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Англійська мова ІІ семестр.doc
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State Power Institutions in Ukraine: The President of Ukraine

The President of Ukraine is the Head of the State and acts in its name. Chapter V of the Ukrainian Constitution specifies the powers and obligations of the President. The President of Ukraine is the guarantor of state sovereignty and territorial indivisibility of Ukraine, the observance of the Constitution of Ukraine and human and citizens’ rights and freedoms.

The President, as guarantor of the Constitution, is obliged to put a stop to any actions of the legislative, executive and judicial branches of power which directly or indirectly violate the Core Law of Ukraine. The President is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Ukrainian Army and heads the National Security and Defense Council.

The President of Ukraine is elected by the citizens of Ukraine for a five-year term, on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage, by secret ballot.

A citizen of Ukraine who has attained the age of thirty-five, has the right to vote, has resided in Ukraine for the past ten years prior to the day of elections, and has a command of the state language, may be elected the President of Ukraine.

One and the same person shall not be the President of Ukraine for more than two consecutive terms. The term of presidential office is five years. The President of Ukraine enjoys the right of immunity during the term of authority. The title of the President of Ukraine is protected by law and is reserved for the President for life, unless the President of Ukraine has been removed from office by the procedure of impeachment. The President of Ukraine ensures state independence, national security and the legal succession of the state.

State Power Institutions in Ukraine: The Verhovna Rada (Parliament) of Ukraine

The only legislative body of Ukraine is the Parliament – the Verhovna Rada of Ukraine. People’s deputies of Ukraine are elected by the citizens of Ukraine on the basis of equal and direct universal suffrage through secret vote. The election system is proportional.

Altogether 450 deputies are elected proportionally at multi-mandate national constituency from the lists of candidates coming from political parties and their election blocks.

The powers of people’s deputies of Ukraine are established by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. People’s deputies of Ukraine may voluntarily unite themselves into the deputies’ groups (factions) of no less than 25 members. Deputies’ groups are formed both at party and non-party basis. Deputies’ groups formed at party basis are called “factions”. Non-party deputies may join a faction if they support the program of a relevant party. Deputies’ groups formed at the non-party basis unite deputies who share the same or similar views of national, social and economic development.

State Power Institutions in Ukraine: Government of Ukraine

The Cabinet of Ministers (Government) of Ukraine is the supreme executive authority. Its actions are based on the Constitution, laws of Ukraine and presidential orders. The Government is responsible to the President and is controlled by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, to which it also must report. In practice, this dependency results in presidential appointment of a Prime Minister (with parliamentary consent). The President may also suspend Prime Minister’s authorities and discharge him /her. Upon Prime Minister’s submission, the President appoints and discharges the members of Cabinet of Ministers and other heads of central executive authorities. Parliamentary control of the Government and its reporting to the Verkhovna Rada result in parliamentary approval of government-submitted annual budget, parliamentary resolutions on fulfillment of budgetary provisions, approval or rejection of governmental program and control of government’s work. The main responsibilities of the Cabinet of Ministers lie in the areas of foreign affairs, home policy, economy, science and technology, industry, law and humanitarian matters.