- •Practical modern english stylistics (практическая стилистика современного английского языка)
- •Содержание
- •Introduction to stylistics 8
- •Введение
- •Introduction to stylistics
- •2. Expressive means and stylistic devices
- •3. Functional styles of speech
- •Questions to lecture #1
- •Stylistic classification of the english vocabulary
- •1. Stylistically-neutral words
- •2. Stylistically-coloured words:
- •1. Stylistically-neutral words
- •2. Stylistically-coloured words
- •Questions to lecture #2
- •Lexical stylistic devices
- •2. Metaphor
- •3. Personification
- •4. Allusion
- •5. Metonymy
- •6. Synecdoche
- •7. Antonomasia
- •8. Periphrasis
- •9. Euphemism
- •10. Epithet
- •11. Over-statement (hyperbole)
- •12. Under-statement (meiosis)
- •13. Oxymoron
- •14. Zeugma
- •15. Pun
- •16. Irony
- •17. Paradox
- •Questions to lecture #3
- •Syntactical expressive means and stylistic devices
- •2. Detachment
- •3. Parenthesis
- •4. Ellipsis
- •5. Break-in-the-narrative (aposiopesis)
- •6. Parallelism
- •7. Chiasmus (reversed parallelism)
- •8. Repetition
- •9. Tautology
- •10. Polysyndeton
- •11. Asyndeton
- •12. Enumeration
- •13. Rhetorical question
- •14. Stream-of-consciousness method
- •Questions to lecture #4
- •Poetic expressive means and stylistic devices
- •1. Euphony
- •2. Metre
- •1. Euphony
- •2. Metre
- •Questions to lecture #5
- •English versification
- •1) Full rhyme
- •3. Patterns of rhyme
- •4. Structure of verse. Stanza
- •Questions to lecture #6
- •The Eve of St. Agnes
- •Functional styles of the english language
- •1. Style of official documents
- •2. Scientific prose style
- •3. Publicistic style
- •4. Newspaper style
- •5. Belles-letter style (fiction)
- •Questions to lecture #7
- •Stylistic analysis of the narrative
- •1. Characteristics of the narrative
- •3. The basics of analysis
- •1. Characteristics of the narrative
- •3. The basics of analysis
- •Questions to lecture #8
- •Supplements
- •1. Stylistically coloured and neutral verbs
- •2. Paraphrase the text
- •3. Translate the text
- •4. Lexical stylistic devices
- •5. Syntactic stylistic devices
- •6. Poetic stylistic devices
- •1) State the types of feet in the following poems (iambus, trochee, dactyl, amphibrach, and anapest)
- •2) Choose three of the poems and learn them by heart
- •7. To be or not to be … William Shakespeare To be, or not to be (from Hamlet 3/1)
- •8. Application letter
- •9. Cover letter
- •10. Abstract
- •12. Giving a presentation
- •14. The football match
- •Библиография
8. Application letter
6123 Farrington Road
Apt. G11
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
January 11, 2009
Taylor, Inc.
694 Rockstar Lane
Durham, NC 27708
Dear Ms. Jones:
I am seeking a position in your engineering department where I may use my training in computer sciences to solve Taylor's engineering problems. I would like to be a part of the department that developed the Internet Selection System.
I expect to receive a B.Sc. degree in Engineering from North Carolina State University in June and by that time will have completed the Computer Systems Engineering Program. Since September 2004, I have been participating, through the University, in the Professional Training Program at Computer Systems International in Raleigh. In the program I was assigned to several staff sections as an apprentice. Most recently, I have been a programmer trainee in the Engineering Department and have gained a great deal of experience in computer applications. Details of the academic courses I have taken are included in the enclosed resume.
If there is a position open at Taylor Inc., please let me know whom I should contact for further information. I look forward to hearing from you soon. I may be reached at my office (919-866-4000 ext. 232) or via email (Brock@aol.com).
Sincerely,
Rebecca Brock
9. Cover letter
Your Company Logo and Contact Information
January 11, 2009
Brian Eno, Chief Engineer
Carolina Chemical Products
3434 Pond View Lane
Durham, NC 27708
Dear Mr. Eno:
Enclosed is the final report on our installment of pollution control equipment at Eastern Chemical Company, which we send with Eastern's Permission. Please call me collect (ext. 1206) or email me at the address below if I can answer any questions.
Sincerely,
Nora Cassidy
Technical Services Manager
ncassidy@company.com
Enclosure: Report
10. Abstract
Introduction
The work reports ...
The purpose of the study was …
This study attempted to answer the following questions …
This study focused on …
The aim of this study was to …
... has been studied.
Methods
The experimental study was carried out ...
The following methods were used ...
... was (were) tested at the following conditions: ....
... was performed based on ...
... were established.
... has been designed.
A theory of ... has been developed.
... has been estimated.
Results
The results obtained fitted the theory of ...
Experimental results are in agreement with ...
The predicted results explained the experimental results well.
Therefore, ...
Conclusions
The proposed theory can be used for ...
The proposed methodology can be used as ...
The practical application of this work is ...
11. SAMPLE ABSTRACTS
Production of Diesel Fuel from Renewable Feeds: Kinetics of Ethyl Stearate Decarboxylation
M. Snåre, I. Kubičková, P. Mäki-Arvela, K. Eränen, J. Wärnå and D.Yu. Murzin
Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FIN-20500 Åbo/Turku, Finland
Abstract
The kinetics of liquid phase ethyl stearate decarboxylation for production of diesel fuel hydrocarbons was studied over a Pd/C catalyst in a semi-batch reactor. The kinetic behavior was tested in a wide range of temperature. Furthermore a supplementary investigation of the reaction intermediate, stearic acid, was performed. The main kinetic regularities were established in both cases. Finally successful kinetic modeling and parameter estimation was performed based on the proposed reaction route. The predicted results explained the experimental results well.
Keywords: Decarboxylation; Stearic acid; Biodiesel
Mathematical Modelling of Phenol Photooxidation: Kinetics of the Process Toxicity
Oscar Primo, María J. Rivero, Inmaculada Ortiz and Angel Irabien
Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Química Inorgánica, E.T.S.I.I. y T., Universidad de Cantabria, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain
Abstract
This work reports the kinetic analysis of the photochemical degradation of phenol making use of the evolution of parameters such as the total organic carbon (TOC), toxicity of the treated water (TU), and oxidant concentration H2O2. The experimental study was carried out working with an initial concentration of phenol of 1000 mg L−1, with a constant flux of radiation of 8.8 × 10−5 einstein s−1 and a variable initial concentration of the oxidant in the range between 17 000 mg L−1 and 51 000 mg L−1. The obtained results of TOC fitted to a first order kinetic law whereas zero order kinetics was found to describe H2O2 evolution. The decrease of the toxicity followed a constant trend related to TOC, being the ratio TU/TOC dependant on the initial H2O2 concentration.
Keywords: UV/H2O2; Phenol oxidation; TOC; TU evolution; Kinetic model
The Impact of Regulation on Innovation
LUCY FIRTH
Economics of Infrastructures, Technical University, Delft
DAVID MELLOR
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
Abstract
This paper presents two examples that indicate the breadth of the impact of regulation on innovation. That some of the impacts in those examples were not intended by the regulators is taken as evidence that a better understanding of the impact of regulation is needed. The examples can be understood within theoretical frameworks that place innovation at the centre of social and economic activity within an integrated system. It is argued that understanding that system is essential to the better appreciation of the innovation process and relevant policy.
Keywords: Innovation, competition, licensing, system, learning