1. Discuss the following with your partner:

Why do you think most people experience more pleasure from buying expensive things? Explain your answer choice.

• expensive means better quality

• most people are influenced by advertising

• expensive products are better packed

• other

Vocabulary

pleasure – удовольствие

quality – качество

researcher - научный работник; исследователь; учёный

study - изучение, исследование

finding – зд. открытие; полученные данные, сведения

oxygen - кислород

proceedings - известия (периодическое издание)

cortex - кора головного мозга

high definition (HD) - высокая чёткость

experience - испытывать, знать по опыту, чувствовать, переживать

identify – зд. опознавать, распознавать

report - сообщать, описывать, рассказывать

support – поддерживать

increase - возрастать, увеличиваться; расти

update - модернизировать, усовершенствовать, приводить в соответствие с современными стандартами

in truth - действительно, на самом деле

on average - в среднем

while - пока, в то время как

2. Match the words with the definitions:

expect announce generation taste confirm enjoy smell affect science level

a group of individuals born and living at about the same time to think or believe that something will happen; to wait for an event to sense through the mouth the study of nature and the actions of natural things, and the knowledge gained about them to be pleased or satisfied by something something sensed by the nose to make known publicly; to declare officially to produce an effect on; to influence the amount or height that something reaches or rises to; the position of something or someone to approve; to say that something is true

listening

3. Listen to the text and answer the questions:

1. According to the speaker, how many people did take part in the experience tasting different wines?

1. two hundred

2. two

3. twelve

4. twenty

2. According to the speaker, how many different Cabernet Sauvignons did these people taste?

1. five

2. four

3. three

4. two

3. According to the speaker, how many different wines were presented to people in truth?

1. three

2. four

3. two

4. five

4. According to the speaker, how many different wines were presented twice?

1. two

2. three

3. four

4. five

5. According to the speaker, how many important results were there from the study?

1. two

2. three

3. four

4. one

4. Now go to the printed version of the text and follow the speaker when listening. After listening answer the following questions:

1. Three of the following organizations are mentioned in the text EXCEPT

1. California Institute of Pleasure

2. California Institute of Technology

3. Stanford Graduate School of Business

4. National Academy of Sciences

2. Three of the following names are mentioned in the text EXCEPT

1. John O'Doherty

2. John Caltech

3. Antonio Rangel

4. Baba Shiv

Reading

5. Look at the word highlighted in paragraph 2 of the text. Mark two answer choices that are closest in meaning to the word researchers.

1. technologists

2. engineers

3. teachers

4. scientists

6. Look at the word highlighted in paragraph 4 of the text. Mark three answer choices that are closest in meaning to the phrase in truth.

1. truly

2. effectively

3. actually

4. in fact

7. Look at the word highlighted in paragraph 7 of the text. Mark the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word enjoyment.

1. happiness

2. pleasure

3. satisfaction

4. impression

8. Look at the highlighted word in paragraph 6 of the text. Choose the word or phrase in the bold text that the word they refers to.

1. people

2. brain images

3. results

4. individuals

Text: The Price of Pleasure