- •Lesson 1 evolution of the computer
- •Lesson 2 evolution of the computer (part 2)
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text;
- •Lesson 3 further steps of evolution of the computer (part 1)
- •II. Read and translate the following text):
- •Lesson 4 further steps of evolution of the computer (part 2)
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •1. Read and translate the following text:
- •Lesson 5 electronic computer evolution
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •Lesson 6 electronic brain
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •Lesson 7 characteristics and usage of computers
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •III. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Find the following words in the dictionary, read andtranslate them:
- •I. Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •I. Read and translate the following text:
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •I. Read and translate the following text:
- •I. Read and translate the following text:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
- •II. Read and translate the following text:
Lesson 7 characteristics and usage of computers
Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:
versatile - багатогранний
up-to-date - сучасний, передовий
to concern - відноситися, торкатися
vast - широкий, безкраїй
unique - унікальний
predecessor - попередник
accuracy - точність
set of instructions - набір інструкцій
memory unit - блок пам'яті
binary-codedform - форма двійкового кодування
application - застосування
mill - фабрика, комбінат
controlsignalstobesentbacktotheprocess -контрольні сигнали, які потрібно повернути на обробку
integratedcircuitchip ~ кристал інтегральної схеми
input/outputinterfacechip - кристал інтерфейсу вводу/виводу
large-scale integration - велика інтегральна схема (ВІС)
to respond - відповідати, реагувати
appropriate - відповідний
torange - коливатися (в певних межах)
II. Read and translate the following text:
From the first electronic digital computers of the forties to today's versatile computers and most up-to-date microcomputers, very little has changed as far as basic computer operation is concerned. In the last thirty years, vast improvement in the size, speed and capabilities of computers have taken place. But today digital computers still use the same logical operations as their predecessors. There are many concepts that can be applied to all types of computers, including microcomputers.
For the most part, human being can do whatever computers can do, but computers do it with much greater speed and accuracy, though they perform all their calculations and operations one step at a time. A computer is faster and more accurate than people, but unlike most people it must be given a complete set of instructions that tells it exactly what to do at each step of its operation. This set of instructions, called a programme, is prepared by one or more persons for each job a computer is to do. These programmes are placed in the computer's memory unit in binary-coded form, with each instruction having unique code.
Computers are often used in application where the results of their calculations are required immediately to be used controlling a process. These are called real-time applications; they are often found in industrial process control in industries such as paper mills, oil refineries, chemical plants and many others. The measuring systems send their signals to the computer which processes them and responds with appropriate control signals to be sent back to the process.
Computers in present use range considerably: from tiny things to big fellows The microcomputer, for one, is the smallest and the newest member of the computer family. It usually consists of several integrated circuit chips, including a microprocessor chip, memory chip, and input/output interface chip which are a result of tremendous advances in large-scale integration.