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  1. Complete the text with the past simple or past continuous form of the verbs in brackets.

Although companies spend billions of dollars on research and development, new products sometimes come about just by chance.

SAFETY CLASS - The idea of safety glass came to a French scientist, Edouard Benedictus, in 1903. He _________ (work) in his laboratory one night when he suddenly _________ (knock) over a glass jar containing celluloid. The glass broke, but did not shatter because it stuck to the celluloid, and this led to the idea of safety glass - two sheets of glass with a central sheet of celluloid.

TEFLON – Roy Plunkett _________ (make) the first batch of Teflon while he _________ (work) for Du Pont. He _________ (carry) out research into coolant gases when he _______ (leave) one batch in a container overnight. He came back the next day to find that the gas had turned into Teflon, the slipperiest substance in the world

PFIZER S LUCKY BREAK - Scientists at Pfizer's laboratory in England _________ (test) a new heart drug called Viagra when they _______(realize) that, although it was of little use in treating heart problems, it had some unexpected side-effects. The result was a hugely successful new product that has probably done more to save the rhinoceros than anything else in history.

  1. Read each set of information. Decide the order in which things happened. Then write two new sentences based on the information. Begin each one with the same words. See the example.

  1. His car broke down. He went the rest of the way by taxi. He was driving to Bonn for a conference.

  1. When his car broke down, he was driving to Bonn for a conference.

  2. When his car broke down, he went the rest of the way by taxi.

  1. We left the building. We were having a meeting. The fire alarm went off.

  1. When___________________________________________________

  2. When___________________________________________________

  1. They took our company over. We were losing a lot of money. They made a lot of people redundant.

  1. When___________________________________________________

  2. When___________________________________________________

  1. My secretary went to meet him. I was having lunch in the canteen. Mr Takashi arrived.

  1. When ___________________________________________________

  2. When____________________________________________________

  1. Herr Streibel arrived at the airport. He came straight to the office. The chauffeur was waiting.

  1. When______________________________________________________

  2. When_____________________________________________________

  1. In the following sentences, put one of the verbs in brackets into the past continuous, and the other into the past simple.

  1. (walk, notice) The security guard _________ the broken window while he was _________ round the warehouse.

  2. (go, meet) I first _________ Mr Rodriguez when I _________ round Mexico on a marketing trip.

  3. (interrupt, give) When she __________ her presentation, someone at the back of the room _________ to ask a question.

  4. (finalize, ring) While my PA ___________ arrangements for my trip to Brazil, the clients __________ up to cancel the visit.

  5. (notice, look) The auditors __________a large unauthorized withdrawal while they _________ through the accounts.

  6. (happen, clean) The accident _________ when one of the workers __________ the chemical tank.

  7. (drop, bring) One of the removals men _________ my computer while he __________ it into my office.

  8. (approach, work) A headhunter __________ her while she ___________ for ICI.

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