Exercises

I. Translate the text.

II. Complete the following. Choose the right word from the list.

The range of flammability, smothering, convection, boundary starvation, the Chief Engineer, boundary cooling, cooling, fuel starvation, calorific value, conduction.

1. Cooling the area around a fire to stop it spreading further is … .

2. Removal of the potential fuel from around the fire to stop it spreading is … .

3. … is the total quantity of heat a material gives out when it burns.

4. Fighting a fire by cooling the fuel to below its ignition temperature is … .

5. Direct heat transfer through a material is … .

6. Hot liquids or gases rise, "carrying» the heat from one area to another. This is called … .

7. … is fighting a fire by removing the fuel it needs to burn.

8. Fighting a fire by starving it of the air it needs to burn is called … .

9. … is responsible for fire fighting in the engine room, compressor room and all other machinery spaces.

10. … of a liquid describes the proportions of air and vapour that make its vapours flammable.

III. Select the suitable preposition from the list.

Aboard , at, in, for, from, on, out, to, upon, with

1. Fire is a chemical reaction between a flammable material and air which results … the production of heat and light.

2. Fires are classified according … the types of material which are acting as fuel.

3. Each class of fire is handled … a different way regarding both equipment and method.

4. The locations of fire extinguishers and their type should comply … all pertinent regulations and should be agreed … between the Master and Chief Officer.

5. Fire extinguishing appliances must be kept … good order and available … immediate use … all times.

6. Instruction should be given … all personnel in the use of all the types of fire extinguishers carried … the vessel.

7. The choice of fire fighting system to use will depend … the location and nature of the fire.

8. Automatic fire and smoke detectors should be connected to a control panel on the bridge that is capable of giving a visual and audible signal, showing from which section of the ship the alarm was triggered.

9. The engine room is highly susceptible to fire.

10. Any fire extinguisher that has been used should be taken out of service and either recharged or replaced.

11. In every cabin, a notice listing the emergency stations for that cabin should be posted which is known as a "Station Bill".

12. Full details of emergency procedures and assignments, such as fire teams, etc., should be displayed prominently on wall charts throughout the ship.

IV. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the most frequent cause of fires aboard tank vessels ?

2. Which of the fire extinguishing agents would be suitable for use on an oil fire, but dangerous on an electrical fire?

3. Why is it necessary to cool the bulkheads, decks, and overheads surrounding an involved compartment fire?

4. Which of the following operations must be personally supervised by the person-in-charge when taking on fuel?

5. How can the build up of static electricity be prevented so that a static spark does not ignite flammable vapors?

6. Which of the tanks presents the greatest potential for an explosion?

7. Which of the firefighting systems is best suited for fighting a fire in an oil pump room?

8. The use of which fire extinguishing agent involves covering the burning surface by deflecting the agent from a bulkhead to avoid undue agitation?

9. What is the maximum time limit a person can remain in an atmosphere of less than 15% oxygen while using a fresh air breathing apparatus?

10. In cleaning up an oil spill, the use of straw or reclaimed paper fibers would be an example of which type of oil removal?

11. Which type of fire extinguisher is most prone to the freezing when exposed to low temperatures?

12. Which of the classes of fires should be extinguished with a water fog?

13. Dry chemical fire extinguishers may be used on which of the classes of fires?

14. When is it required for carbon dioxide fire extinguishers to be recharged?