Role-play

Absent

Access

Achieve

Achievement

Activity

admission

adj not at work, school, a meeting etc because you are sick or decide not to go

• Half of our students were absent from class. Opp: present

n the right to enter a place, use something, see

something etc

have access to

direct/ free/ limited/ unlimited access v to succeed in doing something good or getting

the result you wanted, after trying hard for a

long time

• / want to achieve a good level of English.

n something important that you succeed in doing by your own efforts

• / am very proud of my achievements as programme director.

great/ remarkable/ tremendous achievement (= one that you admire a lot) quite an achievement/ no mean achievement (= a very impressive achievement) achievement test (= test which measures how much students have learned)

• All students must pass an achievement test. sense of achievement (= a feeling of pride when you succeed in doing something difficult)

• You get a wonderful sense of achievement when you reach the top.

an achievement in

n something that you do for interest or pleasure or because you want to achieve something classroom activities

extracurricular activities (= not part of the course that a student is doing)

• All students take part in extracurricular activities.

social activities

• The school arranges social activities for students to take part in at the weekends.

n permission given to someone to become a member of an organization; Karl's grades weren't good enough for admission to the university.

readmission

admissions (= the process of allowing people to enter a college, institution, university etc, or the number of people who can enter)

• They want to limit admissions to 500 students a year.

admissions policy/ procedures/ officer etc the admissions department

Admit

Advanced

Advice

advise

v to allow someone to join an organization, club, school etc admit somebody to/ into something

• She was admitted to the university.

adj studying or dealing with a school subject at a difficult level

• This is an exercise for more advanced students.

• The college has elementary, intermediate and advanced classes in French and Spanish.

advanced in

n an opinion you give someone about what they should do advice on/ about

• a booklet with advice on car problems give (somebody) advice

• Emma always gave me good advice.

ask somebody's advice (= to ask someone to advise you about something)

• Can I ask your advice?

take somebody's advice/ follow somebody's advice (= to do what someone advises you to do)

• Take my advice and study something practical.

a piece of advice (= some advice)

• Let me give you a piece of advice. medical/ legal/ professional/ expert advice

(= advice from someone with special

knowledge)

on somebody's advice

• He decided not to take the exam, on the advice of his professor.

v to tell someone what you think they should do, especially when you know more than they do about something

Amateur

Applicant

Application

Apply

Aspect

Assess

advise somebody to do something

• / advise you to think carefully before making a decision.

advise somebody against doing something

(= advise them not to do it)

advise somebody on/ about something

• Your teacher will be able to advise you about what qualification you will need.

strongly advise

advise caution/ patience/ restraint etc (= advise

people to be careful, patient etc)

adj doing something only for pleasure or interest,

not as a job

• amateur club

n someone who has formally asked, usually in

writing, to be considered for something such as

a job, an opportunity to study at a college, or

permission to do something

an applicant for

n a formal, usually written request to be considered for something such as a job, an opportunity to study at a college, or permission to do something

to send in -

to accept - an application (for something)

to turn down -

an application for

• an application for admission to a university application form

fill in (BrE)l fill out (AmE) an application form

• Fill in the application form, please.

v to make a formal, usually written request to be considered for a job, an opportunity to study at college, permission to do something apply to

• / applied to four colleges and was accepted by all of them.

apply for

• Frank applied for the post of the secretary.

n one part of a situation, idea, plan etc

that has many parts

• aspects of English

v to make a judgement about a person or situation after thinking carefully about it

Syn: evaluate assess what/ how etc

• It's difficult to assess how much has actually been done.

Assessment

Attend

Attention

available

n a process in which you make a judgement about a person or situation

• We start with an assessment of the student's abilities.

make an assessment

v 1. to go regularly to school

• All children between the ages of 5 and 16 must attend school.

2. to go to an event such as a meeting or a class

n the state of carefully listening to, watching, thinking about something that is happening or what someone is saying or doing pay attention to

• The teacher said I needed to pay more attention to spelling.

pay no attention/ pay little attention/ not pay much/ any attention

• / keep telling him to do his homework, but he never pays any attention.

give something attention (- study something

carefully, especially so that you can deal with a

problem)

hold/ keep somebody's attention

• Follett keeps the reader's attention throughout the book.

attract attention distract attention from attention to

• meticulous attention to detail

adj something that is available is able to be used or can easily be bought or found

• We 've used up all the available space.

