V. Answer the following questions.

1. What is meant by oil and gas field development?

2. What are special development projects based on?

3. What does one of the most important problems in the development projects consist in?

4. How can all known methods of well exploitation be classified?

5. Where was edge water flooding first used in our country?

6. What did artificial maintenance of the formational pressure make it possible?

7. What made it possible to increase oil production in a short period of time?

VI. Make up proper expressions using the words given in the following columns. Give the Russian translation.

1) to develop 2) to obtain 3) to consist in 4) to classify into 5) to lift 6) to produce 7) to pump 8) to drill 9) to increase 10) to save

a) wells b) an oil field c) the spacing d) the fluid e) large sums of money f) oil g) oil production h) data i) water j) groups

VII. Retell the text “Oil and gas fields development” using the questions in V.

8. Make up the Participle I and the Participle II using the given verbs. Translate them.

to read to do to leave

to give to know to connect

to make to speak to build

to equip to show to design

8. Translate into English.

окончив университет мальчик, спасенный своей собакой читающие студенты падающее тело лектор, объясняющий новый материал написанное письмо прибор, сконструированный группой инженеров

решенные проблемы измеренное расстояние статья, переведенная мной пишущий человек полученная информация экспериментатор, нагревающий вещество девочка, спрашивающая дорогу полученные результаты студенты, решающие задачу

X. Translate the following sentences into Russian. Comment on the forms and the functions of the Participle.

I

1. Working with the substance, the experimenter always adds some water to it. 2. We keep the materials used for laboratory works only on these stands. 3. The problems facing our laboratory this year are very important for our industry. 4. Carbon combines with oxygen, forming carbon dioxide. 5. Designing new mining machines engineers should pay attention to geological conditions of mines. 6. The students are experimenting with new substances. 7. The first wells drilled more oil wells in the Caucasus. 8. The boxes containing these minerals are under this desk. 9. The water flowing from springs and streams makes rivers or lakes. 10. Heated even to high temperatures water does not expand. 11. The students are completing their work. 12. The students completing their second year at the institute go for their professional training to different plants and oil fields. 13. Oil and gas field development is a complex work consisting in drilling of the field and lifting of oil and gas to the surface. 14. When developing an oil field two interrelated processes occur. 15. The book received contained very important information about the new technology. 16. In Russia more than 70 per cent of oil is produced using this method. 17. Injection of gas and water into the well is the best method of maintaining the formational pressure, ensuring high rates of oil production.

II

1. The information received helped the scientists to solve the problem of the long-distance communication. 2. The speed developed by the new car was 160 km per hour. 3. The words on the board are written in English. 4. This month the students are to work with the material collected by them during their professional practice. 5. This drilling equipment is of modern design. 6. When does burnt gas produce heat? 7. The device designed by the group of engineers meets all the requirements. 8. They are reading the instructions for the next laboratory work. 9. The tank and the pump were connected with a thin copper pipe made be the inventor. 10. Developed in the works of this scientist, the theory is becoming very popular now. 11. The train leaving at 10 goes to Odessa. 12. Going to the institute the students living far from it take a bus. 13. The students study the properties of substances, experimenting with them. 14. We are going to finish our planned work in two months. 15. The temperature of air is defined with the help of different measuring devices. 16. The results of the experiments determining the properties of this new metal were recorded with the help of an automatic device. 17. The man, lecturing in Room 312 is a professor of our department. 18. Reading technical texts research workers pay attention to new information. 19. The seminar beginning today ends in three days. 20. The Dean is opening the meeting.