- •Lesson 1 evolution of the computer
- •Lesson 2 evolution of the computer (part 2)
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text;
- •Lesson 3 further steps of evolution of the computer (part 1)
- •II. Read and translate the following text):
- •Lesson 4 further steps of evolution of the computer (part 2)
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •1. Read and translate the following text:
- •Lesson 5 electronic computer evolution
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •Lesson 6 electronic brain
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •Lesson 7 characteristics and usage of computers
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •III. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Find the following words in the dictionary, read andtranslate them:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •I. Read and translate the following text:
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •I. Read and translate the following text:
- •I. Read and translate the following text:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
II. Read and translate the following text:
Do we actually need high level languages" such as C++ and PASCAL when we work with computers in control application? No! Not only high level languages are often unnecessary but they can interfere with microcomputer performances. The alternative, low level languages, give you greater control over the process and hardware and reduce the cost of the system.
Assembly language is called low level because it is very close to machine operation. The resident program called the assembler, translates only on a one-to-one basis, so the user must instruct the machine, what to do.
Low level languages use less English-like mnemonics, such as WPM As it was mentioned, a low level mnemonics instruction translates via the resident program into one machine instruction.
A FIN assembly instruction, for instance, would fetch a particular piece of data from memory.
Typically, the microprocessors program memory can cost about 25% more with a high level language than it might cost if the program had been written in the microprocessor assembly language.
A microprocessor is the central processing unit of a microcomputer. Assembly language operates at the closest possible level to the internal microprocessor hardware, giving the user the greatest possible control over execution time of routines, the size and content of program memory, and use of internal process element such as scratch pad registers. With assembly language the user has close contact With the hardware, as required for real time control. What's more, he can keep memory cost down and increase the efficiency of the microcomputer. And he can actually learn to program in assembly language in a couple of days.
EXERCISES:
I. Answer the following questions:
Why don't we need high level languages such as PASCAL working with microcomputers in control application?
Why is assembly language called low level?
What do low level languages use?
How much can the microprocessors program memory cost with a. high level language?
What is the central processing unit of a microcomputer?
In what case has the user the greatest possible control over execution time of routines?
What, has the user with assembly language?
II. Find in the text synonyms to the words below, read and translate them:
superfluous for instance
prevent from detailed
diminish inside .
is named program
Define the terms using the word-combinations in brackets:
Main memory access time - (takes, the CPU (central processing unit),: the time, to read from, or, location, it, write to, a memory, is).
Translate the following sentences into English:
Коли ви вводите програму в комп'ютер, місцева програма перекладає її у двійковий код машини.
Коли ми думаємо про мови програмування С++, Delphi абоPASCAL автоматично спадають на
думку.
Користувач ізольований від конструктивнихелементів і мови комп'ютера і може сконцентруватися на розв'язанні проблеми.
4, Мова високого рівня робить програмування легшим.
LESSON12.WHATISTHEMICROCOMPUTER?
I. Read and memorize the following words and word-Combinations: powerful- потужний to fill- заповнювати
large scale integrated circuit- велика інтегральна схема
vacuumlube- вакуумна трубка capability- здатність, здібність
to be composed of- складатися з * to measure- вимірювати sophistication- складність chip- кристал
tohandle- управляти, регулювати consequently- тому, отже