• Spanish versions of the educational game are available for schools.

• Grants are available to students who have high grades.

• His latest book is available from all good bookstores.

readily/ freely available (= very easy to get)

Avoid

Behind

break

v to do something to prevent something bad from happening

• helping students to avoid common errors avoid doing something (= not do something, in order to make sure that you do not have problems)

• You should avoid making up your mind before you know all the facts.

avoid somebody/ something like the plague (= stay away from someone or something completely, especially because they are very unpleasant)

• / used to avoid that class like plague.

prep not as successful or advanced as someone or something be behind somebody in something

• Mark's always behind the rest of his class in mathematics.

fall behind (= become less and less successful)

n 1. a period of time when you stop what you are

doing in order to rest, eat etc –

• OK, let's run through it again straight after the break.

• without a break (= not stopping to rest or eat)

• Harry had worked for eight hours without a break.

take a break

• Let's take a ten minute break.

2. a short holiday/ vacation

• the Easter/ Thanksgiving/ Christmas etc break

3. a period of time during which something stops, before continuing again

• Elaine took a six month break in her studies.

• I want you all to have a little break from your classroom work, so we 're all going to the library.

break (BrE)/ recess (AmE) (= a time between classes when the children in a school can go outside and play)

• The children played kickball during recess.

• Come and see me at break, Tom.

Careful

Carefully

Certificate

Check

class

adj 1. someone who is careful tries not to make mistakes, and tries to do everything correctly

• She's a careful hard-working student. careful with

• Try to be more careful with your punctuation.

Opp: careless

2. a careful test, study, piece of work etc is done carefully and correctly, with a lot of attention to details

• Her book is the result of years of careful research.

adv • Check your essay carefully for spelling mistakes.

n an official document stating that you have completed a short course of study

v to do something or look at something to find out if it is done, correct, true, in good condition

• Remember to check your spelling in a dictionary

double-check (= to check a second time, so that you are completely sure)

n 1. a group of pupils or students who are taught together

• We 're in the same class in math.

• Today we only had a small class of ten people.

2. a group of students who finished college or high school in the same year (AmE)

• My dad's going to his 40^th class reunion this year.

• Howard was a member of the class of '89.

3. a period of time during which someone teaches a group of people, especially in a school

• When is your next class? Syn: lesson

in class (BrE) (= during the class)

• No talking in class!

take a class (BrE) (= teach a class) conduct/ hold a class have class

• / have class until ten tonight.

an advanced/ beginners'/ intermediate class; geography/ French class

4. class (AmE)/ course (BrE) (= a set of lessons in which you study a particular subject)

• a class in computer design

• take a class/ course in art history

Clever

Club

college

adj smart (AmE) someone who is clever or smart is good at learning or understanding things quickly and at thinking how to solve problems

• You are so clever! How did you think of that?

clever at

Syn: bright, brainy, intelligent

n an organization for people who share a particular interest or enjoy similar activities, or a group of people who meet together to do something they are interested in

• / decided to join the ski club in college.

join the club! (= used after someone has described a bad situation that they are in, to tell them that you are in the same situation)

• I've just failed my exam. - Join the club!

n 1. (BrE) a school for advanced education, especially in a particular subject or skill

• a teacher training college

(AmE) a school for advanced education where you can get a Bachelor's degree

• Which colleges have you applied to? college students

go back to college

• Older people are going back to college to get a diploma.

college graduates

• Recent college graduates have had trouble findingjobs.

2. the part of a university that teaches a particular subject

• the College of Engineering go to college

finish/ graduate from college

put somebody through college (= pay for somebody's college education)

Colloquium

Command

Concentrate

Consult

Cope

Copy

correct

n an event at which someone such as a professor gives a talk on a particular subject to a group of people

n command of something (= knowledge of something, especially a language, or the ability to use something)

• Pedro has a good command of English.

v to think very carefully about something you are doing

• Turn off the TV, so you can concentrate on your homework.

v to look for information in a book, map, list etc

• consult a dictionary

Syn: look up a word in a dictionary

v to succeed in dealing with a difficult problem or job be able/unable; can/can't cope with something

• She is unable to cope with her increasing homework.

Syn: manage something

• You'll never manage that difficult task. Let me help you.

v 1. to make something exactly like another thing

• Copy the file onto a disk to save it. photocopy (= to copy a piece of paper with writing or pictures on it, using a special machine that makes a photograph of the original)

• I photocopied the letter before sending it off. 2. to cheat in an examination, school work etc

by looking at someone else's work and writing the same thing that they have

• Any student caught copying from someone else will be sent out.

copy something from/ out of something

• This isn 't your own work. You copied it out of the book.

