11. Where in the text would the following sentence best fit? Possible sentence positions are marked with (1), (2), (3), (4):

Three of the founders were graduate students there.

12. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the text?

1. A lot of people in the modern world use mobile phones and the Internet.

2. Young Americans are very creative in developing new ideas.

3. Writing a business plan is very important when forming a new company.

4. A company is working on a system in the United States and developing countries to use technology to connect job seekers with employers.

12. Complete each sentence with one of the following words:

• telephone • online • radio • newspapers • Internet • e-mail

1. About eighty percent of all people are said to live within reach of a wireless … signal.

2. People who want their house cleaned can look … at a list of housekeepers.

3. Most companies place job advertisements on … or in ….

4. Some companies list open positions on the ….

5. Some companies send the workers text or … messages to announce the jobs available.

Speaking

13. Discuss the following questions with your partner:

• Do you think electronic marketplace like Assured Labor could be popular with Russian people?

• Which way would you personally prefer to be hired for a job?

• Imagine you are the president of the company dealing with hiring practices. You have just started your business in Russia. What should you do first?

writing

In this unit you’ll get the basics of good business letter writing. They are easy to learn.

A business letter has the following essential parts:

• the heading (usually name of the company and the return address)

• the inside address (the mailing address)

• the date

• the salutation or greeting

• the topic of the letter (recommended for formal letters)

• the body of the letter

• the complimentary close

• the writer’s handwritten first and second names

• the writer’s typed name and position

• the list of documents enclosed with the letter (if any)

• the names of people who receive the copy of the letter (if any) .

14. Match essential parts of a business letter with their characteristics:

The heading The inside address The salutation The body of the letter The complimentary close The signature

should be identical to the address that appears on the envelope and should give the name and full address of the person to whom the letter is written. should follow the principles of good writing. should give the full address of the writer and the date of the letter. should be consistent with the tone of the letter. should be hand written legibly below the complimentary close. should be consistent with the tone of the letter and the salutation.

The following guide provides the phrases that are usually found in any standard business letter.

The salutation:

• Dear Personnel Director, Dear Managing Director,

• Dear Sir or Madam, (use if you don't know who you are writing to)

• Dear Dr, Mr, Mrs, Miss or Ms Johnson, (use if you know who you are writing to, and have a formal relationship with - VERY IMPORTANT use Ms for women unless asked to use Mrs or Miss)

• Dear Michael, (use if the person is a close business contact or friend)

The complimentary close:

• Yours faithfully, (use if you don't know the name of the person you're writing to)

• Yours sincerely, (use if you know the name of the person you're writing to)

• Best wishes, (use if the person is a close business contact or friend)

• Best regards, (use if the person is a close business contact or friend)

15. Mark the following with the letter S if it’s the Salutation and with the letters CC if it’s a Complimentary Close:

Dear Sir,

Dear Personnel Director,

Dear Sirs,

Yours faithfully,

Best wishes,

Yours sincerely,

Dear Ms Johnson,

Dear Managing Director,

Best regards,

Dear Michael,

Dear Advertizing Manager

After the inside address usually goes the date (in the right corner). It can be written in different ways:

• 1^st December, 2009

• 1^st December 2009

• 1 December 2009

• December 1, 2009

16. Write the following dates using words for months:

26/V-2008, 4/IV-2010, 1/I-2009, 22/XI-2011, 11/VI-2013, 8/III-2011, 12/II-2012, 25/VII-2014, 1/IX-2010, 20/X-2015, 5/VIII-2015

UNIT II

BUSINESS STRUCTURE

Warm-up Activities

1. Discuss the following with your partner:

Why do you think businesses are structured in different ways: individual proprietorship, partnership, corporation, etc.? Explain your choice.

• some people are afraid of full responsibility

• some people want to keep all of the profits of the business

• different businesses are designed to meet different needs

• other

Vocabulary

property - имущество; собственность; состояние, хозяйство

proprietor - владелец, собственник, хозяин

proprietorship - право собственности

partnership - компания, товарищество

limited liability - ограниченная ответственность

share - акция

stock – зд. акционерный капитал

profits - прибыль, доход

debt - долг

reward – вознаграждение

entity - нечто реально существующее, данность, объект

recognize – зд. различать

share (in) - иметь долю или часть

raise money - занимать деньги, получить ссуду на что-л.

responsible - несущий ответственность, отвечающий (за что-л.)