I. Read and translate the following text:

Although small, the microcomputer can be as powerful as a computer that once filled a room It's still a general purpose digital computer, but it's composed of large scale integrated circuits instead of transistors or vacuum tubes. At its heart is the microprocessor - a single integrated circuit that is the central processing unit Additionally, the microcomputer has some memory 1/0(input/output) capability.

The capability of a microcomputer is usually measured by its microprocessor. And the microproces­sor's sophistication is usually determined by its word length, given in bits. Microprocessors currently have word length of 32 or 64 bits. In other words, an 8-bit numbers with a single «add» instruction. But two in­structions are needed to add two 16-bit numbers. (These instructions use up memory).

Microprocessors with four bits were calculators type processors. Unlike other microprocessors, which use binary arithmetic, 8-bit processors use binary coded decimal arithmetic. Microcomputers with 8-bit processor now contain the processor and the memory on one chip.

The 8-bit microprocessor is the most popular and widely available microprocessor on the market. Eight bits is enough for most data and character handling and it's also a multiple of 16 or 24 if higher pression arith­metic is necessary. Most 8-bit processors, such as Na­tional's SC/MP, can also perform decimal arithmetic for process calculating.

EXERCISES:

I. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the microcomputer composed of?

2. What is at its heart?

3. Why were microprocessors with four bits calculator type processors?

4. What kind of processors use binary coded decimal arithmetic?

5. Where do microcomputers with 8-bit processors contain the processor and the memory ?

6. What increases the programming cost?

7. What is the most popular and widely available mi­croprocessor on the market?

8. How many bits is enough for most data and charac­ter handling?

II. Translate into Ukrainian:

• central processing unit;

• a single integrated unit,

• general purpose digital computer;

• microcomputer selection;

• calculator type processors;

• word length;

• large volume application.

The capability of a microcomputer is usually measured by its .. . An 8-bit microprocessor can add two 8-bit numbers with a single «add» … 3 Consequently, they are only practi­cal for large volume application that use exactly the same … The microprocessor's sophistication is usually determined by its word … Other microprocessors use binary ... Most 8-bit processors can also per­form decimal arithmetic for processor …

length calculating arithmetic instruction program memory

LESSON 13.SELECTION OF A MICROCOMPUTER

L Read and memorize the following words and word-combinations:

flexible - гнучкий

to expand - розширювати

semiconductor memory - напівпровідникова пам'ять

powersupply - постачання енергії

temporary - тимчасовий

uninterruptible - безперебійний

permanently - постійно, незмінно

volatile - непостійний

virtuallyunlimited - фактично безмежний

lightemittingdiode - діод, що випромінює світло

peripheral - периферійний