Syn: crib

• / was once caught cribbing at school and I was severely punished.

adj without a mistake

• The first ten correct answers will win a prize.

correct in

• / think I'm correct in saying that this word is used only in spoken English.

Correction

Course

coursebook (BrE)

correspondence course

credit

curriculum

n a change made in something in order to make it right or better

• My homework was covered with corrections. make a correction

• / still have a few last-minute corrections to make.

n a class in a particular subject class (AmE)

• Andy's doing a one-year journalism course

• a course on journalism take/ do a course

• She is taking a course in flower arranging. correspondence course (- a course of lessons in which the student works at home and sends completed work to their teacher by mail)

• I'm taking a correspondence course in business studies.

enrol on course/join/sign up for a course

give/ conduct/ teach a course

n a book that you use regularly during a set of lessons on a particular subject

Syn.: textbook

n a course of lessons in which the student works at home and sends completed work to their teacher by mail

• I'm taking a correspondence course in business studies.

n a unit that shows you have successfully completed part of your studies at a school or college

• / don't have enough credits to graduate.

get/ receive credit for a course

n the subjects that are taught at a school, college etc (pl. curricula)

• The curriculum includes art and music classes.

a school/ college/ university curriculum; to be introduced into the curriculum

• Has computer studies been introduced into the college curriculum?

to be on the curriculum

• They all have to study French because it is on the curriculum.

extracurricular activities

Deadline

Dean

Degree

Department

dictionary

n a date or time by which you have to do or complete something

• The deadline is May 27^th.

meet a deadline (= finish by the deadline) work to a deadline (= plan your work so that it can be finished by the deadline) miss the deadline (= to be too late) set a deadline (= decide on a deadline) a tight deadline (= a deadline that is difficult to meet)

n someone in a college or university who is in charge of an area of study, or in charge of students and their behaviour

dean's office

n a qualification given to someone who has successfully completed a course of study at a college or university

• a law degree

• a degree in history

bachelor's degree (= the first level of college degree)

• Lora has a bachelor's degree from Harvard.

Master's degree/ Master's (- an advanced degree that you get by studying for one or two years after getting your first degree)

• To do this job, you need a Master's degree in Computer Science.

doctorate/ PhD (= the most advanced type of degree, which you study for on your own for several years, doing work and writing a long report explaining what you have discovered)

• She has a PhD in psychology.

n one of the groups of people working together to form part of a large organization such as hospital, university, or company

• the English department correspondence department

n a book that gives a list of words in alphabetical order and explains their meanings in the same or another language

• a Russian-English dictionary

• Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English

• Oxford Minireference Dictionary & Thesaurus

consult a dictionary Syn: look up

• Look up the word in the dictionary.

Diploma

disposal

ear

education

n 1. (BrE) a document showing that someone has successfully completed a course of study or passed an examination

to study for a diploma

take a diploma

have a diploma

hold a diploma

be awarded a diploma

get a diploma

obtain a diploma

receive a diploma

to award smb a diploma

• I'm hoping to get my teaching diploma this year.

• The university awards diplomas in higher education.

a diploma in

• He holds a diploma in hotel management.

2. (AmE) a document showing that a student has successfully completed their high school, college or university education a high school diploma

n to have at one's disposal (= available for someone to use)

n to have an ear for music/ languages etc (= to be very good at hearing, recognizing, and copying sounds from music, languages etc)

• She has no ear for languages at all.

n the whole process by which people learn and develop their minds in schools, colleges, and universities

• My parents wanted me to have a good education.

• It can cost you a lot to give your kids a college education.

