Tree length logging system circa 1972 ( Система машин заготовки хлыстов)

chain saw feller-buncher bunch skidder to drag landing forwarder delimber machine limb slasher machine length to stack pile truck rut skidding trail

цепная пила валочно-пакетирующая машина пакет, пачка (деревьев, хлыстов) трелевочник подтаскивать, тащить склад, погрузочная площадка, лесопогрузочный пункт форвардер (самозагружающийся трактор для трелевки лесоматериалов в погруженном положении) сучкорезка сучок, ветка машина для раскряжевки хлыст штабелевать, складывать штабелем штабель грузовик колея, борозда трелевочный волок

Around 1972, the tree length logging system was introduced and was a major advancement over the chain saw logging system. It uses several major pieces of equipment, needing only one labourer for each machine. One machine is a feller-buncher, which cuts trees at ground level and places them in bunches.

Another machine is a Skidder which drags the bunches to the landing. In most cases, two Skidders were needed to keep up with the feller-buncher. Alternatively, a forwarder machine (photo) could be used. At the landing, a delimber machine removes limbs from the trees. A slasher machine cuts the trees to appropriate lengths and stacks the logs in piles for truck transport.

The tree length system can be very productive, but only if the labourers are there for each machine, each machine was working, and the weather was not severe. If a labourer was missing or a machine down, production was brought to a halt. If the weather was severe, the different machines would cause ruts in the ground making it hard for the machines to move around. This was particularly problematic since the tree length logging system requires a network of roads, skidding trails, and landings.

Task 1 Назовите по-английски виды Лесных машин, перечисленных в этом тексте.

Task 2 Укажите функции Лесных машин.

Harvester (Лесозаготовительная машина для валки или валки и обработки деревьев)

felling thinning easy-to-reach controls suspension suspension design harsh roomy dual boom stick harversting head extension extend require handle eliminate swing command lever hoist consist of two-section stick box construction design dual hoist cylinders stick cylinder extension cylinder

рубка, валка (леса), заготовка леса, главные рубки прореживание, вырубка легкодоступные органы управления подвеска, подвешенное состояние подрессоренное, на рессоре суровый, жесткий просторный двойной стрела рукоять валочная головка, захватно-срезающее устройство вылет (стрелы), выдвижение удлиняться, выдвигаться требовать оперировать, манипулировать, сортировать уменьшать поворачивать управление рычаг подъемник (зд.) представляет собой двухсекционный манипулятор коробчатого сечения два гидроцилиндра привода стрелы гидроцилиндр привода рукояти гидроцилиндр привода телескопической рукояти

Today’s logger must consider many different criteria in a harvester. Harsh forestry conditions require equipment with various applications and with high productivity. The Caterpillar Harvester line includes models designed and built to be used in various applications from first thinning to final felling and that are able to handle trees of different diametres.

The Caterpillar Harvester line has been engineered specifically to address operator comfort. All cabs have a roomy interior, easy-to-reach controls and a suspension design that eliminates vibration.

Easy-to-reach controls give the operator full finger tip command. The harvesting head and boom and stick functions, plus the cab rotation are controlled from these levers.

Boom and stick consist of a two-section stick with a box construction design that extends 2,5 meters. Boom incorporates dual hoist cylinders, stick cylinder and extension cylinder. The boom and stick swings with the cab and is mounted along the side of the cab.

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to adjust pendulum arm slope (sloping conditions) directional travelling armrest to buck hazard to access to aid tight adjustable armrest

регулировать, приспосабливать ручка, рукоятка, рычаг уклон, наклон, скат передвижение подлокотник раскряжевывать, распиливать авария, несчастный случай, опасность, риск получать доступ, добираться помогать, обеспечивать вспомогательные средства густой регулируемый подлокотник

The operator may also adjust the pendulum arms to level the machine while harvesting. The pendulum arm suspension technology has revolutionized the industry. With this kind of versatility the operator can access trees in the tightest of thinning areas and toughest of sloping conditions.

Machine movement is controlled by floor peduls to free up the operator’s hands to maneuver the harvesting head with the boom and stick.

Excellent viewing area gives the operator a direct view of the harvesting head and the tree. The boom is mounted beside the cab, rather than directly in front. Windows are made of polycarbonate material to promote maximum protection for the operator.

Directional travelling is controlled by a floor pedul for easy changing of forward and reverse.

Operator ergonomics are improved through an eight-way adjustable seat, with seven-way adjustable armrests.

The computer aided bucking and measuring system is located in direct line-of-sight for easy viewing. A digital monitoring system displays all vital machine information and alerts the operator of potential hazards that could damage the harvester.