Finite Dependent Clauses

1. Define the syntactic functions of the finite dependent clauses in the syntactic units:

1. He's got so little patience with children that he can't be a teacher (V. Evans).

2. What can't be cured must be endured (Proverb).

3. I only said 'yes' because I didn't want to offend Janice and Martin (S. Kinsella).

4. You saw how stunned she was (L. Levine).

5. She's staying here for six months so that she can perfect her English (M.Swan).

6. The more we give, the more we get (I. Stone).

7. He won several medals, though he was only 15 years old (Longman Language Activator).

8. Sit wherever you like (A. S. Hornby, A. P. Cowie, A. C. Gimson).

9. And then he found what he had come for (T. W. Hard).

10. Is it as good as you expected? (M. Swan).

11. If it were not for hope, the heart would break (Proverb).

12. It worried me a lot that she didn't phone (M. Swan).

13. His face was so beautiful in the moonlight that the little swallow was filled with pity (O.Wilde).

14. My sister earns a lot more than I do (Longman Language Activator).

15. When poverty comes in at the door, love flies out at the window (Proverb).

16. We send monthly reports in order that they may have full informa­tion (M. Swan).

17. Everybody seems to know you. — That's because they do business with father (S. Sheldon).

18. Although I missed my train, I still arrived at work on time (Longman Language Activator).

19. Let's wait until the rain stops (A. S. Hornby, A. P. Cowie, A. C. Gim­son).

20. I thought it peculiar that she hadn't written (M. Swan).

21. You won't pass your examinations unless you study hard (Longman Language Activator).

22. She ran home so that she could watch the 6 o'clock news (V Evans).

2. State whether the relative clauses in the syntactic units are restrictive (defining) or non-restrictive (non-defining) and put commas where necessary:

1. He who sleeps catches no fish (Proverb).

2. The book won't be published until next year which is disappointing (M.Hewings).

3. Neighbours have no idea where the couple have moved to (Longman Language Activator).

4. Mr. Smith who runs our company is in hospital (V. Evans).

5. It might snow this weekend in which case we won't go to Wales (M.Hewings).

6. This is Jack whose sister is staying with us (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

7. I remember the day when I met him (M.Fuchs, M. Bonner).

8. The things she said were not funny... (D. Robins).

9. Neil Adams whose parents are both teachers won first prize in the competition (M. Hewings).

10. John's flat which is in the same block as mine is much larger (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

11. He looked at her angrily for a moment which only made her want to laugh more (H. Fielding).

12. The house that is next to ours is for sale (M. Hewings).

13. My bike which I had left at the gate, had disappeared (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

14. My home town which is near Birmingham is very small (V. Evans).

15. We don't sell goods which have been damaged (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

16. The children who I baby-sit for are twins (V. Evans).

17. That book which you lent me is really good (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

18. Dorothy said something that I couldn't hear clearly (M.Hewings).

19. The hotel which was a hundred years old was very comfortable (M.Vince, P. Emmerson).

20. Dr. Richard Newman who is an aviation expert was asked to comment on the latest helicopter crash (M. Hewings).

21. Smoking is a bad habit which causes many deaths every year (V.Evans).

22. This is the person I sold my car to (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

23. That's the beach where I used to go swimming (V. Evans).

24. The shop that I went to didn't have any milk (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

25. The next Olympics are in three years by which time Stevens will be 34 (M. Hewings).

26. I don't believe the story she told us (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

27. The book that I'm reading is about China (V.Evans).

28. Peter who couldn't see the screen decided to change his seat (M.Vince, P. Emmerson).

29. Brenda is the friend who I went on holiday with (M. Vince, P. Emmerson).

Non-Predicative and Predicative Syntactic Units

1. Define the types of the syntactic units and comment on the kind of predication they have:

1. Then Nina joined us at the table (L. Levine).

2. How long were you here? — Two years (D. H. Lawrence).

3. Do you plan to stay on a while? — Yes (S. Sheldon).

4. She told you about that? — She did (A.Christie).

5. Anything wrong? (Th. Dreiser).

6. <He pats her hand.> Don't do that. — Why not? — Because you're covering me in jam (A.Ayckbourn).

7. It hasn't lasted very long (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

8. You angry about anything? (Gr. Greene).

9. Why are you crying? — Because John and I have had a row (M. Swan).

10. Sleep well? — No. — I did (A.Ayckbourn).

2. Say whether the syntactic units are monopredicative or polyprcdicative:

1. Julie's nice, but I don't really get on with her brother (Longman Lan­guage Activator).

2. They have a house in South Hampton (S.Kinsella).

3. We live in the very heart of the city (Oxford Collocations Dictionary for Students of English).

4. When I saw her face, I knew immediately that something was wrong (Longman Essential Activator).

5. It was a small victory, but it was a victory nevertheless (S. Sheldon).

6. Sleep was out of the question (L. Levine).

7. He couldn't make up his mind whether she was angry with him or not (J.Collins).

8. The sun was hot and it felt good on her old legs (J. Cheever).

9. He has a forgiving nature (A. Ayckbourn).

10. After my mother got remarried, it took a while to get used to having a stepfather (Longman Language Activator).

3. Say whether the monopredicative sentences are one-member or two-member; declarative, interrogative, imperative or exclamative; posi­tive (affirmative) or negative:

1. Open the door (E.Caldwell).

2. How wonderfully it worked out! (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

3. Did he often have these big house-parties? (A. Christie).

4. I haven't made up my mind yet (I. Shaw).

5. You turn left at that traffic light (J. Cheever).

6. What a lovely cake they bought you! (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

7. What's he talking about? (A. Ayckbourn).

8. Kate was shocked by her mother's appearance (S. Sheldon).

9. I'll tell her. Don't you say anything (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

10. Won't you miss Shady Hill? — No (J. Cheever).

11. Let's get today's Continental Daily Mail (A.Christie).

12. Who doesn't want tea? (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

13. Don't worry about a thing (A. Ayckbourn).

14. You stop laughing, Joe (E. Hemingway).

15. Do take your coats off (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

4. Say whether the sentencoids are declarative, interrogative, impera­ tive or exclamative:

1. I seen nobody (J. Morrison).

2. How awful! (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

3. Some coffee, please (J. London).

4. A bright, sunny day after a heavy frost (St. Rudd).

5. To make me dance alone! (R. Lardner).

6. What a wonderful thing! (R. Carter, M. McCarthy).

7. You did a pretty fine job, but you'd better not leave. — Why? — Be­cause Selina is just about to kill Nature (a woman's name) (J. Collins).

8. Enough of that (A.Christie).

9. Well, if that isn't Mr. Ashenden! (W.S.Maugham).

10. How you feel? - Well (R. Chandler).

11. How many? - Hm? - Children. - Oh. Just one. – Boy? - Girl. - Pretty? - Very (D. Benfield).

12. And such horrid meals! (L. Carroll).