• adult education classes

• a lecturer in higher education

further education (BrE) (= education for adults after leaving school that is not at a university) higher education (= college or university education)

private education (= paid for by parents, not provided by the government)

special education (= the education of children who have particular physical problems or learning problems)

free education

compulsory education

educational

effort

elementary

enrol (BrE)l

enroll (AmE)

enter

equip

examination/ exam

adj an educational institution (= a school, college, or university)

n an attempt to do something, especially when this involves a lot of hard work or determination

make an effort (to do something) (- try very hard)

adj concerning the first and the easiest part of a subject

• an elementary coursebook for learners of English

elementary school (= a school in the U.S. that is typically for the first six years of a child's education)

v to officially arrange to join a school, college, class, organization etc, or arrange for someone else to do this

enrol in

• He plans to enrol in a vocational school

enrol in course

v to start studying at a college or university

• This fall she will enter the University of North Carolina.

v to provide a person, group, building etc with the things that are needed for a particular activity or type of work

• The school will be equipped with 70 brand new computers.

fully/ well/ poorly equipped

n a spoken or written test of knowledge that you do at the end of a course of study or at the end of the school year

• How did you do in your exams? history/ French etc exam

• We have a Latin exam tomorrow, and I haven't done any work for it yet.

an exam in physics

an exam on irregular verbs

entrance exam (= an exam you must pass to enter a school or university)

sit for/ take/ do/ have an exam

pass an exam (= be successful in an exam)

Opp: fail (in) an exam

do well in/do badly in an examination

an exam paper

exam results/ scores

finals (= the last exams that you take at the end of a university course)

• During my finals, I was revising till 3 о 'clock in the morning most days.

a final (AmE) (= an important exam that you take at the end of a set of classes)

• / have a final in chemistry tomorrow. end of term/year exam

prepare -

revise - for examination

study -

read -

do/sit/take an examination

resit/retake an examination

examine

examiner

excuse

v a formal word meaning to ask someone questions in an exam in order to find out what they know about a particular subject

examine smb on

• Students will be examined on all aspects of English literature and history.

n a person who tests students' knowledge or ability

n a reason that you give to explain why you did something wrong

• His excuse for being late wasn 't very good.

there is no excuse for something

a poor excuse for something

make an excuse

have an excuse

accept an excuse

reject an excuse

Faculty

Fail

Fee

fluent

form (BrE)

grade (AmE)

good

graduate

n 1. a department within a university

• the Faculty of Engineering

2. (AmE) all the teachers in a university

• A drop in enrolment will effect students, faculty, and administrators.

v to not pass a test or examination

• I failed my driving test the first time I took it.

• I passed the written paper but failed on my oral.

fail (in) an exam Syn: flunk Opp: pass an exam

n an amount of money that you pay to do something

• university fee charge a fee

a fee for

adj very good at speaking a language, so that you can speak it quickly without stopping and you understand it very well

fluent in

• Dawn is fluent in English.

• Ann speaks fluent Italian.

n a class in a school

• We stopped doing Art in the fourth form.

• What grade are you in ?

adj smart and skilful

be good at (doing) something

• Alan is good at languages.

n 1. someone who has completed a university degree course, especially for a first degree

• a history graduate

• a graduate of Birmingham University

2. (AmE) someone who has completed a course at a school, college, or university

• a high school graduate

v to obtain a degree, especially a first degree, from a college or university graduate from

• Mitch graduated from Stanford with a degree in Law.

graduate with honours

graduate studies

• to pursue graduate studies

Grant

Group

hand in/ turn in (AmE

hand out

handout

holidays (BrE)

vacation (AmE)

homework

Idiom

Improve

n an amount of money that a government or other organization gives to someone to help pay for something good or useful, such as their education

• It's very difficult to get a grant to go to college.

award a grant a grant for

n several people or things that are all together in the same place

• group 516 of the English Faculty

• Get into groups of four.

v give a piece of work to a teacher, your boss etc

• He handed in his essay three days later.

• Have you all turned in your homework from last night?

v to give something to each member of a group of people

n a piece of paper with information given to

people who are attending a lesson, meeting etc

• There is a four-page handout that you can pick up as you leave.

n a time of rest from work, school etc

• The school holidays start on Wednesday.

n work for school that a student is asked to do at home

a homework assignment (= a piece of work that a student is asked to do) do one's homework

• Have you done all your homework? for homework

• For homework, I'd like you to finish Exercise 3.

hand in homework correct/ grade homework

n a group of words that are used together and have a special meaning that you cannot guess from the meanings of each separate word

• 'Full of beans" is an idiom which means lively and energetic.

v to make something better

• A course for students wishing to improve their English.

improve in

• She has improved in English

Intermediate

Interpret

Interpreter

knowledge

adj existing between the beginning skill level and the most advanced level

• an intermediate Japanese class

v to translate what someone is saying immediately after they say it so that people who speak different languages can talk to each other interpret for somebody

• My boss doesn 't speak any Japanese, but 1 interpret for her.

n someone whose job is to translate what has just been said

• Both Presidents were accompanied by their interpreters.

a conference/ simultaneous interpreter through an interpreter (= using an interpreter) speak through an interpreter

n the information and understanding that you have gained through learning or experience

• Paula has a good knowledge of Japanese.

