- •Participle I
- •§ 129. Participle I is a non-finite form of the verb with some adjectival and adverbial features. It is formed by adding the suffix -ing to the stem of the verb.
- •Forms of participle I
- •Participle II
- •Voice peculiarities of participle II
- •§ 143. Participle II of transitive verbs, when it is not part of a perfect form, is always passive in meaning.
- •Participle as predicative:
- •Participle as attribute
- •Practice
- •Compare the following pairs:
- •Open the brackets using the correct form of the Participle.
- •Participle as adverbial modifier
- •§ 133. All four forms of participle I can function as adverbial modifiers of different semantic types (time, reason, manner, attendant circumstances and sometimes condition, concession, comparison).
- •Practice
- •Practice
- •Practice
- •§ 133. As an adverbial of comparison the participle is always preceded by the conjunction as if, as though:
- •Practice
- •Practice
- •Participle as parenthesis
- •Revision
- •The objective participial construction with participle I
- •§ 137. Participle I may function as part of a predicative construction, entering into a predicative relationship with some nominal element and forming a syntactical unit with it.
- •Notes: infinitive or participle I?
- •Prepositional absolute participial construction with participle I
- •§ 152. The prepositional absolute construction with participle II.
- •Revision
- •Test yourself
- •I. Choose the correct participle.
- •II. Replace the Infinitive in brackets by the appropriate form of the Participle.
- •III. State the function of the Participle.
- •IV. Rewrite the sentences using participles.
- •V. Translate into English.
- •Supplement
- •Russian Equivalents of Participles Used as Attributes [Drozdova p330] active
- •Passive
- •Compare
- •Russian Equivalents of Participles Used as Adverbial Modifiers[Drozdova p331]
- •Bibliography
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Compare the following pairs:
interesting match interested spectators
exciting games excited children
boring lessons bored students
burning fires burnt woods
sinking ships sunk ships
frightening story frightened listeners
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Open the brackets using the correct form of the Participle.
1. A crowd of (excite) people were watching the firemen trying to save the (burn) building.
2. "During my vacation I came across several extremely (interest) books," said he. "Which ones?" she asked in an (interest) voice. 3. Why do you look so (worry)? - I've had a number of (worry) telephone calls lately. 4.I don't know what was in the (burn) letter, I didn't read it.
5. Nothing can save the (sink) ship now, all we can do is to try and save the passengers.
6. It was an (excite) incident. No wonder she spoke about it in an (excite) voice. 7. After hearing the (frighten) tale, the (frighten) children wouldn't go to sleep. 8. The doctor did his best to convince her that there was nothing seriously wrong with the boy, but the (worry) mother wouldn't calm down.
Exercise 5. Make one sentence out of two using either Participle I or Participle II as an Attribute. The first sentence has been done for you. [Leschova p207 ex2]
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I didn't talk much to the man. The man was sitting next to me on the plane. I didn't talk much to the man sitting next to me on the plane
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The taxi broke down. The taxi was taking us to the airport.
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The window was broken in the storm last night. It has been repaired now.
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A number of suggestions were made at the meeting. Most of them were not very practical.
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At the end of the street there is a path. The path leads to the river.
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Some paintings were stolen from the museum. They haven't been found yet.
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A new factory has been just opened in the town. The factory employs 500 people.
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A man was arrested by the police. What was his name?
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The company sent me a brochure. It contained all the information I needed.
Exercise 6. Translate the sentences into English using either the Participle or a clause. [Leschova p210 ex9]
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Мне вспомнился портрет, который я видела в картинной галерее.
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Он человек, которого все любят и которым все восхищаются.
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Забор, окружающий сад, недавно покрашен.
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Мы любовались звездами, мерцавшими на небе.
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Он обратил внимание посетителей на висевшую над его головой картину, написанную маслом.
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Я еще не просмотрел всех журналов, присланных нам из Лондона.
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Машины, заказанные на заводе, прибудут через несколько дней.
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Все студенты, принимающие участие в этой работе, должны собраться в Академии в десять часов.
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Он положил спящего ребенка на диван.
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Он показал нам список товаров, экспортируемых фирмой.
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Железная дорога, соединяющая два этих района, была построена недавно.
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Я надеюсь, что вы не повторите ошибок, сделанных в прошлом диктанте.
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Человек, сидевший у открытого окна, смотрел на детей, игравших в саду.
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Его неожиданный ответ удивил всех нас.