. Определите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста. Подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста.

1.In Great Britain the students can get mining education only at special colleges.

2.The training at universities is based on tutorial system.

3.The laboratory work familiarizes the student with modern

equipment.

4.There are three types of laboratories at the University of Nottingham.

5.When the students study surveying, they have practical work both in the field and in drawing classes.

6.The students from abroad don't study at Nottingham.

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10.Ответьте я* следующие вопросы:

1.W here can one get mining education in Great Britain?

2.Is the Mining Departm ent at the University of Nottingham jpne of the foremost research mining schools in Great Britain?

3.W hat m akes it possible for the University to keepclosein touch with the, achievements in mining?

4.W hat are the students supposed to do in the laboratories?

5.W ill the students have practical work in survey cam ps or in the laboratories?

6.W hat do the students use surveying equipment 7for?.W hat can you say about studying foreign languages at the Uniersity?-v

11.Выпишите из текста предложения, содержащие

а) конструкцию there is/are,

б) сказуемое, выраженное временем Present Perfect.

12. Употребите форму Present Perfect глагола, данного в скобках.

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14.Дополните вопросы к тексту • дайте ответы. I

1.Where _________the students in Great Britain__________j mining education? (to get)

I

2. What__________ it possible for the University to keep in 1 close touch with new achievements in mining? (to make)

3. What_________the aim of training at the Mining Univer- ]

sity? (to be)

4. How many types of laboratories_________at Nottingham? 1

(there + be)

5. What _________ general laboratories _________ with? (to

deal) 6. What __________ specialized laboratories __________? (to study)

7. Where _________ the students __________ their practical work? (to have)

8._________British educational system fee-paying? (to be)

9.What_________the annual fee__________? (to include)

15.Изучите таблицу, иллюстрирующую многозначность слова one (ones). Обратите внимание на способы перевода предложений с оне на русский язык. Затем прочтите и переведите предложения. Назовите номера предложений, в которых one выступает как заместитель ранее упомянутого предложения.

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1.In Great Britain one can get higher education at colleges and universities.

2.Oxford, famous for its oldest university in Britain, is now one of the most important centres of the motor-car industry.

3.The speaker touched upon only one important problem — the state of higher education in Great Britain.

4.The training of mining engineers and geologists includes a comprehensive study of general subjects as well as special ones.

5.In the laboratory students learn to design new collieries and quarries, to build modern mines, dressing plants and reconstruct old ones.

Б

ГРАММАТИКА

Модальныеглаголы иих эквиваленты

Модальные глаголы выражают не действия, а отношение говорящего к действиям или состояниям. Главные глаголы этой группы: can, may, must, shall, should, will, would, ought to.

Иногда эти глаголы называют недостаточными, так как они:

а) не имеют форм инфинитива, причастия, повелитель ного наклонения;

б) имеют только формы настоящего времени, а некоторые

— форму прошедшего времени (например, can — could; may — might);

в) образуют вопросительную и отрицательную формы без вспомогательного глагола do (путем постановки модального Глагола перед подлежащим и добавления отрицания not после них): May I go? He cannot work.

• г) не изменяются ни по лицам, ни по числам (в настоящем времени в 3 л. ед. числа не имеют окончания -s): he can

read, she may go.

Взамен недостающих форм глагола can употребляется

конструкция to be able to.

I To have to употребляется вместо must и to be aUowed to —

вместо may. (См. примеры в таблице.)

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confer graduates extractive entry apply management

staff quarrying

excavation admission minimum

to be of interest представлять интерес to give instruction преподавать; syn to teach in addition (to) к тому же, кроме того such as такой, как

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