• American students have been accused of a lack of knowledge about geography.

common knowledge (= something that everyone knows)

• It's common knowledge

general knowledge (= knowledge of facts about many different subjects that most people know about)

a working knowledge of something (= enough knowledge of a system, foreign language etc to be able to use it, although your knowledge is limited)

• Linda has a working knowledge of Spanish and French.

scientific/ medical/ technical knowledge

• theories based on scientific knowledge brush up one's knowledge (of a subject)

Late

Learn

Learner

lecture

lecture

lecturer

lesson

adj arriving, happening, or done after the time that was expected, agreed, or arranged

• Peggy was late for school.

be late to do something

• Is it too late to apply for the next semester?

5 minutes/ 2 days/ 3 weeks late

• Sam was 10 minutes late. get up late

Syn: tardy Opp: on time

v to gain knowledge of a subject, or skill in an activity, by experience, by studying it, or being taught

• What's the best way to learn a language?

• Children are usually very quick at learning.

learn to do something

learn how to do something (= learn a method or skill)

learn something by heart

learn parrot fashion

learn from your mistakes

n someone who is learning to do something slow/ quick/ fast learner

• Jill's a very quick learner.

• a grammar book for learners of English

n a long talk given to a group of people on a particular subject, especially as a method of teaching in universities

• a lecture on economics

give a lecture

attend a lecture

v to talk to a group of people on a particular subject, especially as a method of teaching at a university

lecture on (e. g. fine art)

n 1. someone who gives a lecture

• a brilliant lecturer

2. (BrE) someone who teaches at a university or college

• a chemistry lecturer

• a lecturer in economics

a senior lecturer (BrE)

n 1. a period in which someone teaches one person or a small number of people

• She gives English lessons to business people in the evenings.

2. a period of time in which someone is taught a particular skill

take lessons/ have lessons (= to pay for lessons from a teacher in order to study a subject or skill in your free time)

• I'm having Spanish lessons after work. a lesson in

3. a part of book that is used for learning a particular subject, especially in school

• Turn to lesson 25.

Level

Library

major (AmE)

major in (AmE)

mark(BrE)

grade (AmE)

mark/grade (AmE)

master

memory

n the amount, degree, or number of something, as compared to another amount, degree, or number

• a good level of English

elementary/ intermediate/ advanced level reach a level

n a room or building containing books that can be looked at or borrowed

• a public library

• the college library

• library books

the main subject that a student studies at college or university

• Her major is history.

to study something as your main subject at college or university

• He's majoring in Political Science.

Opp: minor in = to study an additional subject that is less important

n a number or letter that shows how well you have done in school, college etc

• Ellen always gets good grades.

v to look at student's work or examination paper and give them numbers or letters to show how good they are

• Mrs Parry, have you marked our tests yet?

v to learn a skill or a language so well that you understand it completely and have no difficulty with it

• She helps students who haven't mastered English.

n the ability to remember things, places, experiences

• I had a good memory, and usually did well I tests.

have a good/ bad memory for something from memory

• He recited the whole poem from memory.

have a memory like a sieve

Miss

Mistake

Notes

orientation (AmE)

page

to not go somewhere or do something, especially when you want to but cannot

• Terry's illness caused him to miss a whole month of school.

something that is not correct, which you do say, or write without intending to

• Your essay 's full of mistakes.

make a mistake (in)

• She made four mistakes in grammar and punctuation.

correct a mistake spelling mistake

• Check your work carefully for any spelling mistakes.

by mistake

• Someone must have left the computer turned on by mistake.

bad/ serious mistake

Syn: error

information that a student writes down during a class, from a book, lesson etc, so they will remember it

• There is no textbook, so you must rely on your lecture notes.

take/ make notes (= write notes)

• / read the first three chapters and took notes

make a mental note

• She made a mental note to call them first thing in the morning.

training and preparation for a new job or activity

• This is orientation week for the new students.

one side of a sheet of paper in a book, newspaper etc, or the sheet of paper itself

on page 5/20 etc

• What page is the picture on?

