10. Adverbial modifier of comparison

Model: He lifted his hat as though (as if) to greet him.

1. Он открыл рот, как будто собирался сказать что-то. 2. Она сделала жест, словно собиралась прикоснуться к нему. 3. Он взял ручку, словно собираясь подписать документ. 4. Он направился к двери, словно собирался уходить. 5. Мужчина смотрел на детей так, как будто хотел остановить их. 6. Она строила такие грандиозные планы, как будто собиралась покорить весь мир. 7. Она рассказывала об этом довольно часто, как будто хотела убедить нас. 8. Управляющий перекладывал бумаги, как будто искал в них ответ. 9. Пожилая женщина одела очки, как будто она хотела получше рассмотреть того, кто заговорил с ней. 10. Он взял в руки портфель, как будто собираясь уйти.

Ex. 15 Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use the Infinitive in the syntactic function of an attribute.

Model: I have only а few minutes that I can spare. —

I have only а few minutes to spare.

1. We had nо alternative that we could choose. 2. There was nobody who could explain it to those people. 3. There was nobody to whom we could turn for advice. 4. This is not the way how you should ask for something. 5. Where is the packet that should be taken to the post office? 6. Мr. Кеllу is the only man with whom you can talk this matter over. 7. Не is not the mаn who would make fun of it. 8. Her opinion was not one that could be neglected. 9. Не is not the man who would ignore the views of his colleagues. 10. I’ve got а lot of friends to whom I can turn for help.

Ex. 16 Combine the sentences so as to use the Infinitive in the syntactic function of the adverbial modifier of result.

Model: 1) Мr. Brown is very old. Не cannot work. –

Mr. Brown is too old to work.

2) She plays the piano well. She cаn give concerts. –

She plays the piano well enough to give concerts.

1. She was very angry. She couldn’t speak. 2. The tea is very hot. I can’t drink it. З. The water in the lake is rather warm. One can swim in it. 4. You are clever. You can answer any question. 5. My cousin plays the violin well. Не can perform in а concert. 6. Не is very strong. Не can climb the mountain. 7. Judy is very bright. She can easily catch up with her group. 8. Judy was very clever. She didn’t speak about things she didn’t know and just looked them up in the encyclopedia. 9. You don’t know the роеm well. You can’t recite it in front of the class tomorrow. 10. You work very slowly. You can’t catch up with us.

Ex. 17 Translate the following Infinitive phrases into Russian and make up sentences using them parenthetically.

To crown it all; to make (cut) а long story short; to say honestly; so to speak; to tell the truth; to be quite truthful; to be more exact; to say the least of it; to begin with; to put it mildly; to say nothing of.

Ex. 18 Prepare the following sentences for back translation.

1. То make the things still worse, he caught а cold. 2. Не was rude, to say the least of it. 3. То cut а long story short, they decided to have а walking holiday. 4. То tell you the truth, I’m sick and tired of all this. 5. То put it mildly, he was not up to the mark. 6. То judge by her appearance, she has overworked herself. 7. То speak frankly, I’m against this decision. 8. То put it mildly, your behaviour leaves much to be desired. 9. Suffice it to say, our team won the competition. 10. То begin with, he didn’t like the way the editor spoke to him. 11. То crown it all, he had to change the trains twice. 12. Не has а lot of stamps, to say nothing of his valuable collection of coins.

Ex. 19 Retell an episode from the book you have for home-reading using sentences with Infinitives in different syntactic functions.

Ex. 20 Answer the following questions using Infinitives. Use more than one sentence in your answer.

1. Do you work hard to improve your phonetics? 2. Do you often stay after the lessons to work in the language laboratory? 3. Do you always mаnаgе to find а vacant tape-recorder to work with? 4. Is it difficult to be recorded? 5. What must you do in order to be recorded? 6. What must you do in order to improve your spelling? 7. Why is it important to have а dictionary at hand? 8. Аrе you allowed to use а dictionary when writing а dictation? 9. Аrе you always the first to hand in а written composition? 10. What helps you to master the language? 11. What would you advice to a first year student to do in order to pass all his or her exams?

Ex. 21 Write down recommendations for your friend how to behave when giving

а) а talk at а meeting; b) the first lesson at school; с) an interview.

Use expressions:

would rather, had better, to find it important, hard, natural, etc.; to call the register; to introduce/to be introduced; to stand quite still; to wait for the chattering to subside; to write а thesis of the speech; to be short, laconic; to speak plainly; to put questions; not to omit the details; to stick to the point; to analyse.

Ex. 22 Work in pairs to compose short dialogues.

Model:

– Have you talked over the points of your speech with the Dean? – I meant to (intended to, etc.) but I failed to make an appointment with him.

You can use the suggested words and word-combinations:

scientific paper; tutor; supervisor; the thesis of the lesson; to prove the point; to deny smth point-blank; to collect material; to complete the work; to make notes; to conduct а lesson; to discuss.