• Seepages 27-30 for further details.

at page 5/20 etc

• Open your books at page 14.

turn a page

turn to page 5/ 20 etc

the opposite/ facing page

over the next page (= on the next page) a blank page (= a page that is empty)

Participate

Postpone

Practice

practise (BrE)/ practice (AmE)

praise

professor

v to take part in an activity or event

• Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.

v to change an event, action etc to a later time or date postpone something until/ for something

• The meeting's been postponed until tomorrow.

postpone doing something Syn: put off

n regular activity that you do in order to improve a skill or ability with practice

• With a little more practice you should be able to pass your test.

it takes practice

• Learning to write isn 't easy, it takes practice.

Practice makes perfect (= used to say that if you do an activity regularly, you will become very good at it)

v to do an activity regularly in order to improve your skill or to prepare for a test

• We 're going to Paris for a few days, so that Ron can practise his French.

practise doing something

• Max needs to practise writing essays. practise hard (= practise a lot) practise for something

practise something on somebody

• Everybody wants to practise their English on me.

v to say that you admire and approve of someone or something, especially publicly praise somebody/ something for something

• Mary praised Robyn for her hard work.

n (BrE) a teacher of the highest rank in a university department

• a professor of history

(AmE) a teacher at a college, or university, especially one who has a high rank research/ visiting professor college/ university professor

Progress

Prom

Pronounce

Pronunciation

Pupil

Pursue

quiz

n the process of getting better at doing something, or getting closer to finishing or achieving something make progress

• David has made good progress with his studies this year.

progress in

• He is making good progress in maths.

in progress (= happening now, and not yet finished)

• No talking. Examination in progress.

n (AmE) a formal dance party for high school students, often held at the end of a school year

• the senior prom

at the prom

v to make the sound of a letter, word etc especially in the correct way

• How do you pronounce your name? pronounce after

• Pronounce after me.

n the way in which a language or a particular word is pronounced

• Gwen has problems with her grammar but her pronunciation is very good.

• a native pronunciation

n (BrE) someone who is being taught, especially a child

• With over 2000 pupils, this is one of the biggest schools in London.

v to continue doing an activity or trying to achieve something over a long period of time

• After college, Jonathan said he hopes to pursue a career in medicine.

n (AmE) a quick short test that a teacher gives to a class

• / think we are heaving a history quiz today.

oral/ written quiz

Read

Ready

Repeat

Research

Result

Revise

Revision

v to look at written words and understand what they mean

• / can read Spanish but I can't speak it very well.

• I'm sorry I can't read your handwriting.

read to somebody

• Our mother reads to us every day. read (something) aloud

read something through/ over

• Always read through what you have written before you leave the exam room.

• Read the contract over (through) carefully before you sign it in.

adj prepared for what you are going to do ready to do something ready for

• / don't want to take the test yet; I am not ready for it.

get ready (= prepare yourself to do something)

ready with

• She is always ready with an answer.

v to say something again

• Could you repeat your question ? repeat after somebody

repeat oneself (= self the same thing again)

• The interpreter asked him to repeat himself.

n careful, detailed work that you do in order to discover new information or produce new ideas about a particular subject

research into/ on

medical/ historical etc research

do/ pursue research

• I'm still doing research for my thesis.

n (BrE) the mark you get in an examination

• When do we get our exam results?

v (BrE) to spend time reading things again, making notes etc, in order to prepare for an exam

• / was up all night revising for my German exam.

study/ review (AmE)

n (BrE) the work of studying lessons, notes etc in order to learn them

• I’ll have to do some revision before my exam.

Scholarship

School

semester

n money that a student receives from their school, college etc to pay for their education, especially because they have passed an examination win a scholarship (= by passing an exam)

• When she was 18, she won a scholarship to study at the Conservatoire in Paris.

receive a scholarship for

n a place where children are taught

• Which school do you go to?

to/ from school

• 80 % of parents take their children to school by car.

state school (BrE)/ public school (AmE) (= a school that is paid for by the government)

primary school (BrE)/ elementary school/ grade school (AmE) (= a school for children aged between five and eleven)

secondary school (BrE) (= a school for children aged between 11 and 18)

junior high school (AmE) (= a school for children aged between 12 and 13 or 14)

high school (AmE) (= a school for children aged between 14 and 17)

go to school (AmE) (= study at a college or university)

• Phil gave up his job, and he 's going back to school next year.

law/ medical/ business/ graduate etc school

start/ leave/ finish school

at school (BrE)/ in school (AmE)

a) attending a school (or university)

• We 've got two children at school.

b) in the school building schoolbus/ building etc schoolday schoolleaver schoolmate schoolteacher schoolwork

n (AmE) one of the two periods of time, usually about 15 to 18 weeks long, into which a year at high schools, colleges, and universities is divided

• spring semester

Seminar

sign up

skill

speak

specialise (BrE)

specialize (AmE)

stimulate

Student

studies

n a class or series of classes in which a small group of students meet to study or talk about a particular subject

a Shakespeare seminar

a seminar on

to hold a seminar

v to put your name on a list because you want to take part in an activity, such as a class

sign up for

• 1m thinking of signing up for the philosophy course this term.

n an ability to do something well, especially because you have learned and practised it

skill at/ in computer/ language etc skills

• You need good communication skills for this job.

v 1. to talk to someone about something or have a conversation

2. to be able to speak a particular language

• Elaine speaks Spanish and Russian.

v to limit all or most of your study, business etc to a particular subject or activity

specialize in

v to encourage someone by making them excited about and interested in something

• The activities are designed to stimulate classroom discussions.

stimulate somebody to do something

n someone who is studying at a school, university etc

• a firs tyear student at the University of Oslo

law/ medical/ engineering etc student

• Mary is a first-year medical student. student teacher/ nurse (= someone who is learning to be a teacher or nurse)

n subjects that people study, especially several related subjects

• How are you doing in your studies? complete/pursue one's studies undergraduate studies (= doing a university course for a fîrst degree)

graduate (AmE)/ postgraduate (BrE) studies (= studies or courses done after receiving your fîrst degree)

Study

Subject

success

v to spend time reading, going to classes etc in order to learn about a subject

• I've been studying English for years. study to be a doctor/ lawyer etc

• My brother is studying to be an accountant.

study for an exam/ test etc

• I've only got three weeks left to study for my exams.

study law/ business etc (= study a subject at college)

study under somebody (= be trained by a famous teacher)

• / study under a well-known professor.

study for a degree

n 1. an area of knowledge that you study at a. school or university

• My favourite subject at school was English.

a major (AmE)/ main (BrE) subject

a minor (AmE)/ secondary (BrE) subject

an optional subject

2. something that is talked about or written about, for example at a meeting, in an essay, or in a conversation

• We talked about all sorts of subjects. change the subject (= start talking about something different)

• Tom quickly changed the subject when I asked him about his grades.

be a subject of/ for debate/ discussion etc

n 1. the achievement of something that you have tried to do or wanted to do

• She puts her success down to hard work and goodluck.

success in (doing) something

2. something that has a good result or effect

be a (great/ huge/ big) success

• The show was a big success.

3. someone who does very well in their job

• Jane is determined to be a success in whatever field she chooses.

Swot

Syllabus

Teach

Teacher

Term

v (BrE) to study a lot in a short time, especially for an examination

cram (AmE)

• I was busy swottingfor my History exam.

swot up

• I've got to swot up French irregular verbs.

n a plan that states exactly what students at a school or college should learn in a particular class

• Dickens and Hardy are on this year's English literature syllabus.

v to give lessons at a school, collège, or university

• George 's been teaching.

teach something to somebody

• I'm teaching English to Italian students.

teach somebody about something

• We need to do more to teach teenagers about AIDS.

teach English/ mathematics/ history etc

• Janet teaches science at a local school.

teach school/ college etc (AmE) (= teach in a school etc)

• My Dad taught school in New York. teach somebody (how) to do something teach somebody something

• You remember Mr Brown - he used to teach us History.

n someone whose job is to teach

• Mrs Fast is myfavourite teacher. English, science/ chemistry etc teacher

• The school doesn 't hâve enough French teachers.

teacher of

• a teacher ofSpanish

an exchange/ practice/ student teacher supply teacher (BrE)/ substitute teacher (AmE) (= a teacher who does the work of another teacher who is ill)

n (BrE) one of the three periods that the school or university year is divided into summer/ autumn/ spring term

• The main exams are at the end ofthe summer term.

term time (= during the term)

• Teachers often feel overworked in term time.

Test

Thesis

Time

timetable {BrE)/

schedule (AmE)

train

translate

a set of questions, exercises, or practical activities to measure someone's skill, ability, or knowledge

• How did you do in the spelling test?

• We have a test on irregular verbs tomorrow.

take/ do/ sit a test (= take part in it)

• The thought of taking the test terrifies me.

pass/ fail a test

• / didn 'tpass my driving test thefirst time.

listening/oral/spelling/ reading/ written etc test

• Don't forget there's a chemistry test tomorrow.

give/set/administer/mark a test test result

• When do you get your test results back?

achievement/ profïciency test

a test in mathematics

a test on new material

a long piece of writing about a particular subject that you do as a part of an advanced university degree such as a Master's Degree.

• Keith wrote his master's thesis on Swedish music.

something that is measured in minutes, hours, years etc using clocks

on time (= arriving or happening at the correct time or the time that was arranged)

in time (= early or soon enough to do something)

a list of the times of classes in a school, college etc

to teach someone or be taught the skills of a particular job or activity

• Before I trained as a teacher, I wanted to be a journalist.

• She works at a flying school, training pilots.

train to do something

• Bob is training to be a doctor.

train somebody in something

• We train people in skills such as typing and business administration.

to change speech or writing into another language

• No one else spoke French, so I had to translate.

translate something (from something) into something

• We translatée the text from Italian into English.

translate simultaneously

do a translation

in translation (= translated into a different language)

• All his plays are available in translation.

Translator

Truancy

Tutor

tutor

tutorial

University

vocabulary

n someone who changes speech or writing into a different language

n the practice of deliberately staying away from school without permission

n someone who gives lessons to just one student or a small group of students

• When she was ill she studied at home with a private tutor.

v to teach someone as a tutor

tutor in

n a period of teaching and discussion with a tutor

• a psychology tutorial

a tutorial on

n an educational institution at the highest level where you can study for a bachelor's degree, a master's degree, or a doctorate, and where people also do research

be at university (= be a student at a university)

• Both my sisters are at university to study biology.

in a university (AmE)

go to university (= become a student at a

university)

• She wants to go to university to study biology.

go to a university (AmE)

n 1. all the words that someone knows, learns, or uses

• Carol has been using flash cards to increase her vocabulary.

somebody's active/ passive vocabulary (= the words someone can use, or the words they understand)

build up/ develop/ enlarge/ increase/ enrich/extend one's vocabulary

• You should read more literature to enrich your vocabulary.

wide/ limited vocabulary

2. all the words in a particular language

• English has the largest vocabulary of any language.

3. a list of words with explanations of their meanings often is a book for learning a language

Word

Work

work

n the smallest unit of language that people can understand if it is said or written on its own

• Write an essay of about five hundred words.

• The word "origami " cornes from Japanese.

a word for (= a word that means)

• "Casa " is the Italian word for house.

in your own words

• In your own words, tell us what the novel is about.

word for word (= in exactly the same words)

word by word (= if you translate a piece of writing from a foreign language word for word, you translate the meaning of each single word rather than the meaning of a whole phrase or sentence)

in other words (= saying in a différent way)

n the act of doing something that needs to be done or that you want to do, or the time and effort needed to do it

• / can see you 've done a lot of work in the garden.

get down to work (= start doing work)

• It 's time for everyone to get down to work.

nice/ good work.

• Nice work! The project looks good. workbook (= a school containing questions and exercises)

v to study a subject by reading books, doing exercises etc

• You 've worked really hard this semester.

work on something (= to spend time making, improving or fixing something)

• / worked ail night on that article.

work your way through school/ college (AmE) (= to do a job while you are in college because you need the money to help pay for it)

• Cindy worked her way through collège as a waitress.

work your fingers to the bone (= to work very hard)

work out (= to think carefully about how you are going to do something and plan a good way of doing it)

• Have you worked out the schedule for next month?

Workshop

Write

Year

n a meeting at which people try to improve their skills by discussing their experiences and doing practical exercises

to conduct a workshop in/at a/ the workshop

• In the one-day workshop she taught us how to manage our time.

a workshop on

• / learned these new skills at a workshop on databases.

v 1. to form letters or numbers with a pen or pencil

• Ken could read and write when he wasfive.

2. to produce a new book, poem, song etc

• / can 't corne with you - I hâve an essay to write.

write about (= describe something)

• Your assignment is to write about your summer vacation.

n a period of time, about equal to or shorter than a year, that is the usual time for something to happen

academic/ school year (= period during a year when students are in school, university etc)

first/ second etc year (= the fïrst, second etc year at University)

• I gave up German in the third year.